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Middle Ages: Islam, the Mongols, and Europe

Total questions: 129

Worksheet time: 2hrs 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What was the most influential effect of the Mongol Empire on world history?

a)

Increased trade

b)

Military Tactics

c)

Spread of the Plague

d)

Religious tolerance

2.

What was the name of the Italian explorer/merchant that lived in their capital city for 7 years and wrote much of the history know about the Mongols.

a)

Marco Polo

b)

Christopher Columbus

c)

Genghis Khan

d)

Ibn Battuta

3.

The Mongol Empire collapsed because of...

a)

Poor leadership of Genghis Khan's descendants

b)

Spread of new diseases

c)

A serious drought

d)

The decrease of trade in the Mongol Empire

4.

The Mongol Empire effected Europe and Asia in all these ways EXCEPT...

a)

United All of China for the first time under one rule

b)

Brought Europe out of Isolation

c)

Increased trade between Europe and Asia

d)

Decrease the amount of death and disease in Europe and Asia

5.

The Mongol Empire achieved many things. One of the actions they were well-known for was...

a)

Low crime rates throughout the empire

b)

Peacefully accepting new territories into the empire

c)

Increasing trade with Africa

d)

Developing a new world religion

6.
What animal was greatly valued by the Mongol culture and helped them be successful on the battlefield?
a)
Cow
b)
Pig
c)
Horse
d)
Elephant
7.
The Mongols were originally members of _____.
a)
Nomadic Tribes
b)
Settled Tribes
c)
Farming Communities
d)
a basketball team
8.
What advantage did the Mongols have over surrounding peoples?
a)
They were mostly literate, unlike China who mostly was illiterate
b)
They had more equality than surrounding peoples
c)
Their calvary, fighting from horseback, unlike the Chinese who were not as well trained
d)
They didn't care about religion, where as the Chinese made Confucianism the official religion 
9.

Who was the fiercest Mongol leader?

a)

Empress Wu

b)

Genghis Khan

c)

Confucius

d)

Marco Polo

10.
What did the Mongols improve within the former Chinese empires?
a)
trade & communication routes
b)
lower taxes allowing materials to be more affordable
c)
human constructions such as the Great Wall & Terracotta Army
d)
creating equality between the nobles & peasants
11.

What did the Mongols do to the religions of the people they conquered?

a)

They allowed them to exist and did not bother them

b)

They converted to whatever religion they conquered

c)

They forced the people they conquered to forget their religion

d)

They killed all the priests and burned all the places of worshipped they conquered

12.

The crusades were a series of wars fought between:

a)

Jews and Christians

b)

Jews and Muslims

c)

Christians and Muslims

d)

Christians and Catholics

13.
What is the pilgrimage to Mecca called?
a)
Kaaba
b)
Tajj
c)
Hajj
d)
Medina
14.

Many of the traditions of Islam were influenced by which other Monotheistic religions?

a)

Hinduism and Judaism

b)

Buddhism and Judaism

c)

Christianity and Judaism

d)

Zoroastrianism and Judaism

15.

What mathematics achievement can be attributed to the House of Wisdom?

a)

Arabic numerals

b)

Roman Numerals

c)

Finger Counting

d)

Calculators

16.

What invention helped Muslims learning surpass Europeans?

a)

papyrus

b)

parchment

c)

scroles

d)

paper

17.

This is the vast grassland that stretches across Northern Asia

a)

Siberia

b)

Steppe

c)

Tibetan Plateau

d)

Ethiopian Highlands

18.

