WorksheetsMedicine, Module 1, PC1, Assesment 2
Total questions: 124
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Adenoviruses are a fami ly of highly contagious viruses that most commonly cause illnesses of the respiratory system, such as bro nchitis or pneumon ia. In the first phase of an adenovirus infection, the host cell expresses several viral prote ins. One of these proteins, E1B-55k, inhibits the activity of the host protein p53, a tumor suppressor that arreststhe cell cycle or induces apoptosis when DNA damage is detected<br />Select one:
a)
E1B-55k increases the likel ihood of cell cycle arrest in infected cells
b)
E1B-55k causes infected cells to transitionout of the cell cycle and into G_O phase
c)
E1B-SSk causes infected cells to undergo programmed cell death
d)
E1B-55k decreases the likelihood of apoptosis in infected cells
2.
Which one is not synovial joint Select one:
a)
Condyloid
b)
Sadd le
c)
Suture
d)
Pivot
3.
Review of a series of surgical pathology reports indicates that a certain type of neoplasm is diagnosed as grade I on a scale of I to IV. Clinically, some of the patients with this neoplasm are found to have stage I disease. Which of the following is the best interpretation of a neoplasm with these designations?<br />Select one:
a)
It may spread via blood streamor lymphatics
b)
Unlikelyto be malignant
c)
It arises from the epithelium
d)
Well-differentiated and localized
4.
Which of the following is true about high frequency probe Select one:
a)
Used for trans fontanel ultrasound in infants
b)
None of the above
c)
It is preferred for its better penetration
d)
Has limited role for endo-luminal study
e)
Has high spatial resolution for deep seated structures
5.
Cell-Derived chemical mediators of inflammation can be produced by Select one:
a)
All
b)
Endothel ial Cells
c)
<br />Tissue macrophages
d)
<br />Mast Cells
6.
A 22-year-old woman goes to her physician for a routine examination. A palpable nodule is found in the right lobe of her thyroid gland. No lymphadenopathy is noted. A chest x-ray shows no masses. A fine needle aspirate of the nodule is performed and cytologic examination reveals cells present consistent with a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. There are no other family members affected by this disorder. She is a college student at St. Paul Medical College and still single. Which of the following findings would you consider most relevant in her past history to indicate a risk factor for this neoplasm?<br />Select one:
a)
Ataxia telangiectasia
b)
Radiation therapy in childhood
c)
Chronic alcoholism
d)
Occupational exposure
7.
Which bone participate in the formation of appendicular skeleton Select one:
a)
Hip bone
b)
Vertebra
c)
Hyoid bone
d)
Ribs
8.
Benign tumor of fibrous tissue is called Select one:
a)
Fibroadenoma
b)
Fibrous dysplasia
c)
Fibroma
d)
Fibrosarcoma
9.
Which one of the following is not true about x-rays Select one:
a)
Bone, metallic objects appear white on radiographs<br />
b)
All
c)
Fat and soft tissues attenuate intermed iate amounts of the x-ray beam, resulting in proportiona l degrees of image blackening
d)
Air appears white on radiographs
e)
Air Attenuates very little of the x-ray beam
10.
Loss-of-function' mutations in carcinogenesis occur in Select one:
a)
Genes that encode molecules involved in signal transduction and associated growth factors
b)
All
c)
Tumor suppressor genes
d)
Proto-oncogenes
11.
Which one is correct about spongy bone tissue Select one:
a)
It is an area with numerous interconnecting cavitie
b)
<br />It forms the outer sheet of a bone
c)
It is very hard and dense<br />
d)
It contains cylinders of calcified bone known as osteons or Haversion system
12.
Neuron Jack makes an excitatory synaptic contact on neuron Bob's soma. Neuron Jane also makes an excitatory synaptic contact on neuron Bob's soma. Given that Jack and Jane both activate their synapses simultaneous ly, what are you most likely to see in neuron Bob when recording from its soma?<br />Select one:
a)
Bob might display an excitatory postsynaptic potentia l with spatial summation
b)
Bob will generate an excitator y postsynaptic potential that is temporally summated
c)
Bob might dis pla y both an excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials.
d)
Bob might display an excitatory postsynaptic potent ial without summation
13.
