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Endocrine and Nervous System

Total questions: 59

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

a)

It creates chemicals, or hormones, that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

b)

It creates electrical messages that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

c)

It maintains the correct level of oxygen in the body to maintain homeostasis.

d)

It releases waste from the body to maintain homeostasis.

2.
This gland is located between the lungs behind the sternum and secretes thymosin that helps mature WBC's in our bodies when we are children. 
a)
thyroid
b)
parathyroid
c)
thymus
d)
brain stem
3.
What is gland #3?
a)
Adrenal Gland
b)
Pancreas
c)
Ovaries
d)
Testes
4.
Letter H is pointing to
a)
Thymus
b)
Pancreas
c)
Pituitary
d)
Pineal
5.

The gland labeled 4 in the diagram is?

a)

the thymus gland

b)

the thyroid gland

c)

the parathyroid glands

d)

the adrenal glands

6.
Which of the following physiologic functions is not regulated by anterior pituitary hormones?
a)
Growth
b)
Thyroid function
c)
Sleep
d)
Reproduction
7.
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary stimulates the __________ glands to release _________.
a)
Pineal, cortisol
b)
Adrenal, cortisol
c)
Pineal, TSH
d)
Adrenal, TSH
8.

What is the function of the Thyroid gland

a)

Hormones that are used to change the metabolic rate of a person's body

b)

Hormones that are used to help you run

c)

Hormones to help you swallow

d)

Penguin

9.

The Adrenal gland secretes the following except:

a)

cortisol

b)

ADH

c)

epinephrine

d)

aldosterone

10.
Which hormone is not secreted by the anterior pituitary.
a)
Oxytocin
b)
FSH
c)
TSH
d)
ACTH
11.
Insulin is secreted by:
a)
α-cells in the Islets of Langerhans
b)
β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans
c)
β-cells in the pancreatic medulla
d)
α-cells in the pancreatic cortex
12.
Glucagon is secreted by:
a)
α-cells in the Islets of Langerhans
b)
β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans
c)
β-cells in the pancreatic medulla
d)
α-cells in the pancreatic cortex
13.
Which hormone is secreted directly from the Posterior Pituitary Gland?
a)
ADH
b)
LH
c)
ACTH
d)
FSH
14.
A person who is having an anaphylactic reaction is given an inject of epinephrine. The purpose of this is primarily to:
a)
Dilate pupils
b)
Open air passage ways
c)
Increase blood sugar
d)
Dilate blood vessels in muscles
15.
Hormones that enter cells directly to cause changes are usually:
a)
Steroids
b)
Proteins
16.

How do hormones target specific cells for action?

a)

Target cells have active sites with complementary shapesThis is a wrong answer

b)

Target cells have specific receptors with complementary shapes

c)

Target cells process the information carried in the hormone

d)

Hormones have active sites that are complementary

17.

How do peptide hormones affect the activity of target cells?

a)

By entering the cell to trigger specific gene activation

b)

By binding to a plasma membrane receptor

c)

By binding to a receptor in the nucleoplasm

d)

By transferring information to an intracellular messenger molecule

18.

How do nerves trigger muscle contractions?

a)

By releasing neurotransmitters at neuromuscular junctions.

b)

By combining actin and myosin into an actinomyosin complex.

c)

By reversing the post synaptic potential at the neuromuscular junction.

d)

By releasing Ca2+ ions that are needed for breaking down ATP.

19.

The graph shows the pattern traced by placing electrodes at a point on the axon of a nerve cell as it is stimulated. It is reasonable to claim that

a)

the lowest potential, J, represents the resting potential of the nerve.

b)

during phase F, fewer sodium ions are leaving the cell than entering it.

c)

during phase K, the membrane will fail to respond to further stimulation.

d)

the stimulus applied only has an effect when the membrane potential is positive.

20.

Which of the following increases speed of impulse transmission?

I Axon with larger diameter

II Myelin sheath

III Nodes of Ranvier

IV Many dendrites

a)

I and II

b)

I and III

c)

I, II and III

d)

II, III and IV

21.

The following table shows the concentration of the main ions inside and outside of the nerve cell during resting phase. What would happen when the nerve cell receives the correct stimulus?

a)

Na+ ions will enter the cell

b)

K+ ions will enter the cell

c)

Na+ ions will leave the cell

d)

K+ ions will leave the cell

22.

The table shows the difference between the nervous systems and their effects. Which of the following correctly matches each type of nervous system and its action?

a)

I (a) II (a) III (b) IV (b)

b)

I (a) II (b) III (a) IV (b)

c)

I (a) II (b) III (b) IV (a)

d)

I (b) II (a) III (b) IV (a)

23.

Which of the following hormones in the blood increases immediately after absorption of digested food by the villus

a)

insulin.

b)

glucagon.

c)

antidiuretic hormone.

d)

estrogen.

24.

What will happen if the alpha cells in the group of Langerhans cells in the pancreas are destroyed?

a)

Change of glycogen to glucose will be affected.

b)

Excess glucose cannot be changed to glycogen.

c)

Accumulation of glucose in the body.

d)

Excess glucose cannot be oxidized.

25.

The pink structure is the.....

a)

frontal lobe

b)

occipital lobe

c)

parietal lobe

d)

temporal lobe

26.

The part of your brain that senses pain is the....

a)

blue lobe

b)

yellow lobe

c)

green lobe

d)

pink lobe

27.