Eventually the Mongols would divided their empire into four regions or _______________

a)

Sects

b)

Divisions

c)

Khanates

d)

Territories

19.
Cities could avoid a bloodbath when attacked by the Mongols if they 
a)
paid tribute to the Mongols
b)
surrendered without a fight
c)
aided the Mongols in their conquests
d)
all of the above
20.
What happened after Muhammad and his followers returned to Mecca in 630 C.E.?
a)
They reclaimed the city and established Islam as the dominant faith in Saudi Arabia.
b)
They were defeated and forced to return to Medina.
c)
They decided to return to worshiping the pagan gods like the rest of the population.
d)
They converted to Christianity.
21.
What is the Qu'ran?
a)
The Muslim holy book, which contains the word of God as revealed to Muhammad.
b)
The daily prayer all Muslims must say five times a day.
c)
The Muslim house of worship that they attend every week.
d)
The holiest of Muslim holidays where they fast from sunup to sundown.
22.
Where are some of the places that Islam spread to in the centuries after its origin?
a)
South Asia to Indonesia
b)
north into Turkey and the Balkan region of Europe
c)
east coast of Africa and south of the Sahara
d)
All of the choices are correct
23.
Which of these is NOT one of the five pillars of Islam?
a)
There is no god but god.
b)
The pilgrimage to Mecca must be made.
c)
Fasting must be done every day.
d)
Donations to charity must be made annually.
24.
What is true of Islam?
a)
it accepts Mohammad as the only prophet of God
b)
it accepts the divinity of Jesus Christ
c)
it accepts Moses and Jesus as earlier prophets
d)
it only accepts the New Testament
25.

What is essential to Islam?

a)

The 5 pillars

b)

The 4 noble truths

c)

The 3 Desk tops

d)

Ten Commandments

26.

The followers of Islam are divided into two groups, Shia and Sunni. What makes them different?

a)

They are located in different areas of Saudi Arabia

b)

They disagreed on who should lead Islam after Muhammad died

c)

The Shia follow the 5 Pillars of Islam, while the Sunni do not

d)

The Sunni honor the holy month of Ramadan, while the Shia do not

27.

In what area did Muslim scholars make advancements?

a)

algebra

b)

aqueducts

c)

alphabets

d)

anatomy

28.

What is the holy text of Islam that is written in Arabic?

a)

Qur'an (Koran)

b)

Bible

c)

Torah

d)

Vedas

29.

Why do geographers refer to the Arabian Peninsula as a "crossroads" location?

a)

It is a vast desert that is occupied by few people

b)

It is an intersection of trade routes between three continents

c)

It is located between two major rivers

d)

It straddles the Bosporus Strait

30.

What is the holy month of Islam called?

a)

Qur'an

b)

Ramadan

c)

Hajj

d)

Zakat

31.

Muhammad's journey to Medina?

a)

hijab

b)

hijrah

c)

pilgrimage

d)

monotheism

32.

The cube shaped shrine in Mecca is called the ?

a)

Ka'aba

b)

Cubic square

c)

cubix

d)

Cuba

33.

Which caliphate came first?

a)

Ibn Saud

b)

Abbasid

c)

Umayyad

d)

Rashidun

34.

The Ummayad caliphate originated from?

a)

Syria

b)

Jordan

c)

Egypt

d)

Saudi Arabia

35.

The centre of Abbasid's power?

a)

Syria

b)

Terhan

c)

Baghdad

d)

Petra

36.

Why was the period of Abbasid called 'The Golden Age of Islam?'

a)

Due to the extraordinary work in literature, art, science, engineering, and philosophy

b)

Due to the enormous amount of gold coins printed.

c)

Slaves taken from the Gold Coast in Africa.

37.

What did the Abbasid caliphate build in Baghdad?

a)

'House of Worship'

b)

'House of Cards'

c)

'House of Sandals'

d)

'House of Warfare'

e)

'House of Wisdom'

38.
Where did Islam originate?
a)
Abrabian peninsula
b)
China
c)
North Africa
d)
India
39.

Where did the Islamic Empire expand throughout the 7th and 8th centuries?

a)

all around the world

b)

the entire continent of Africa

c)

across Asia and Africa and into Spain

d)

into Australia

40.

Shia Muslims believed that the caliph should be

a)

another prophet

b)

awarded to the most qualified candidate.

c)

continued on by blood relatives of Muhammad.

d)

chosen by a lottery.

41.