Which one of the following is a local factor which may interfere with the process of wound healing? Select one:
a)
Anemia
b)
Wound site infection
c)
lmmunosuppression
d)
Malnutrition
14.
An injection of atropine causes all the following effects except: Select one:
a)
Pupillo-dilatation
b)
Difficult micturition
c)
Constriction of the bronchi
d)
An increase in the heart rate
15.
True about CT and MRI Select one:
a)
Both enablesimage to be reformatted in sagittal coronal and oblique planes
b)
All
c)
Both has comparable soft tissue contrast
d)
Both gives cross-secitonal image
e)
Both uses x-ray attenuation characteristics of tissue
16.
Select the false statement regarding meiosis II Select one:
a)
Crossing over occurs
b)
It is not reductional division
c)
None
d)
Sister chromatids are separated with centromere separation
17.
Which one the following characteirstics of stem cell are found epidermal layers Select one:
a)
Stratum lucidum
b)
Stratum basale
c)
Stratum granulosum
d)
Stratum corneum
18.
Alpha adrenergic receptor stimulation produces all the following, EXCEPT: Select one:
a)
Inhibition of the gastrointestinal motility
b)
Contraction of the dilator pupillae muscle
c)
Inhibition of gastro- intestinal sphincters
d)
Contraction of the piloerector muscle
19.
Hip joint is an example of Select one:
a)
Inhibition of the gastrointestinal motility<br />Contraction of the dilator pupillae muscle
b)
Inhibition of gastro- intestinal sphincters
c)
Contraction of the piloerector muscle
20.
The tumor suppressor retinoblastoma protein inhibits progression of unrepaired cell from phase to phase Select one:
a)
None
b)
G1- phase to S-phase
c)
5-p hase to M-phase
d)
5-phase to G2-phase
21.
Benign tumors Select one:
a)
Have usually a well-defined capsule
b)
Have distant metastasis
c)
Are locally invasive
d)
Are poorly differentiated
22.
In normal health muscle, which of the following is does not occur as a result of propagation of action potential to the terminal membrane of motor neuron? Select one:
a)
Opening of voltage gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane
b)
Depolarization of T- tubules membrane follows
c)
Always results in the muscle contraction
d)
Decrease in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in the motor neuron terminal
23.
In normal health muscle, which of the following is does not occur as a result of propagation of action potential to the terminal membrane of motor neuron? Select one:
a)
Opening of voltage gated Ca 2+ channels in the presynaptic membrane
b)
Depolarization of T- tubules membrane follows
c)
Always results in the muscle contraction
d)
Decrease in intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in the motor neuron terminal
24.
Kaleab visits a neurologist because of weakness in his legs that improves over the course of the day. After neurological diagnosis his result shows low frequency electrical stimulation of the motor neuron which elicits an abnormally small depolarization of the muscle fibers. The amplitude of the depolarization is increased after exercise. Based on these findings, which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's leg weakness?<br />Select one:
a)
Impaired presynaptic voltage-sensitive Ca++ influx
b)
Inhibition of Ca++ re-uptake into the sarcoplasmicreticulum
c)
Blockade of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors
d)
Acetylcholinesterasedeficiency
25.
The foetal period of intrauterine life begins at _ weeks after LNMP Select one:
a)
8
b)
10
c)
9
d)
11
26.
Which grouping of terms is appropriate?<br />Select one:
a)
Hypodermis, ectoderm, adipose tissue
b)
Epidermis, ectoderm, stratified squamous epithelium
c)
Dermis, endoderm, vascular tissue
d)
Mesoderm, stratified squamous epithel ium, epidermis
27.
Which of the following is true about enteric nervous system? Select one:
a)
Submucosal plexus control intestinal peristalsis
b)
None of them are true
c)
Innervate cardiac muscle
d)
Arise from the brain or spinal cord
e)
Myenteric plexus regulate the releaseof secretionsfrom gastrointestinal glands
28.
The bone cell which is derived from monocyte is Select one:
a)
Osteoclasts cell
b)
Osteo progenitor cell
c)
Osteo blasts cell
d)
Osteocytes cell
29.
