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Muscle Physiology Review

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How do muscles produce movement?

a)

Muscles contract by pushing bones

b)

Muscles contract by pulling bones

c)

Muscles contract by pushing and pulling bones

d)

Muscles do not produce movement

2.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

a)

Maintain posture

b)

Stabilize joints

c)

Generate heat

d)

Filter toxins and excess waste from blood

3.

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?

a)

Smooth

b)

Rough

c)

Cardiac

d)

Skeletal

4.

TRUE OR FALSE: Every muscle is its own organ with its own blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues.

a)

True

b)

False

5.

Which of the following is the correct order of muscle structures going from largest to smallest

a)

Muscle --> Muscle fascicles --> Muscle fibers --> Myofibrils --> Sarcomeres

b)

Sarcomeres --> Myofibrils --> Muscle fibers --> Muscle fascicles --> Muscles

c)

Muscle --> Muscle fibers --> Muscle fascicles --> Sarcomeres --> Myofibrils

d)

Muscle fibers --> Muscle fascicles --> Muscle --> Myofibrils --> Sarcomeres

6.

Which of the following is also known as a muscle cell?

a)

Muscle

b)

Myofibril

c)

Sarcomere

d)

Muscle fiber

7.

Which connective tissue wraps around the entire outside of the muscle?

a)

Perimysium

b)

Epimysium

c)

Endomysium

8.

Which connective tissue wraps around the entire outside of each fascicle?

a)

Perimysium

b)

Epimysium

c)

Endomysium

9.

Which connective tissue wraps around the entire outside of each muscle fiber?

a)

Perimysium

b)

Epimysium

c)

Endomysium

10.

Which structure is A? (Hint: largest structure)

a)

Muscle

b)

Epimysium

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Myofibril

11.

Which structure is B?

a)

Muscle

b)

Epimysium

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Myofibril

12.

Which structure is C? (hint: whole bundle)

a)

Muscle fiber

b)

Fascicle

c)

Epimysium

d)

Perimysium

13.

Which structure is D? (hint: tissue)

a)

Muscle fiber

b)

Fascicle

c)

Epimysium

d)

Perimysium

14.

Which structure is E?

a)

Muscle fiber

b)

Fascicle

c)

Epimysium

d)

Perimysium

15.

Which structure is F? (hint: tissue)

a)

Muscle fiber

b)

Endomysium

c)

Epimysium

d)

Perimysium

16.

Which structure is G?

a)

Muscle fiber

b)

Endomysium

c)

Sarcomere

d)

Perimysium

17.

Which structure is H?

a)

Muscle fiber

b)

Myofibril

c)

Sarcomere

d)

Perimysium

18.

Which structure is I?

a)

Myosin

b)

Myofibril

c)

Sarcomere

d)

Actin

19.

Which structure is J?

a)

Myosin

b)

Myofibril

c)

Sarcomere

d)

Actin

20.

A flat, sheetlike fibrous tissue that connects muscle or bone to other tissues

a)

muscle fiber

b)

fascicle

c)

sarcolemma

d)

aponeurosis

e)

agonist

21.

The ability to contract or shorten

a)

agonist

b)

antagonist

c)

contractility

d)

extensibility

e)

irritability

22.

The ability to be stretched

a)

agonist

b)

antagonist

c)

contractility

d)

extensibility

e)

irritability

23.

A type of contraction that results in the shortening of a muscle

a)

concentric

b)

eccentric

c)

isometric

d)

peristalsis

e)

agonist

24.

A type of contraction accompanied by the lengthening of a muscle

a)

concentric

b)

eccentric

c)

isometric

d)

peristalsis

e)

agonist

25.

A type of contraction that involves no change in muscle length

a)

concentric

b)

eccentric

c)

isometric

d)

peristalsis

e)

agonist

26.

A wave of symmetrical squeezing of the digestive tract walls that occurs during digestion

a)

concentric

b)

eccentric

c)

isometric

d)

peristalsis

e)

agonist

27.

Which of the following muscle types is involuntary?

a)

Skeletal

b)

Smooth

c)

Cardiac

28.

About how many muscles are there on the body?

a)

350

b)

450

c)

550

d)

650

29.

the functional contractile unit within a muscle fiber is called the

a)

sarcomere

b)

fascia

c)

sarcoplasm

d)

tendon

30.

the cordlike connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone is called

a)

a tendon

b)

a ligament

c)

a sarcomere

d)

a fascicle

31.

the cytoplasm of a muscle cell is called the

a)

myosin

b)

actin

c)

fascia

d)

sarcoplasm

32.

Structure B is known as the thin filaments of the sarcomere, what is another name for the thin filaments?

a)

myosin

b)

actin

c)

fascia

d)

myofibril

33.

Structure C is known as the thick filament of the sarcomere, it is also known as

a)

myosin

b)

actin

c)

fascia

d)

myofibrils

34.

Structure A is on either side of the sarcomere, it is called the

a)

A band

b)

I band

c)

Z disc

d)

fascia

35.

The unit between A and A is called

a)

a sarcomere

b)

The I band

c)

the Z disc

d)

fascia

36.

The heads of the myosin filaments are called ___ when they link the thin and thin filaments together

a)

Connections

b)

Cross-connections

c)

Cross-bridges

d)

Power stroke

37.