Sunni Muslims believed that the caliph should be...

a)

selected from the community by the community

b)

a blood relative of Muhammad.

c)

chosen by lottery.

d)

traced to the tribe of Isaac.

42.

What's depicted on this map?

a)

The Umayyad Caliphate

b)

The Byzantine Empire

c)

The Muslim World Today

d)

The Shi'a Caliphate

43.

Sunni refer to the first four caliphs as

a)

Rightly Guided

b)

Prophets

c)

The Party of Ali

d)

The Umayyads

44.

The capital of Syria was also the capital to the Umayyad Caliphate. Name the capital city.

a)

Baghdad

b)

Cairo

c)

Damascus

d)

Riyadh

45.

Why is the Dome of the Rock important?

a)

It is where Muhammad was born.

b)

It is where Muhammad ascended into heaven.

c)

It is a tourist site.

d)

It is where the first pray was said.

46.

Who took power away from the Umayyad Caliphate?

a)

Aztecs

b)

Rashidun

c)

Abbasid

d)

Mongols

47.

This group of Muslims wanted Ali and his descendants to be caliphs.

a)

Sunnis

b)

Shiites

c)

Abbasids

d)

Moguls

48.

This city became the capital of the Abbasid Empire.

a)

Jerusalem

b)

Madinah

c)

Baghdad

d)

Cairo

49.

What group took over the Islamic Empire after the Abbasids?

a)

Ottomans

b)

Sunnis

c)

Umayyads

d)

Seljuk Turks

50.
What family first came to power over the Islamic Empire after the first four caliphs?
a)
Abbasids
b)
Fatimids
c)
Seljuk Turks
d)
Umayyads
51.
What was the capital of the Umayyad empire in the west?
a)
Baghdad
b)
Damascus
c)
Cordoba
d)
Mecca
52.
What is the Pillar of Islam that encourages Muslims to pray 5 times a day?
a)
Hajj
b)
Salat
c)
Sawm/Siyam
d)
Zakat
53.

The boxlike building in the city of Mecca which is the holiest site in Islam is called the

a)

Mosque

b)

Kaaba

c)

Shrine

d)

Vatican

54.

Who was chosen as Muhammad's successor?

a)

Hasan Ali

b)

Abu Bakr

c)

Uthman affan

d)

Umar KhaSab

55.

Which two cities on the Arabian peninsula are holy to Muslims?

a)

Constantinople and Athens

b)

Cairo and Rome

c)

Mecca and Medina

d)

Baghdad and Jerusalem

56.

Who conquered what remained of the Byzantine Empire in 1453?

a)

The Mongols

b)

The Ottoman Turks

c)

The Seljuk Turks

57.

Istanbul became the new Ottoman capital. It was known before as:

a)

Rome

b)

Athens

c)

Constantinople

d)

Jerusalem

58.

What was the lasting impact of pilgrimages to Mecca and other holy Cities?

a)

Decentralized governments in Europe and the Arabian Peninsula.

b)

Increased cross-cultural interactions that resulted in the diffusion of literary, artistic, and cultural traditions.

c)

The flourishing of Mayan city-states.

d)

The peasant revolts in Western Europe.

59.
In the Middle East, during the Golden Age of Islamic culture, scholars were encouraged to --
a)
reject all knowledge that was Western in origin.
b)
ignore the achievements of Chinese culture.
c)
preserve and expand ancient Greek & Roman learning. 
d)
accept medieval European religious traditions.
60.
What are key features of Islamic art?
a)
statues and sculptures
b)
scenes of daily life
c)

geometric patterns

d)
religious figures
61.

Muslim artists couldn't represent people or animals but used ________________ for decoration, like in the image.

a)

plants

b)

calligraphy

c)

astronomy

d)

geometry

62.

What does the image show?

a)

A famous mosque in Damascus

b)

An ancient castle in Iraq.

c)

The round city of Baghdad in the Middle Ages.

d)

The mausoleum where Muhammad was buried, in Jerusalem.

63.