Parkinson's disease is a disease that is associated with the lossof neurons containing a specific catecholamine (amine) neurotransmitter. What is this neurotransmitter?<br />Select one:
a)
GABA
b)
Acetylcholine
c)
Glutamate
d)
Dopamine
30.
Which layer of the blood vessels consists of a simple squamous endothelium? Select one:
a)
The tunica adventitia
b)
The tunica intima
c)
The tunica media
d)
None
31.
The process of carcino genesis usually begins with:<br />Select one:
a)
Exposure to promoters causing dysplasia
b)
A single exposure to a known risk factor causing temporary cell damage
c)
An irreversible change in the cell DNA
d)
Development of defective genes
32.
Malignant tumor arising from the epithelium & forming glands is called Select one:<br />
a)
Adenoma
b)
Fibroadenoma
c)
Adenocarcinoma
d)
Adenosarcoma
33.
It is false that the epidermis Select one:
a)
Gives rise to sebaceous and sweat glands
b)
Is distinctly stratif ied
c)
Contains melanin and keratin
d)
Is highly vascular
34.
Which of the following mechanisms allows the membrane potentia l to go back to its resting value when the membrane potential is at the peak of the action potential?<br />Select one:
a)
Opening of neurotransmitter (ligand) -gated potassium channels
b)
Opening of leaky potassium channels
c)
Opening of voltage sensitive (gated) sodium channels
d)
Opening of voltage sensitive (gated) potassium channels
35.
The region of primitive mouth is represented by Select one:
a)
Cloacal membrane
b)
Prechordal plate
c)
Primitive streak
d)
Primitive node
36.
Mutation that leads to cancer may be caused by Select one:
a)
All
b)
Failures in repairing damaged DNA
c)
Errors in repl icating DNA
d)
Viruses
37.
Which of the following drug blocks the Muscarinic receptor? Select one:
a)
Curare
b)
Atropine
c)
Nicotine
d)
Muscrine
38.
Which one is NOT correct about the spinal nerve Select one:
a)
The total number of spina nerve is 64
b)
Its anterior rami supply muscles in the upper and lower limbs
c)
Its posterior rami form major somatic nerve plexuses
d)
They exit the vertebral column through intervertebral foramina
39.
Select the incorrect statement about the zona pellucida Select one:
a)
Triggerscapacitation
b)
None
c)
It prevents the imp lantation of fertilized ovum in the uterine tube
d)
It usually disappears about the 5th day after fertilization
e)
It preventsthe entry of more than one spermatozoon
40.
Which channel membrane protein is specifically important in the process of neurotransmitter release? Select one:
a)
Voltage gated calcium channels
b)
Voltage gated potassium channels
c)
Ligand gated sodium channels
d)
Ligand gat ed calcium channels
41.
One is not correct about pre embryonic period Select one:
a)
None
b)
Blastopathies at this period results in early abortion
c)
Ends by the formation of three germ layers
d)
It is from zygote formation to the beginning of implantation
42.
Which of the following neuron is not cholinergic? Select one:
a)
Sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate the Heart
b)
Sympathetic preganglio nic neurons
c)
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons
d)
Sympathetic postganglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands
43.
Tetanus toxin and botulinum toxin exert their effects by disrupting the function of SNARES, inhibiting Select one:
a)
Propagation of the action potential
b)
The docking and binding of synaptic vesicles to the presynaptic membrane
c)
The function of voltage-gated ion channels
d)
The bind ing of transmitter to the postsynaptic receptor
44.
Of the following one is false regard ing blastocyst Select one:
a)
As the volume of fluid increases zona pellucida ruptures
b)
Trophoblast differentiates into two types of cells
c)
Its cavity is formed by a fluid released by outer cell mass.
d)
None
45.
Neurotransmitters can inhibit or excite neurons. , for example, is inhibitory whereas_ _ is excitatory Select one:
a)
Ach and dopamine
b)
GABA and glycine
c)
GABA and glutamate
d)
Glutamate and GABA
46.
The ovulated human oocyte is arrested at: Select one:
a)
metaphase of meiosis II
b)
none
c)
metaphase of meiosis I
d)
prophase of meiosis I
e)
prophase of meiosis II
47.
