Heat is produced in the body by breathing, exercise, and elimination of urine.

Body temperature is usually higher in the morning.

A clinical thermometer should be left in position for three to five minutes for an oral or rectal temperature.

An aural thermometer detects and measures the thermal, infrared energy radiating from blood vessels in the tympanic membrane.

The oral mode on an aural thermometer is usually used for infants up to three years of age.

A temporal temperature measures the temperature in the temporal artery of the forehead.

A temporal temperature is similar to a rectal temperature because it measures the temperature inside the body or blood stream.

Hyperthermia is a low body temperature.

A rectal clinical thermometer usually is marked with a red tip and has a long, slender bulb.

Electronic thermometers should be left in place for three to five minutes to record temperature accurately.

If a clinical thermometer breaks, the mercury can evaporate and create toxic vapor that can harm both humans and the environment.

To avoid touching the mercury from a broken thermometer, use a vacuum cleaner to clean up the mercury.

If a person drinks cold water, wait at least 30 minutes before taking an oral temperature.

Pull the ear pinna straight back on an adult before inserting the probe for a tympanic temperature.

Any type of head covering or resting the head on a pillow will cause the temporal temperature reading to be

lower than the actual temperature.

Pulse is defined as the pressure of the blood pushing against the wall of a vein as the heart beats and rests.

A pulse rate below 60 beats per minute is bradycardia.

Words such as strong or weak describe the rhythm of pulse.

An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm, usually caused by defective heart valves.

Having the forearm rest on the chest makes it easier to count respirations after taking a pulse.

One respiration consists of one inspiration

and one expiration.

Respirations above 25 breaths per minute in an adult are orthopnea.

Respirations must be counted in such a way that the patient is unaware of the procedure.

A sphygmomanometer is used to take an apical pulse.

An apical pulse is frequently taken on infants or small children.

The earpieces of the stethoscope should be bent forward when they are placed in the cars.

A pulse deficit frequently occurs when the heart is weak and not pumping a sufficient amount of blood.

For the most accurate determination of a pulse deficit, one person should check the apical pulse while a

second person checks the radial pulse.

Each "lubb-dupp" sound in the heart should be counted as two beats while taking an apical pulse.

The earpieces and bell or diaphragm of the stethoscope should be cleaned with alcohol before and after using

the stethoscope.

Hypertension is indicated when pressures are greater than 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic.

Diastolic pressure occurs when the heart is contracting and pushing blood into the arteries.

A mercury sphygmomanometer must always be placed on a flat, level surface or mounted on a wall.

A patient should sit quietly for at least five minutes before blood pressure is taken.

The American Heart Association recommends that two separate blood pressure readings be taken and

averaged.

A sphygmomanometer cuff that is too wide or too narrow will give inaccurate blood pressure readings.

The sphygmomanometer cuff should be positioned directly over the antecubital area.

Blood pressure is recorded as a fraction with the diastolic pressure listed over the systolic pressure.

Many health care professionals are now regarding the degree of pain as the fifth vital sign.

Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a sudden drop in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure

when a person moves quicklv from a standing to a sitting position.

If hypertension is not treated, it can lead to stroke, kidney disease, and/or heart disease.

The measurement of the balance between heat produced and heat lost is

The constant state of fluid balance is

The most accurate method for taking a temperature is

Which of the following does not lead to increased body temperature?

Before a glass clinical thermometer is used, it should be soaked in a disinfectant for a minimum of

A pulse site at the neck is the

The pulse site used while taking a blood pressure is

A pulse is described as regular or irregular by its

A pulse rate over 100 beats per minute, except in children, is

Which of the following is not considered one of the four main vital signs?

Difficult or labored respirations are

Cheyne-Stokes respiration describes

Why are vital signs recorded on a graphic record?

Heart sounds are caused by

Constant pressure in the walls of the arteries is

A factor that does not increase blood pressure is

Another term for fever is

Difficult breathing with a high-pitched whistling or sighing sound during expiration is

Prehypertension occurs when

Which of the following statements is not the correct way to measure blood pressure?