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Nucleic Acids & Protein Synthesis Review (RS 7)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The ribosomes are located in the area of the cell called the cytoplasm.

a)

true

b)

false

2.

If the DNA strand is ATAGC, what will the complementary mRNA be?

a)

ATAGC

b)

TATCG

c)

UAUCG

d)

AUAGC

3.

In DNA, the enzyme that aids in the formation of sugar-to-phosphate bonds is...

a)

helicase

b)

RNA polymerase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

catalase

4.

The enzyme that causes DNA to unzip is...

a)

helicase

b)

RNA polymerase

c)

DNA polymerase

d)

catalase

5.

Transcription must occur to keep the amount of DNA constant in all cells.

a)

true

b)

false

6.

DNA replication must occur to keep the amount of DNA constant in all cells.

a)

true

b)

false

7.

A single ring of DNA in bacteria is...

a)

cilia

b)

flagellum

c)

plasmid

d)

purine

8.

A (a)   is the monomer that forms both DNA and RNA.

9.

Who contributed to the understanding of DNA by producing images of DNA molecules using X-rays?

a)

Rosalind Franklin

b)

Watson & Crick

c)

Neil deGrasse Tyson

d)

Gregor Mendel

10.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
11.

Which two scientists figured out that the shape of a DNA molecule is a double helix?

a)
Watson and Crick
b)
Wilkins and Franklin
c)
Wilkins and Crick
d)
Watson and Franklin
12.
If a DNA molecule consists of 29% Guanine, how much cytosine will it contain?
a)
29%
b)
58%
c)
21%
d)
I have no idea.
13.
A long chain of amino acids is a/an
a)
protein
b)
nucleic acid
c)
tRNA
d)
mRNA
14.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
15.
Replicate the following strand of DNA: 
AATCATGGA
a)
AATCATGGA
b)
TTAGTACCT
c)
UUAGUACCU
d)
GGATAUCUA
16.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
17.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
18.
RNA contains the sugar
a)
ribose
b)
deoxyribose
c)
glucose
d)
lactose
19.

In what process is mRNA synthesized from DNA?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

20.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

21.

How many codons equals 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

22.

How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

23.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

24.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

25.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
26.
How many base pairs would be needed to chain together 3 amino acids?
a)
3
b)
6
c)
9
d)
12
27.

RNA is different from DNA in 3 ways. Which of these is NOT one of those?

a)

Has a different phosphate group

b)

Has a different sugar

c)

Has a different nitrogen base

d)

Is smaller than DNA

28.

Why do cells need to do translation?

a)

to make proteins

b)

so new cells can have a copy of the DAN

c)

to get the information out of the nucleus

29.

What is the name of the category of base molecules that contain double rings of carbon and nitrogen atom?

a)

plasmids

b)

pyrimidines

c)

nucleotides

d)

purines

30.

DNA is located in the area of the cell called the cytoplasm.

a)

true

b)

false

31.

Which of the following bases are pyrimidine bases?

a)

adenine

b)

guanine

c)

uracil

d)

thymine

e)

cytosine

32.

Which of the following bases are purine bases?

a)

adenine

b)

guanine

c)

uracil

d)

thymine

e)

cytosine

33.

When a piece of DNA is missing, genetic information is...

(a)  

34.

Which of the following ingredients would be found in an RNA nucleotide?

a)

phosphate group

b)

ribose

c)

deoxyribose

d)

adenine

e)

uracil

35.

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules...

a)

each with two original strands

b)

each with one original strand and one new strand

c)

each with two new strands

d)

one with two new strands and the other with two original strands

36.

Genetic Engineering is the science of introducing old genetic information into cells to obtain specific traits.

a)

true

b)

false

37.

Suppose that all of the ribosomes in a cell were destroyed. How would this most likely affect the process of gene expression?

a)

The amino acids would not be joined to form a protein.

b)

The tRNA molecules would bind to the wrong amino acids.

c)

The cell would be unable to form mRNA strands.

d)

The DNA double strand would be unable to separate.

38.

Which pair consists of terms that represent equivalent units of information?

a)

chromosome: protein

b)

codon: DNA

c)

gene: polypeptide

d)

nucleotide: amino acid

39.

From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?

(a)  

40.

Several different codons can specify the same amino acid.

a)

true

b)

false

41.

Some amino acids have no link to a codon.

a)

true

b)

false

42.

_____ is the type of RNA that brings information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell.

a)

rRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

mRNA

43.

Phosphate groups, adenine, guanine, and cytosine are found in both DNA and RNA.

a)

true

b)

false

44.

Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most organisms?

a)

RNA to protein to DNA

b)

DNA to RNA to protein

c)

protein to DNA to RNA

d)

RNA to DNA to protein

45.

Which ones enclose their DNA in a nucleus. Check all boxes that apply.

a)

viruses

b)

bacteria

c)

prokaryotes

d)

eukaryotes

46.

Which of the following statements are true? Check all boxes that apply.

a)

DNA is double stranded

b)

RNA is single stranded

c)

RNA contains uracil

d)

DNA contains thymine

47.

Which type of RNA transports amino acids and lines them up in the correct order?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

48.

Which type of RNA is the binding force that enters the ribosome?

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

49.

The ___ signals the beginning of the protein.

a)

promoter sequence

b)

primer

c)

start codon

d)

activation codon

50.

Which of the following best describes what happens during gene expression?

a)

the nucleus of a cell builds cellular proteins based on the sequence of the mRNA code

b)

a cell reads the instructions in DNA and builds a protein based on these instructions

c)

a gene is copied many times so that all of a cell's daughter cells will have their own copy

d)

a single gene leaves the nucleus of a cell and travels through the cytoplasm to the membrane

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