During implantation, the blastocyst:<br />Select one:
a)
all are correct
b)
usually attaches to endometrial epithelium at its embryonic pole
c)
usually implants in the posterior wall of the body of the uterus
d)
implants in the endometrium
e)
causes change in the endometrial tissues
48.
Genes that are associated with cancer include Select one:
a)
Genes that encode molecules involved in signal transduction and associated growth factors
b)
b. Genes that control the process of programmed cell
c)
Genes that contro l the cell cycle
d)
AII
49.
What would happen to the resting membrane potential of a neuron if sodium channels were normally open in the membrane, but everything else was the same?<br />Select one:
a)
It would definitely be more negative than the normal resting potential
b)
Nothing much would happen, and it would remain at approximately -65 mV
c)
It would loseits polarization and stand at exactly O mV (no difference between inside and outside of the neuron)
d)
It would definitely be less negative than the normal resting potential
50.
The most importa nt criteria to differentiate benign from malignant tumor is Select one:<br />
a)
Mitotic activity
b)
Capsulation
c)
Degree of differentiation
d)
Metastasis
51.
What does paraneoplastic syndrome refer to? Select one:<br />
a)
The effects of multiple metastat ic tumors
b)
The decreased resistance to infection resulting from malignant tumors
c)
Severe weight loss and cachexia associated wit h advanced cancer
d)
The effects of substances such as hormones secreted by the tumor cells
52.
Kemal lift ing up his physiology textbook contracts his bicep muscle isotonically.Which one of the following does not change its length in this process when compared to the muscle is at rest?<br />Select one:<br />
a)
I band
b)
Sarcomere
c)
H zone
d)
A band
53.
A clinical study is performed of oncogenesis in human neoplasms. It is observed that some neoplasms appear to develop from viral oncogenesi,swith serologic confirmation of past viral infection. Which of the following neoplasms is most likely to arise in this manner?<br />Select one:
a)
Hepatocellular carcinoma
b)
Bronchogenic carcinoma (Lung cancer)
c)
Prostatic adenocarcinoma
d)
Colonic adenocarcinoma
54.
An experiment is conducted in which proliferating cells are subjected to ionizing radiation. The ionizing radiation leads to arrest in a checkpoint that monitors completion of DNA replication. It is observed that there are increased numbers of chromosomal abnormalities in these cells. Which of the following is the checkpoint affected by the ionizing radiation?<br />Select one:
a)
G1/S
b)
G0/G1
c)
G2/M
d)
S/G2
55.
In the mechanism of excitation contraction coupling of skeletal muscle, which one of the following events occurs before the depolarization of T- tubules? Select one:<br />
a)
Release of Ca 2+ by exocytosis
b)
Opening of Ca 2 + releasing channels on the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c)
Depolarization of sarcolemmal membrane
d)
Uptake of Ca 2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum by Ca- ATPase
56.
One of the following chemical mediators of inflammatio n modulates the activity and function of other cells to coordinate and control the inflammatory response<br />Select one:
a)
Complement
b)
Histamine
c)
Cytok ines
d)
Eicosanoids
57.
Which one is NOT correct concerning vein Select one:
a)
Postcapillary venules are function as signif icant sites of exchange of nutrients and wastes between blood and interstitial fluid
b)
Medium and large vein are not microscopic
c)
Muscular venulesinitially receive blood from capillaries
d)
Accompanying veins is covered by fasciaI vascular sheath with the artery they accompany
58.
Jema l was accidentally po isoned by a weed killer that inhibits acetylcholinesterase. Which of the following alterations in neurochemical transmission at brain cholinergic synapses is the most likely result of this poisoning?<br />Select one:
a)
Accumulation of choline outside the cholinergic neuron
b)
Accumulation of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft
c)
Blockade of cholinergic receptors
d)
Up-regulation of postsynaptic cholinergic receptors
59.
A genetic mutation causes a somat ic cell to become cancerous. Which of the fo llowing is the most likely explanationfor how the mutation caused this malignant transformation? Select one:<br />
a)
The mutation createdan overactive version of a protein that prevents cell cycle progression
b)
The mutation created an overactive version of a protein that inhibits cell division
c)
The mutation created an underactiveversion of a protein that promotes apoptosis
d)
The mutation created an underactiveversion of a protein that promotes cell division
60.
