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Hypertension, IHD

Total questions: 10

Worksheet time: 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A 52-year-old male had a long history of hypertension. He presented to the emergency care physician with complaints of an acute, persisted for a few hours rise of blood pressure. What is the most likely alteration of the arterioles‟ walls due to the hypertonic crisis?

a)

Fibrinous necrosis

b)

Hyalinosis

c)

Sclerosis

d)

Amyloidosis

2.

An elderly male, with 20 years history of hypertension, died from uremia. An autopsy revealed heart hypertrophy and diffuse cardiosclerosis. There were also small, dense kidneys with a granularity of their surface. Histological investigation of kidneys tissue showed the collapse of glomerular‟s arterioles and sclerosis. Some glomeruli were replaced with pinkish homogenous masses, negative to the Kongored staining. Tubules were atrophic. Name the kidney pathology?

a)

Amyloidosis

b)

Primary-scarring kidneys

c)

Chronic pyelonephritis

d)

Chronic glomerulonephritis

3.

A 63-years-old patient, with a history of hypertensive disease, died from cardiac insufficiency. At autopsy, the heart enlargement and dilated ventricular cavities were revealed. Microscopical investigation showed marked hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, with their fatty dystrophy and hyperchromic barrel-like nuclei. What pathological process is the most likely in a heart?

a)

Angiogenic cardiosclerosis

b)

Concentric hypertrophy

c)

Myocarditis

d)

Eccentric hypertrophy

4.

An autopsy of a 58-year-old female revealed in the myocardium a large, dense, grey focus, which histologically consisted of the rough connective tissue fibers. It was surrounded by hypertrophied muscular fibers. What changes arose up in a heart?

a)

Myocarditis

b)

Postinfarction cardiosclerosis

c)

Diffuse cardiosclerosis

d)

Necrotic stage of myocardial infarction

5.

A 32-year-old man suddenly died during the emotionally strained work. An autopsy revealed uneven myocardium blood supply. The histochemical investigation detected a decrease in the amount of glycogen. The electron-microscopical study showed the destruction of mitochondria, the contractures of myofibrils. What is the most likely disorder of blood circulation?

a)

Acute ischemia

b)

Chronic ischemia

c)

Acute vein hyperemi

d)

Vacating arterial hyperemia

6.

A 36-year-old man, with acute transmural infarction of the left ventricle‟s myocardium, died from the rupture of the heart and tamponade. What process could be a reason for the heart rupture in the zone of infarction?

a)

Rising of blood pressure in the small circulatory circle

b)

Scar formation with thinning of wall of the left ventricle

c)

Autolysis with melting of myocardium fabric (myomalacia)

d)

Substitution of connective fabric in area of infarction (organization)

7.

A patient developed substernal pains at 7 a.m. He presented at the Emergency Department at 8 a.m., where an electrocardiograph investigation revealed a myocardial infarction. Ten minutes later he died. What most reliable morphological sign of myocardium infarction would be found at histological investigation after the autopsy?

a)

Weakening of myofibril of myocardial cells

b)

Necrosis of myocardial cells

c)

Fatty infiltration of myocardial cells

d)

Disappearance of glycogen in myocardial cells

8.

Examination of coronary arteries revealed atherosclerotic calcified plaques closing vessel lumen by 1/3. The muscle has multiple whitish layers of connective tissue. What process was revealed in the myocardium?

a)

Myocardium infarction

b)

Diffusive cardiosclerosis

c)

Tiger heart

d)

Postinfarction cardiosclerosis

9.

A 56-year-old patient presented to the hospital with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. A diagnosis was confirmed by the EKG and laboratory tests. For the 5th day, the condition acutely worsened. A progressive cardiac insufficiency resulted in the patient‟s death. A dissection confirmed the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, complicated by the heart‟s wall rupture and tamponade of the pericardium. What process developed in the area of myocardial infarction?

a)

Aseptic autolysis

b)

Organization

c)

Encapsulation

d)

Petrification

10.

A 58-year-old male, with a history of hypertensive disease, developed a long attack of substernal pain. The infarction of the myocardium was diagnosed. A patient died soon. An autopsy revealed flabby myocardium with uneven blood filling. Histological and histochemical examinations showed the disappearance of glycogen granules and decreased activity of oxidizing enzymes. What stage of myocardial infarction was presented in that case?

a)

Organization

b)

Recurrent myocardial infarction

c)

Ischemic stage

d)

Acute relapsing myocardial infarction