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Potassium & Magnesium - Heemer

Total questions: 25

Worksheet time: 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the most abundant cation?

a)

Sodium

b)

Potassium

c)

Magnesium

d)

Chloride

2.

Most of the bodies K is found in the extracellular fluid

a)

True

b)

False

3.

Which of the following is not a function of potassium

a)

Ratio of ICF:ECF K+ - determines resting membrane potentials

b)

Determinant of electrical action potential across membranes

c)

Cellular metabolism and growth

d)

Protein and glycogen synthesis

e)

Neuromuscular activity

4.

Which of the following may be the most important hormone in regards to potassium homeostasis?

a)

Insulin

b)

Catecholamines

c)

Aldosterone

5.

Potassium moves into cells and H is pumped out of the cells when alkalosis occurs.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

Hypokalemia usually occurs due to

a)

diuretics

b)

acidosis

c)

hyperosmolality

d)

hypermagnesemia

7.

A patient with hypokalemia due to hypomagnesemia should be treated for the hypokalemia before trying to correct the hypomagnesemia.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

When should IV tx for hypokalemia be used?

a)

K levels between 3.5-4

b)

severe symptomatic pts

c)

unable to tolerate oral treatment

d)

asymptomatic pts

9.

General rule of thumb: _________ K+ administered will raise SK by 0.1 mEq/L

a)

10 mEq

b)

5mEq

c)

15mEq

d)

20mEq

10.

What is the most effective oral potassium supplement?

a)

Potassium chloride

b)

Potassium bicarbonate

c)

Potassium phosphate

11.

Dextrose is the best diluent for IV potassium

a)

True

b)

False

12.

What is the maximum rate for IV potassium?

a)

10mEq/hr

b)

20mEq/hr

c)

30mEq/hr

d)

40mEq/hr

13.

Potassium sparing diuretics are generally used

a)

in addition to K supplementation

b)

instead of K supplementation

14.

What is the major cause of hyperkalemia?

a)

renal insufficiency

b)

insulin

c)

loop diuretics

d)

thiazide diuretics

15.

High potassium levels, no symptoms, and other labs normal might be attributed to

a)

Pseudohyperkalemia

b)

Hemolysis of RBC in sample

c)

Hyperkalemia

d)

Hyperlipidemia

16.

Cation exchange resins and loop diuretics can be used to treat

a)

asymptomatic hyperkalemia

b)

symptomatic hyperkalemia

c)

severe hyperkalemia

17.

Calcium gluconate can be used to block cardiac effects of potassium in

a)

asymptomatic hyperkalemia

b)

symptomatic hyperkalemia

c)

severe hyperkalemia

18.

A patient with hyperkalemia and hyperglycemia can be given ______ to shift K into the cells.

a)

insulin alone

b)

insulin and glucose

19.

Which of the following is true for tx of hyperkalemia with albuterol?

a)

directly causes intracellular potassium shift by activating Na/K ATP pump

b)

activates beta-receptor in pancreas to release insulin

c)

best used as monotherapy

d)

generally given by IV

20.

Magnesium is found mostly in

a)

ECF

b)

ICF

c)

bone

21.

Where does the majority of magnesium reabsorption occur?

a)

Loop of Henle

b)

PCT

c)

DCT

d)

Collecting Duct

22.

Distribution between bone, circulation and intracellular Mg++ is controlled by hormonal regulation.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

Hypomagnesemia is often seen in combination with

a)

hypokalemia

b)

hypocalcemia

c)

hypernatremia

d)

hyperphosphatemia

24.

Asymptomatic patients of patients with SMg >1 can be treated with

a)

oral antacids or laxatives

b)

oral magnesium oxide

c)

IV MgSO4

25.

Reducing Mg intake, enhancing Mg elimination, and antagonizing the physiological effects of Mg are the 3 primary treatments of

a)

hypermagnesemia

b)

hyperkalemia

c)

hypernatremia

d)

hyperphosphatemia