Which of the following imaging modalities has the best soft tissue contrast Select one:
a)
CT scan
b)
Fluoroscopy
c)
Ultrasound
d)
X- ray
e)
MRI
61.
Which of the following is not true about ultrasound imaging Select one:
a)
Fluid containing structures are anechoic
b)
Fat is highly echogenic
c)
Fluid containing structures reflect back almost all the sound waves
d)
Bone and air are hyper echoic
62.
Which muscles feather -like arrangement? Select one:
a)
Multi -bellied muscles
b)
Fusiform muscles
c)
A convergent muscle
d)
Pennate muscles
63.
Which of the following is false about isotonic contraction? Select one:
a)
Work is done in this type of contraction
b)
Muscle contraction fails to move objects
c)
Cont raction with no change in muscle tension
d)
The total Length of the muscle shorten
64.
Which of the following statements about single unit smooth muscle is incorrect? Select one:
a)
Each muscle cells are electrically coupled by means of gap junctions
b)
Force is graded by varying intracellular calcium
c)
Contraction can occur in the absence of extrinsic neural innervation
d)
Twitch duration is shorter when compared to skeletal muscle
65.
Put the following items in the correct order for the pathway of lymph from the stomach to the blood: (1) thoracic duct, (2) lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes, (3) lymph capillaries, (4) inte rstitial fluid, (5) left venous angle<br />Select one:
a)
1,5,3,2,4
b)
4,3,2,1,5
c)
3,2,4,1,5
d)
2,3,4,5,1
66.
Which one of the following Contractions of muscle sustains the position of the joint without producing movement? Select one:<br />
a)
Isometric contractions
b)
Concentric contraction
c)
Tonic con tractions
d)
Eccentric contraction
67.
Which system is capable of axonal regeneration with regaining function? Select one:
a)
Central nervous system
b)
Cerebral cortex
c)
Spinal cord
d)
Periphera l nervous system
68.
One reason for staging a malignant tumor at the time of diagnosis is to: Select one:
a)
Ident ify the original cell from which the tumor developed
b)
Determine the best treatment and the prognosis
c)
Locate and identify the primary tumor
d)
Decide the initiating factor for a particular tumor
69.
Lymph finally drains in to Select one:
a)
Left or right venous angle
b)
Collecting vessels
c)
Lymphatic trunks
d)
Lymphatic capillaries
70.
Which of the following statements about graded potentials is incorrect? Select one:
a)
A graded depolarization mainly by voltage gated ion channels
b)
The most affected area is the site of stimulation, and stimulatory effects decrease as distance increases from the point of stimulation
c)
A graded potential could result in a hyperpolarizationof the cell membrane, thus moving the area away from threshold
d)
A graded potential could result in depolarization of the cell membrane, thus moving the area toward threshold
71.
Which one is the primary lymphoid organ Select one:<br />a. Spleen
a)
Spleen
b)
Appendix
c)
Bone marrow
d)
Lymph nodes
72.
Which types of muscle tissue are short branched, contain one nucleus and striated? Select one:<br />
a)
Muscle fascicle
b)
Skeletal muscle tissue
c)
Cardiac muscle tissue
d)
Smooth muscle tissue
73.
Which type of mutation is common in cancer? Select one:
a)
Mutations in both germline and somatic DNA
b)
Germline mutations
c)
Mutation do not cause cancer
d)
Somatic mutations
74.
Tumor composed of fibrous tissue & epithelial tissue will named Select one:
a)
Cystadenoma
b)
Fibroadenoma
c)
Melanoma
d)
Lymphoma
75.
Which one of the following tissues heal by regeneration given the stromal matrix is intact? Select one:
a)
Brain
b)
Liver
c)
Cardiac muscle
d)
Skeleta l muscle
76.
Which muscle assists and applies a force opposite to direction that of the first? Select one:
a)
Concentric contraction
b)
Antagonist muscle
c)
Synergist and Antagonist muscle
d)
Synergist muscle
77.