The start of the Muslim calendar is the year

a)

600 B.C.E

b)

622 C.E.

c)

1600 C.E.

d)

1220 B.C.E

64.

What architectural feature of this building identifies it as a mosque today?

a)

Towers/minarets around the main building

b)

Arching windows

c)

The Dome

d)

Marble materials

65.

Muslim designs do NOT include what?

a)

Orange or Yellow

b)

People or Animals

c)

Calligraphy or Decorative Writing

d)

Geometric Shapes

66.

What is Jizya?

a)

A special tax places on Arabs

b)

A special tax places on Non-Arabs

c)

A mosque in Mecca

d)

The first mosque to be built

67.

In the heart of Muslim Spain, this place was one of the wealthiest and most intellectually vibrant cities in the medieval world.

a)

Madrid

b)

Damascus

c)

Baghdad

d)

Córdoba

68.

Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan.

a)

Ibn Mattuta

b)

Ibn Batutta

c)

Ibn Chatutta

d)

Ibn Hatutta

69.

What was the main unifying force of medieval Western Europe?

a)

Government

b)

Church

c)

Military

70.
The Middle Ages in Western Europe was characterized by...
a)
The manor system and the importance of land ownership
b)
Absolute monarchies and strong central government
c)
Decreased emphasis on religion in daily life
d)
 Extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East
71.
The person who first unified most of the Christian lands in western Europe after the fall of Rome was...
a)
 Henry VIII
b)
 Charlemagne
c)
 William the Conqueror
d)
Saladin
72.
Which group made up the largest part of the population in feudal society?
a)
   Nobles
b)
   The king
c)
 Knights
d)
 Peasants
73.
What were the European motives for fighting the crusades?
a)
   Desire to be released from feudal obligations
b)
   Defense of the holy land
c)
 Forgiveness of sins
d)
All of the above
74.
Which statement best describes the results of the Crusades?
a)
 Europeans maintained lasting control over much of the Middle East
b)
   Islamic influence completely dominated Europe
c)
     Europeans developed tolerance of Non-Christian religious 
d)
   Trade between Europe and the Middle East increased
75.
Which is a characteristic of feudal society?
a)
 Rapid social change
b)
   High literacy rates
c)
   Factory system and the industrial based economy
d)
   Rigid social class structure, social hierarchy
76.
One important effect of the Crusades on Western Europe was that it...
a)
   Led to a decline in religious tension
b)
     Furthered cultural diffusion throughout Western Europe
c)
       Ended the western quest for an overseas empire
d)
   Introduced the Industrial Revolution to Western Europe
77.
Which economic system existed in Europe during the early Middle Ages?
a)
     Free market
b)
   Socialism
c)
     Manorialism
d)
     Command economy
78.
Europe became a feudal society because...
a)
the rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment for services.
b)
Europeans needed to defend themselves against constant raids and invasions.
c)
overpopulation required that a more efficient agricultural system be developed.
d)
skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming techniques improved.
79.
“All things were under its domain...its power was such that no one could hope to escape its scrutiny.”  

Which European institution during the Middle Ages in best described by this statement?
a)
     The guild
b)

 The knighthood

c)

 The Church

d)
 The nation-state
80.

Vocabulary: A grant of land given to a vassal

a)

Fief

b)

Feudal Contract

c)

Chivalry

d)

Vassal

81.

Vocabulary: A code of ethics all knights were expected to follow

a)

Fief

b)

Feudal contract

c)

Chivalry

d)

Vassal

82.

Which leader was anointed Emperor in 800AD?

a)

Clovis

b)

Charlemagne

c)

Charles Martel

83.

What is a vassal?

a)

person who receives a piece of land

b)

another name for a king

c)

person who works on a ship

d)

person who works in the church

84.

Which European group migrated from Europe and settled in England?

a)

Angles and Saxons

b)

Magyars

c)

Vikings

d)

Ostrogoths

85.

Which European group migrated from Scandinavia to Russia?

a)

Vikings

b)

Angles and Saxons

c)

Magyars

86.

