George Washington and Thomas Jefferson served in the ___.

Sir Edward Coke criticized King Charles I for failure to follow ___ in prosecuting people for crimes. King Charles had people imprisoned and took their property without fair trial. Coke stated that people had the right to trial by jury and protection from excessive or cruel punishment.

The ___ is the basis for the First, Second, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

___ is the rule over a single area by two or more levels of government.

During the ___ the British Parliament dismissed King James II and replaced him with William of Orange.

  The Magna Carta (Latin for "____") was forced on King John of England in 1215 by a group of Barons.

The _____ tradition refers to the influence of Judaism and Christianity on our culture and laws.

Complete the quote: "To no one will We sell, to no one will We deny or delay, right or ___." — The Magna Carta

_ wrote that even the king must obey the law.

The Founders of the United States saw the principles or equality under the law set forth in the Magna Carta as violated by ___ and used this to justify revolt against the crown.

Identify the source: "No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, disseised, outlawed, banished, or in any way destroyed, nor will We proceed against or prosecute him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land."

The founders of the United States modeled much of the government on the _____.

Sir Edward Coke wrote the ___ of 1628 to remind King Charles I that the rights of the English came from the law not from the king.

The ___ was the first elected legislature in the English-speaking colonies of the New World.

The founders of the United States did not trust classical democracy, seeing it as prone to ____, or overly emotional decisions made by the majority with little regard for the rights of the individual or minority.

Which of the following are levels of government in the United States?

The United States is a _, sometimes referred to as an indirect or representative democracy.

Montesquieu described the _ in his book The Spirit of the Laws.

Each _ of government has separate powers.

The separation of powers is intended to prevent any one person from gaining too much _.

The United States Congress is _, consisting of two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate.

_ (proposed laws) must be passed in each chamber to become law.

The _ of the United States is the head of the executive branch in this country.

The President has the _, a group of high-level officials, to assist in carrying out the laws.

Each member of the Cabinet heads a _ consisting of many smaller agencies and organizations.

The _ branch interprets the law and applies it in individual cases.

Under the English _ tradition, judges make law by setting precedent. Judges look back to previous decisions in similar cases to decide what to do in current cases.

The power of _ empowers the judicial branch to declare the acts of the other branches unconstitutional.

The system of _ is part of the separation of powers.

The House may_ and Senate remove the President, Supreme Court justices, and federal judges.

Federal judges and Supreme Court justices are appointed by the President and confirmed by the _.

The President is not directly elected by citizens. The voters elect the members of the _ which then elects the President.

_ is the idea that government should be based on the consent of the governed.

Since the Great Depression the relationship is mainly_, with state and local government dependent on financial aid from the federal government.

Although the government responds to the will of the majority it must also consider the _.

_, not bullets, are used to overthrow unpopular officials in the United States.

The United States has a written _ that functions as the highest law and describes the branches of government.

The _ branch makes laws.

The _ branch enforces, or carries out, the laws.

The legislative branch _ law.

Each branch has powers that would limit the powers of the other branches. We call this the system of _.

Voltaire fought for _, such as the right to a fair trial, free speech, and the freedom of religion.

a form of government where the monarch rules unhindered, i.e., without any laws, constitution, or legally organized opposition.

a condition of lawlessness or political disorder brought about by the absence of governmental authority.

a government in which the supreme power is lodged in the hands of a monarch who reigns over a state or territory, usually for life and by hereditary right; the monarch may be either a sole absolute ruler or a sovereign - such as a king, queen, or prince - with constitutionally limited authority.

similar to a monarchy, but a government in which the supreme power is in the hands of a sultan (the head of a Muslim state); the sultan may be an absolute ruler or a sovereign with constitutionally limited authority.

the theory and practice of Marxism-Leninism developed in China by Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung), which states that a continuous revolution is necessary if the leaders of a communist state are to keep in touch with the people.

a government in which control is exercised by a small group of individuals whose authority generally is based on wealth or power.

a form of government in which state authority is imposed onto many aspects of citizens' lives.

a nation, state, or other political entity founded on law and united by a compact of the people for the common good.

a system of government in which the state plans and controls the economy and a single - often authoritarian - party holds power; state controls are imposed with the elimination of private ownership of property or capital while claiming to make progress toward a higher social order in which all goods are equally shared by the people (i.e., a classless society).

a union by compact or treaty between states, provinces, or territories, that creates a central government with limited powers; the constituent entities retain supreme authority over all matters except those delegated to the central government.

an expanded form of communism developed by Lenin from doctrines of Karl Marx; Lenin saw imperialism as the final stage of capitalism and shifted the focus of workers' struggle from developed to underdeveloped countries.

a government by or operating under an authoritative document (constitution) that sets forth the system of fundamental laws and principles that determines the nature, functions, and limits of that government.

the political, economic, and social principles espoused by 19th century economist Karl Marx; he viewed the struggle of workers as a progression of historical forces that would proceed from a class struggle of the proletariat (workers) exploited by capitalists (business owners), to a socialist "dictatorship of the proletariat," to, finally, a classless society - Communism.

a government that seeks to subordinate the individual to the state by controlling not only all political and economic matters, but also the attitudes, values, and beliefs of its population.

a form of government in which the sovereign power of the people is spelled out in a governing constitution.

a system of government in which a monarch is guided by a constitution whereby his/her rights, duties, and responsibilities are spelled out in written law or by custom.

a form of government in which the supreme power is retained by the people, but which is usually exercised indirectly through a system of representation and delegated authority periodically renewed.

a state in which the supreme power rests in the body of citizens entitled to vote for officers and representatives responsible to them.

similar to a monarchy or sultanate, but a government in which the supreme power is in the hands of an emir (the ruler of a Muslim state); the emir may be an absolute overlord or a sovereign with constitutionally limited authority.

a form of government in which sovereign power is formally divided - usually by means of a constitution - between a central authority and a number of constituent regions (states, colonies, or provinces) so that each region retains some management of its internal affairs; differs from a confederacy in that the central government exerts influence directly upon both individuals as well as upon the regional units.

a government in which the means of planning, producing, and distributing goods is controlled by a central government that theoretically seeks a more just and equitable distribution of property and labor; in actuality, most socialist governments have ended up being no more than dictatorships over workers by a ruling elite.

a state in which the powers of the central government are restricted and in which the component parts (states, colonies, or provinces) retain a degree of self-government; ultimate sovereign power rests with the voters who chose their governmental representatives.

a particular form of government adopted by some Muslim states; although such a state is, in theory, a theocracy, it remains a republic, but its laws are required to be compatible with the laws of Islam.

a political system in which the legislature (parliament) selects the government - a prime minister, premier, or chancellor along with the cabinet ministers - according to party strength as expressed in elections; by this system, the government acquires a dual responsibility: to the people as well as to the parliament.

a system of government where the executive branch exists separately from a legislature (to which it is generally not accountable).

a representative democracy in which the people's elected deputies (representatives), not the people themselves, vote on legislation.