A joint between the root of teeth and alveolar process of maxil la or mandib le is: Select one:
a)
Symphysis
b)
Synchondrosis
c)
Gomphosis
d)
Syndesmosis
78.
Which one is sesamoid bone Select one:
a)
Patella
b)
Carpal bone
c)
Sternum
d)
Tarsa l bone
79.
Femur is an example of bone Select one:
a)
Flat bone
b)
Long bone
c)
Short bone
d)
Irregular bone
80.
What type of muscle tissue are spindle-shaped, contain one nucleus and none striated? Select one:
a)
Muscle fibers
b)
Skeleta l muscle tissue
c)
Cardiac muscle tissue
d)
Smooth muscle tissue
81.
The resting membrane potent ial is closein value to the Nernst equilibrium potential for _ because _ _ Select one:<br />
a)
Na+/ there is a leakage of Na+ ions through the membrane channels
b)
K+ / the membrane is very permeable to K+ ions at rest
c)
Na+/ due to its large driving force
d)
K+ / there is Cl- influx
82.
Photoreceptors in the retina have special channels that are open to Na+ in the dark. When light hits photoreceptors, these special channels close but K+ channels open, what can you conclude from this?<br />Select one:
a)
Photoreceptors hyperpolarize to light
b)
Photoreceptor voltage does not change in the presence of light
c)
Photoreceptors repolarize to light
d)
Photoreceptors depolarize to light
83.
Some have compared the "all or none" action potential to flushing a toilet. The absolute refractory period (when no amount of pressing the lever will produce another flush) is set by<br />Select one:
a)
The closure of activation gate of voltage sensitive sodium channels
b)
The opening of activation gate of voltage sensitive potassium channels
c)
The closure of activation gate of voltage sensitive potassium channels
d)
The opening of activation gate of voltage sensitive sodium channels
84.
The wide capillaries seen in red bone marrow and the liver is Select one:
a)
Continuous capillaries
b)
Fenestrated capilla ries
c)
Sinusoids
85.
What is the proper sequence of epidermal strata (layers) pierced as a sliver penetrates the epidermis on the palm of the hand? Select one:<br />
a)
Spinosum , basale, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
b)
Basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
c)
Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale
d)
Corneum, lucidum, spinosum, granulosum, basale
86.
The opening of activation gate of voltage-gated potassium channels is responsible for which part of the action potential? Select one:<br />
a)
Repolarization of the membrane
b)
Depolarization of the membrane
c)
Hyperpolarization
d)
Resting state
87.
Which of the following is true about the epidemiology of cancer? Select one:
a)
Colonic cancer is more common in the western countries
b)
Lung cancer is common in Japan
c)
Breast cancer is common in African countries
d)
Hepatocellular carcinoma is common in developed countries
88.
The slight contraction that does not produce movement but gives the muscle firmness Select one:
a)
Isometric contractions
b)
Refl exive contraction
c)
Eccent ric contraction
d)
Tonic contraction
89.
In the absence of an adequate supply of ATP for skeletal muscle contraction Select one:
a)
Creatine phosphate can directly support m yofilament interaction, although less efficiently
b)
The lower energy form, ADP, can suppo rt contraction at a reduced rate
c)
Myof ilament interaction ceases, and the muscle relaxes
d)
Actin and myosin filamentscannot separate, and the muscle stiffens
90.
Phento laxmine is an Alpha blocker. It would therefore cause? Select one:
a)
Increase blood pressure
b)
Vasodilatation of blood vessels
c)
Construction of bladder sphincter
d)
Construction of gastric intestinal sphincter
91.
Which one of the following is a complication of cutaneous tissue healing by fibrosis whereby there may be a progressive growth to involve the adjacent tissue not involved by the injury?<br />Select one:
a)
Wound dehiscence
b)
Keloid
c)
Wound contracture
d)
Hypertrophic scar
92.
A 41-year-old woman has noted a foul-smelling vaginal discharge for 3 weeks. On physical examination there is an exophyt ic 3 cm mass involv ing the ectocerv ix. Pap smear testing is performed; she has never had a previous Pap smear. Cytologic changes are present consistent with squamous cell carcinoma. She is found to have a posit ive serologic test for syphilis. Her serum glucose is 157 mg/dl. She works in a bar and has been a commercial sex worker in the past. Which of the following is the most likely risk factor for her cervical carcinoma?<br />Select one:
a)
Heavy alcohol drinking
b)
High risk variants of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
c)
Epst ein Barr Virus (EBV)
d)
Heavy cigarette smoking
93.