What religion did the Frankish kingdom practice?

a)

Christianity

b)

Islam

c)

Hinduism

d)

Shintoism

87.

Who was the Frankish leader during the Battle of Tours?

a)

Charles Martel

b)

Clovis

c)

Charlemagne

d)

Pepin

88.
Which was NOT a middle ages Germanic Kingdom in Europe?
a)
Angles
b)
Franks
c)
Ostrogoths
d)
Muslims
89.

The Frankish kingdom was geographically in modern day...

a)

France

b)

Rome

c)

Baltic Region

d)

Spain

90.

What event do most historians use to mark the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe?

a)

The Fall of Constantinople

b)

Charlemagne's Rule

c)

The Fall of the Western Roman Empire

d)

The Birth of Jesus of Nazareth

91.

After the Fall of the Western Roman Empire, most of Western Europe was

a)

made up of different Germanic kingdoms.

b)

united under the rule of Justinian I.

c)

a place of learning, laughter, and love.

d)

united under the Greek Orthodox Church

92.

The Franks were

a)

a Germanic tribe that settled in France.

b)

an early Muslim Empire.

c)

a Germanic tribe that settled in England.

d)

the name for the Eastern Roman Empire.

93.

Which famous Frankish king is most remembered for uniting the Frankish tribes into a kingdom and converting to Christianity?

a)

Clovis

b)

Charles Martel

c)

Pepin the Short

d)

Charlemagne

94.

Who started the Carolingian Dynasty?

a)

Carloman

b)

Pepin

c)

Charles Martel

d)

Charlemagne

95.

What religious leader from the Catholic Church helped to organize the First Crusade?

a)

Stephen Harding

b)

Pope Urban II

c)

Saint Benedict

96.

How did the Crusades fail?

a)

Crusaders failed to keep control of Jerusalem

b)

Crusaders failed to conquer Egypt

c)

Crusaders never won a battle in the Holy Land

d)

Crusaders destroyed trade relations between East/West

97.
Why did so many men volunteer for the Crusades? 
a)
they were paid generously
b)
the Church granted forgiveness for anyone who goes on the Crusades 
c)
Because they wanted to
d)
because they loved Jerusalem 
98.

Which of the following was something that Charlemagne wanted for his people?

a)

That every citizen be trained with weapons to be able to defend themselves.

b)

That every citizen have their own farm t grow food.

c)

That only people with ancestors that were Franks, could be citizens.

d)

That every citizen had an opportunity for an education.

99.

Who issued a formal rule that forbade kings from appointing high-ranking church officials (bishops)?

a)

Charles the Great

b)

Pope Gregory VII

c)

Pope Otto I

d)

Henry IV

100.

During a disagreement, Pope Gregory VII excommunicated King Henry IV. What does that mean?

a)

He formally kicked him out as a member of the Catholic Church.

b)

He formally refused to communicate with him in any way.

c)

He took away his power as King.

d)

He made him attend extra sermons at church to wash away his sins.

101.

What settled the disagreement about selecting bishops between Pope Gregory VII and King Henry IV?

a)

The Crusades.

b)

The Concordat of Worms.

c)

To Excommunicate the King.

d)

The people voted who would become bishop.

102.
The policy of a state wanting to add territory from another State inhabited by people who have cultural links to their own State is
a)
the interaction model.
b)
the gravity model. 
c)
irredentism.
d)
ethnocentrism.
103.
The Kurds would like their own state, therefore they desire:
a)
Self-Determination
b)
Nationalism
c)
Suffrage
d)
Irredentism
104.

The belief that a group has the RIGHT to govern itself is called..

a)

Sovereignty

b)

Self-determination

c)

Devolution

d)

Naitonalism

105.

Before World War II, Adolf Hitler wished to annex the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia due to the existence of ethnic Germans. This applies BEST to which term?

a)

Territoriality

b)

ethnocentrism

c)

irredentism

d)

geopolitics

106.