Name structure 3

a)

thalamus gland

b)

pineal gland

c)

cerebellum

d)

corpus callosom

28.

What number structure regulates hormones?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

29.

In the reflex arc shown, which number would be the effector?

a)

B

b)

D

c)

G

d)

F

30.

What of the following would your parasympathetic system do in a time of stress?

a)

increase heartrate

b)

inhibit digestion

c)

restore salivary production

d)

decrease blood pressure

31.
The area of the brain most associated with coordination and balance is the:
a)
Cerebellum
b)
Hippocampus
c)
Amygdala
d)
Pons
32.
The brain lobe controlling vision is the:
a)
Frontal
b)
Occipital
c)
Temporal
d)
Parietal
33.
What causes the movement of vesicles towards the post-synaptic membrane?
a)
Influx of Ca++ 
b)
Influx of Na++
c)
Movement of K+ out of the cell
d)
Movement of Ca++ out of the cell
34.
What is the central nervous system (CNS) made up of?
a)
brain & spinal cord
b)
sensory neurons
c)
motor neurons
d)
sensory receptors
35.
The "fight or flight" response during threatening situations in the role of the:
a)
sympathetic nervous system
b)
parasympathetic system
c)
somatic nervous system
d)
cerebellum
36.
_____ neurons carry messages to the central nervous system
a)
Motor
b)
Inter
c)
Sensory
d)
Fun
37.
The _____part of the autonomic nervous system is active during resting.
a)
sympathetic
b)
parasympathetic
c)
somatic
d)
peripheral
38.
Part of the peripheral that controls conscious activities
a)
autonomic
b)
somatic
c)
sympathetic
d)
parasympathetic
39.
Chemicals in the neuron that help send messages
a)
dendrites
b)
neurotransmitters
c)
axon terminals
d)
vesicles
40.
Myelinated fibers (tracts) form ________ matter while unmyelinated fibers form ________ matter. 
a)
sensory, motor
b)
gray, white
c)
motor, sensory
d)
white, gray
41.
The major role of the interneuron (association neuron) is to ________.
a)
carry information from the central nervous system to muscles and/or the viscera
b)
form a lipid-protein (lipoprotein) cell membrane on the outside of axons
c)
transmit nerve impulses from the skin and organs to the central nervous system   
d)
connect motor and sensory neurons in their pathways
42.
What is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
a)
axons
b)
sensory receptors
c)
spinal cord
d)
motor neurons
43.
What tissue is not innervated by the autonomic nervous system?
a)
Glands
b)
Skeletal Muscle
c)
Cardiac Muscle
d)
Smooth Muscle
44.
Which ions are involved in the electrical nerve impulse?
a)
Iodine and Sodium
b)
Potassium and Sodium
c)
Iron and Sodium
d)
Calcium and Iodine
45.
What number(s) on the graph represents the Resting Potential?
a)
1 and 2
b)
1 and 5
c)
2 and 3
d)
3 and 4
46.

Which of the following uses ACTIVE transport?

a)

sodium-potassium pump

b)

sodium channel

c)

potassium channel

d)

diffusion

47.

How do peptide hormones affect the activity of target cells?

a)

By entering the cell to trigger specific gene activation

b)

By binding to a plasma membrane receptor

c)

By binding to a receptor in the nucleoplasm

d)

By transferring information to an intracellular messenger molecule

48.
The area of the brain responsible for respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure is the
a)
medulla oblongata
b)
midbrain
c)
frontal lobe
d)
temporal lobe
49.
The three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord are called the
a)
pons
b)
ganglia
c)
medulla oblongata 
d)
meninges
50.
What is the name of part 2?
a)
Dorsal root
b)
Dorsal root ganglion
c)
Root ganglion
d)
Cell body
51.
What is the potential difference across a neurone in its resting state?
a)
+40 mV
b)
-40 mV
c)
+70 mV
d)
-70 mV
52.
The process of the neurone becoming positive is called
a)
polarisation
b)
depolarisation
c)
hyperpolarisation
53.
During the acting state of a neurone the potential difference across the membrane is ..
a)
+40 mV
b)
-40 mV
c)
+70 mV
d)
-70 mV
54.
To stimulate a neurone there must be a certain level of stimulation from synapses, if not then the neurone will not send the impulse. This is known as the ...
a)
Maximum level
b)
Total level
c)
Threshold level
d)
Stimulating level
55.

Which two hormones regulate the production and stimulation of milk? (Slides 31 & 42)

a)

FSH & LH

b)

Oxytocin and ACTH

c)

Prolactin and ACTH

d)

Prolactin and Oxytocin

56.

Imbalance of this hormone can cause gigantism or dwarfism

a)

Lack or excessive of growth hormone

b)

Lack or excessive of glucagon hormone

c)

Lack or excessive of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

d)

Lack or excessive of auxine hormone

57.

a high level of thyroxine will inhibits the release of

a)

thyroid stimulating hormone

b)

follicle stimulating hormone

c)

antidiuretic hormone

d)

insulin

58.
Align along axons and provide insulating layers of myelin in the brain and spinal cord.
a)
microglia 
b)
astrocytes
c)
ependymal cells
d)
oligodendrocytes
59.
Neurotransmitter that stimulates muscles to contract.
a)
endorphins
b)
serotonin
c)
acetycholine
d)
dopamine

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