One of the following hormones prevents degeneration of corpus luteum in the ovarian cycle. Select one:
a)
Progesterone
b)
Follicle stimulating
c)
Lutenizing
d)
Human chorionic gonadotrophin
94.
Which one of the following cutaneous wounds heal by primary/first intension? Select one:
a)
Severe burn associated wound
b)
Wide open infected cutaneous wounds
c)
Well approximated clean surgical wounds
d)
Road traf fic accident associated fracture area open wounds
95.
Which of the following is NOT true about the neuronal action potential? Select one:
a)
Action potentials are all-or-none
b)
Repolarization and hyperpolarization are due to the activity of K+ channels
c)
The spike phase of the action potential is due to the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels
d)
Can be summed
96.
As the hypoblastic cell lines the inner wall of blastocystic cavity, the blastocoele becomes the: Select one:
a)
chorioniccavity
b)
b. amniotic cavity
c)
c. primary yolk sac
d)
extra embryonic coelom
97.
Motor neurons that control skeletal muscle are Select one:
a)
Unipolar neurons
b)
Pseudounipolar neurons
c)
Bipolar neurons
d)
Multipolar neurons
98.
Which type of muscle tissue has cells which have numerous nuclei and are long and cylindrical? Select one:
a)
Muscle fascicle
b)
Skeleta l muscle tissue
c)
Perimysium
d)
Smooth muscle tissue
99.
Malignant tumors Select one:
a)
Secrete hormones when they arise from endocrine cells
b)
Usually resemble their tissue of origin
c)
Invade the surround ing structures
d)
Have a well-defined capsule
100.
Which of the following is a feature of the parasympathetic, but not the sympathetic nervous system? Select one:
a)
Postganglion ic neurons synapse on eff ecto r organs
b)
Pregang lionic neurons releaseacetylcholine (ACh)
c)
Pregang lionic neu rons originate from the craniosacralregions
d)
Two neural communication b/n CNS and effector organs
101.
Which one of the following sweat glands of skin are abundant in the axillary and pubic regions of a sexually matured person? Select one:
a)
Sebaceous glands
b)
Apocrine and eccrine gland
c)
Apocrine sweat gland
d)
Eccrine sweat gland
102.
At the peak of t he action potential, the membrane potent ial is: Select one:
a)
Close to but more positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential (VNa)
b)
Close to but less positive than the Na+ equilibrium potential (VNa)
c)
Exactly at -55 mV
d)
Exactly at the Na+ equilibrium potential (VNa)
103.
A 42-year-old man with myasthenia gravis notes increased muscle strength when he is treated with an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inh ib itor. The bas is for his improvement is increased Select one:<br />
a)
Numberof ACh receptors on the muscle end plates
b)
Amount of acetylcholine released from motor nerves
c)
Levels of ACh at the muscleend plates
d)
<br />Activation of voltage gated calcium channel
104.
If I tell you that our very own Dr. Strange love has just discovereda new membrane channel that can change the membrane potential of neurons from -65<br />mV to -60 mV when activated,how would you characterize it?<br />Select one:
a)
As a new hyperpolarizing channel
b)
As a new depolarizing channel
c)
As a new repolarizing channel
d)
As a new action potential generating channel
105.
ATP is required for muscles to contract. Which of the following statements is FALSE? Select one:
a)
ATP is used to get the troponin- tropomyosin complex to move in such manner to exposed the binding sites
b)
ATP is used to get the cross- bridges to bind to actin
c)
ATP is used to get the cross-bridges to disconnect from actin
106.
All of the following imaging modalities use ionizing radiation, except Select one:<br />a. Fluoro scopy
a)
Fluoro scopy
b)
CT
c)
Film- screen X- ray
d)
MRI
e)
Di g it al x-ray
107.