Which of the following acts can get a Church member excommunicated?

a)

espionage

b)

larceny

c)

treason

d)

heresy

107.

Lay investiture was a problem for popes because

a)

lay invested bishops had no formal training as priests.

b)

monarchs would appoint bishops for their own political purposes.

c)

under lay investiture, lay people could not be excommunicated.

d)

monarchs were appointing non-Christians to Church positions.

108.

What was the dynasty of Kublai Khan called

a)

The Yuan

b)

The Song

c)

The Tang

d)

None of the other answers

109.

Kublai Khan tried to invade what country twice?

a)

Korea

b)

Japan

c)

Greece

d)

China

110.
A period of peace, prosperity, and cultural achievement.
a)
Pax Mongolica
b)
French Revolution
c)
Establishment of Feudal System
d)
Economic System of Manorialism
111.

Mansa Musa impacted West Africa by

a)

Spreading Christianity

b)

Causing inflation as he gave away gold

c)

Creating a major trade route

d)

Leading the Mongol Empire

112.

Arab merchants played what role in the spread of Islam?

a)

Forcing people they met on the trade routes to convert

b)

Tricking people they met on the trade routes into converting

c)

Sharing their faith and beliefs with people they met on the trade routes

d)

They didn't spread Islam at all

113.

What did the Gold-Salt Trade Route and the Silk Road have in common?

a)

They both caused inflation

b)

They both allowed the spread of Hinduism

c)

They overcame major natural barriers to connect distant lands

d)

Nothing

114.
In which part of Africa was the Kingdom of Ghana located?
a)
North
b)
West
c)
East
d)
South
115.
Ghana and Mali, controlled trade of which TWO items?
a)
Gold and fish
b)
Gold and salt
c)
Gold and timber
d)
Gold and bronze
116.
How did Ghana become so wealthy?
a)
big business
b)
center of trade route
c)
colonies
d)
television
117.

The Trans Saharan Trade Routes are located on which continent?

a)

Africa

b)

Asia

c)

Europe

d)

India

118.

Which religion spread along the Trans Saharan Trade Routes?

a)

Buddhism

b)

Christianity

c)

Islam

d)

Hinduism

119.

What important city was the center of trade on the Trans Saharan Trade Routes?

a)

Timbuktu

b)

Constantinople

c)

Rome

d)

Alexandria

120.

What was used to travel across the Sahara?

a)

Wagons

b)

Ships

c)

Chariots

d)

Camels

121.

Who was the leader of the Mali Empire that travelled to Mecca and was considered the richest man in history?

a)

Julius Caesar

b)

Mansa Musa

c)

Lawrence of Arabia

d)

Augustus Romulus

122.

Why did Mansa Musa make a pilgrimage to Mecca?

a)

For vacation

b)

To go to a university there

c)

Because he was Muslim

d)

He was leading his people to war

123.

What did Mansa Musa do to help spread his religion on his way to Mecca?

a)

Preached

b)

Attacked members of other religions

c)

Built Mosques and schools

d)

Read the Quran to people

124.

Which empire was not located in West Africa?

a)

Ghana

b)

Mali

c)

Songhai

d)

Byzantine

125.

Which famous traveler went from Morocco to Asia through the Middle East?

a)

Ferdinand Magellan

b)

Christopher Columbus

c)

Ibn Battuta

d)

Marco Polo

126.

This ocean is found between Africa, Asia, and Australia

a)

Atlantic Ocean

b)

Arctic Ocean

c)

Indian Ocean

d)

Pacific Ocean

127.

What are groups of merchants and camels that travel together called?

a)

trains

b)

bands

c)

caravans

d)

troops

128.

Why did cities like Jenne and Timbuktu form in West Africa?

a)

They were Islamic holy sites.

b)

They were located in strategic defense points.

c)

They were located along important trade routes.

d)

They were isolated from the outside world.

129.
This was not a West African Kingdom
a)
Songhai
b)
Mali
c)
Ghana
d)
Morocco

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