What is the function of Ca++ during a skeletal muscle contraction?

a)

Connecting to nebulin

b)

Connecting to tropomyosin

c)

Connection to myosin

d)

Connecting to troponin

38.

The protein that covers the binding site on actin when a muscle is relaxed is called

a)

Troponin

b)

Nebulin

c)

Tropomyosin

d)

Myosin

39.

The A band contains which type of filaments

a)

Only thick

b)

Only thin

c)

Both thick and thin

40.

Which of the following occurs When ATP binds to the myosin head?

a)

Myosin head detaches from actin

b)

Myosin head forms cross-bridge

c)

Myosin undergoes power stroke

d)

Myosin releases calcium

41.

Which of the following decreases during muscle contraction?

a)

M line

b)

A band

c)

H zone

d)

Z line

42.

Ca++ will be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum when

a)

the action potential reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

ATP binds to sarcoplasmic reticulum

c)

Acetylcholine enters the synaptic cleft

d)

Action potential travels along T tubules

43.

The power stroke will occur when

a)

ATP binds to the myosin head

b)

The myosin head hydrolyses ATP into ADP and Pi

c)

The myosin head releases Pi

d)

The myosin head releases ADP

44.
What zone/band of the sarcomere is represented by light brown.
a)
I Zone/Band
b)
A Zone/Band
c)
H Zone/Band
d)
M Zone/Band
45.
What zone/band of the sarcomere is represented by pink.
a)
I Zone/Band
b)
A Zone/Band
c)
H Zone/Band
d)
M Zone/Band
46.
What happens to the Z lines during a sarcomere contraction?
a)
It disappears
b)
gets closer together
c)
It gets bigger
d)
None of these
47.

What starts a muscle contraction?

a)

Release of Calcium Ions

b)

Attachment of Myosin-Heads

c)

An Action Potential

d)

Release of ADP

48.

What binds to the Myosin Head to cause it to detach from the Actin?

a)

ATP

b)

ADP

c)

CNS

d)

ETC

49.

What causes the muscle to stop contracting?

a)

Lack of effort

b)

Myosin-Heads fail to attach

c)

Calcium Ions are pumped away

d)

Muscle fibre tears

50.

Higher Questioning: Whats happens to the A band during contraction?

a)

It grows in size

b)

It stays the same

c)

It shrinks in size

51.

Higher Questioning: Do the lengths of the thick and thin filaments change during contraction?

a)

Yes

b)

No

52.
Region where a motor neuron comes in close contact with a muscle cell.
a)
neurotransmitter
b)
muscular dystrophy
c)
muscle tension
d)
neuromuscular junction
53.
The gap between a neuron and a muscle cell: (#4 in the diagram)
a)
synaptic cleft
b)
sarcolemma
c)
vesicle
d)
Ca2+ ion
54.
The neurotransmitter stored in the axon terminal identified as #3
a)
Acetylcholine
b)
Protein Channel
c)
Calcium Ion (Ca2+)
d)
Syanptic Cleft
55.
The organelle that stores ACh in the axon is identified as #4
a)
Motor Neuron
b)
Axon Terminal of Motor Neuron
c)
Sarcolemma
d)
 Vesicle
56.

Direct phosphorylation uses this as its main energy source

a)

creatine phosphate

b)

glucose

c)

lactic acid

d)

pyruvic acid

57.

Direct phosphorylation energy lasts approximately

a)

15 seconds

b)

hours

c)

30-60 seconds

d)

as long as the muscle is contracting

58.

Aerobic respiration uses this as its main energy source

a)

creatine phosphate

b)

glucose

c)

lactic acid

d)

pyruvic acid

59.

Aerobic respiration occurs here

a)

mitochondria

b)

cytoplasm

c)

muscle

d)

blood stream

60.

Muscle fatigue is...

a)

when the muscle is unable to contract

b)

when you are too tired to exercise

c)

when the muscle is contracted more than 30 secondsd

d)

when O2 comes from direct phosphorylation

61.

What is the correlation between muscle fatigue and oxygen debt?

a)

When O2 decreases, muscle fatigue increases

b)

When O2 increases, muscle fatigue decreases

c)

When O2 is obtained, muscle fatigue decreases

d)

The lesser the oxygen debt, the lesser the muscle fatige

62.

What is the correlation between lactic acid, ATP, and muscle contractions?

a)

increase in lactic acid, decrease ATP, decrease in muscle contraction

b)

increase in lactic acid, decrease ATP, increase in muscle contraction

c)

increase in lactic acid, increase in ATP, decrease in muscle contraction

d)

increase in lactic acid, increase in ATP, increase in muscle contraction

63.

Oxygen debt is paid back when...

a)

during exercise

b)

before exercise

c)

after exercise

d)

body reaches homeostasis

64.

The all-or-none response means

a)

all of the muscles in a region contract together

b)

all of the muscle fibers within a muscle contract together

c)

when a muscle fiber contracts, it contracts completely

d)

when a muscle fiber contracts, all of its ATP is changed to ADP

65.

Muscle fatigue is most likely due to an accumulation of

a)

citric acid

b)

lactic acid

c)

creatine

d)

myosin

66.
enzyme that breaks down the muscle cell neurotransmitter and ends the impulse
a)
lactase
b)
sucrase
c)
lipase
d)
acetylcholinterase

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