Which dermal layers established for fingerprint patterns? Select one:
a)
The stratum corneum
b)
The dermal papillary
c)
The stratum basale
d)
The dermal reticular
108.
Postganglionic axons of sympathetic ganglia which innervate organs below the diaphragm is? Select one:
a)
Sympathetic trunk ganglia
b)
Inferior cervical gang lia
c)
Collateral ganglia
d)
Paravertebral ganglia
109.
Capillaries are absent in the Select one:
a)
The liver
b)
The Nervous system
c)
The Muscles
d)
The Cartilage
110.
Which one is incorrect about the cartilage Select one:
a)
Younger person has more cartilage as compared to new born
b)
Cartilage is nourished by diffusion and has no blood vessels, lymphat ics,or nerves
c)
It forms parts of the skeleton where more flexibility is required
d)
Cartilage enable the development and growth of long bones
111.
Which one of the following is the earliest step in tissue repair? Select one:
a)
Fibrous tissue deposition
b)
Granulation tissue
c)
Tissue remodelling
d)
Inflammation
112.
A sprinter would experience muscle fatigue sooner than a marathon runner due to _ Select one:
a)
Anaerobic metabolism in the muscles of the marathon runner
b)
A lot of the 02-storing protein in the muscles of the sprinter
c)
A large number of sarcomeres in the muscles of the marathon runner
d)
Anaerobic metabolism in the muscles of the sprinter
113.
Which epidermal layer is lacking within the skin of the head and trunk? Select one:
a)
St ratum spinosum
b)
Stratum lucid um
c)
Stratum basale
d)
Stratum granulosum
e)
<br />St ratum corneum
114.
The zona pellucida is a translucent membrane surrounding the: Select one:
a)
primary oocyte
b)
all are correct
c)
morula
d)
zygote
115.
The latch mechanism in smooth muscle is responsible for? Select one:<br />a. Excitation- contraction coupling
a)
Excitation- contraction coupling
b)
Fast muscle twitch
c)
Maintaining relaxation of smooth muscle
d)
Sustained muscle contraction
116.
A change at a synapse that makes that makes the membrane of the postsynaptic cell more negative is termed: Select one:
a)
. an IPSP
b)
an EPSP
c)
an action potential
d)
a depolarizing potential
117.
Malignant tumors Select one:
a)
Have well defined capsule
b)
They don't invade locally
c)
Are well differentiated
d)
Have distant metastasis
118.
Which of the following is true statement about sebaceous glands? Select one:
a)
They are a compound saccular type
b)
They are a type of oil-secretinggland
c)
They secrete sebum direct ly to the skin surface
d)
They derive from specialized mesoderm
119.
In an experiment, it is observed that chronic, increased exposure to ionizing radiation results in damage to cellular DNA. As a consequence, a protein is now absent that would arrest the cell in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Subsequent to this, the cell is transformed to acquire the property of unregulated growth. The absent protein is most likely the product of which of the following genes?<br />Select one:
a)
ABL
b)
RAS
c)
MYC
d)
TP53
120.
Slight ly movable joint is Select one:
a)
Diarthrosis
b)
Synartherosis
c)
Amphiartherosis
121.
Which muscle makes as prime mover in the movement of extending and flexing the knee joint? Select one:
a)
Trice ps and biceps brachii
b)
Quadriceps and bice ps femoris
c)
Triceps and biceps femoris
d)
Quadriceps and bice p s brachii
122.
When skeletal muscle shortens in response to stimulation, there is... Select one:
a)
A decrease in the width of the I band
b)
An increase in the width of H zone
c)
A decrease in the width of the A band
d)
An increase in the width of M line
123.
Myosin light chain kinase Select one:
a)
Terminates contraction of smooth muscle by removing phosphate group from myosin light chain
b)
Is essential for initiation of cardiac muscle contraction in response to Ca2+ influx from ECF
c)
Is important enzyme to activate the binding of Ca 2+ with regulatory protein Calmodulin
d)
Attaches phosphate group to the myosin light chains necessary for cross-bridge cycling in smooth muscle
124.
A thick connective tissue sheath that surrounds and encloses a bund le of fascicles is Select one:
a)
Perineurium
b)
Epineurium
c)
Endoneurium
100 %
