WorksheetsPotassium & Magnesium - Heemer
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 14mins
What is the most abundant cation?
Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium
Chloride
Most of the bodies K is found in the extracellular fluid
True
False
Which of the following is not a function of potassium
Ratio of ICF:ECF K+ - determines resting membrane potentials
Determinant of electrical action potential across membranes
Cellular metabolism and growth
Protein and glycogen synthesis
Neuromuscular activity
Which of the following may be the most important hormone in regards to potassium homeostasis?
Insulin
Catecholamines
Aldosterone
Potassium moves into cells and H is pumped out of the cells when alkalosis occurs.
True
False
Hypokalemia usually occurs due to
diuretics
acidosis
hyperosmolality
hypermagnesemia
A patient with hypokalemia due to hypomagnesemia should be treated for the hypokalemia before trying to correct the hypomagnesemia.
True
False
When should IV tx for hypokalemia be used?
K levels between 3.5-4
severe symptomatic pts
unable to tolerate oral treatment
asymptomatic pts
General rule of thumb: _________ K+ administered will raise SK by 0.1 mEq/L
10 mEq
5mEq
15mEq
20mEq
What is the most effective oral potassium supplement?
Potassium chloride
Potassium bicarbonate
Potassium phosphate
Dextrose is the best diluent for IV potassium
True
False
What is the maximum rate for IV potassium?
10mEq/hr
20mEq/hr
30mEq/hr
40mEq/hr
Potassium sparing diuretics are generally used
in addition to K supplementation
instead of K supplementation
What is the major cause of hyperkalemia?
renal insufficiency
insulin
loop diuretics
thiazide diuretics
High potassium levels, no symptoms, and other labs normal might be attributed to
Pseudohyperkalemia
Hemolysis of RBC in sample
Hyperkalemia
Hyperlipidemia
Cation exchange resins and loop diuretics can be used to treat
asymptomatic hyperkalemia
symptomatic hyperkalemia
severe hyperkalemia
Calcium gluconate can be used to block cardiac effects of potassium in
asymptomatic hyperkalemia
symptomatic hyperkalemia
severe hyperkalemia
A patient with hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia can be given ______ to shift K into the cells.
insulin alone
insulin and glucose
Which of the following is true for tx of hyperkalemia with albuterol?
directly causes intracellular potassium shift by activating Na/K ATP pump
activates beta-receptor in pancreas to release insulin
best used as monotherapy
generally given by IV
Magnesium is found mostly in
ECF
ICF
bone
Where does the majority of magnesium reabsorption occur?
Loop of Henle
PCT
DCT
Collecting Duct
Distribution between bone, circulation and intracellular Mg++ is controlled by hormonal regulation.
True
False
Hypomagnesemia is often seen in combination with
hypokalemia
hypocalcemia
hypernatremia
hyperphosphatemia
Asymptomatic patients of patients with SMg >1 can be treated with
oral antacids or laxatives
oral magnesium oxide
IV MgSO4
Reducing Mg intake, enhancing Mg elimination, and antagonizing the physiological effects of Mg are the 3 primary treatments of
hypermagnesemia
hyperkalemia
hypernatremia
hyperphosphatemia
