Which medication can lead to the development of cirrhosis?

Which is a way blood enters the liver?

Which of the following labs is least likely in a cirrhotic patient?

What scoring model is used to describe severity and prognosis, as well as predict complications in cirrhotic patients?

Portal hypertension is defined as a hepatic venous pressure gradient greater than what value?

What is the most common lethal complication of cirrhosis?

What is the gold standard to diagnose varisces?

True or False:

Fibrosis can be reversible if Hepatic stellate cells are depleted before cirrhosis stage is reached.

At what size would you be concerned for possible variceal bleeding?

A pt is found to have a 3 mm varice and fits into Child-Pugh Class B. What is the best appropriate management for this pt?

Which of the following would be a contraindication for non-selective beta blocker therapy?

Which of the following is NOT indicated for an acute variceal hemorrhage?

Which drug is a potent splanchnic vasoconstrictor that helps reduce blood flow to all splanchnic organs, which leads to decrease in portal pressure ?

Which of the following adverse effects should you be aware of before starting Octreotide?

What is the drug of choice for someone presenting with an acute variceal hemorrhage for prophylactic antibiotics?

A pt is has been hemorrhaging due to a large variceal rupture. No pharmacologic intervention has slowed the bleeding. Which of the following could you consider next?

Which of the following in combo is considered the most effective regimen for secondary prophylaxis of pts with a history of variceal bleed?

Which is the safest and most effective option for controlling acute hemorrhage?

What is the most common complication of cirrhosis?

What should be done for every patient with new-onset ascites or hospitalized for complications of cirrhosis?

What value of SAAG would indicate portal hypertension?

A pt presents with new onset of ascites and overall fatigue. Your ascitic fluid analysis reveals PMNs > 250 cells/mm^3. What should you be most concerned of/not miss on diagnosing?

What ratio is important to maintain when starting furosemide and spironolactone for ascites?

You are given a case with new onset of ascites. Which of the following adverse effects should you consider when starting the appropriate drugs?

A 56 year old patient presents with ascites and undergoes paracentesis. His SAAG is calculated to be 1.3. What cause of ascites does this indicate?

Which is a diuretic used in the treatment of ascites?

A pt presents to the ER with abdominal pain. On exam you note that the pt is febrile with increasing ascites. You are suspecting spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. What would most likely be found on the culture of the ascitic fluid?

True or False:

Ascitic fluid, urine, and blood should be drawn for culturing after starting empiric antibiotic therapy.

Antibiotics are indicated if patient presents with ascites and 1 or more

of the following:

A pt returns for follow up after starting treatment for SBP. Labs show a decrease in PMN <25% from baseline. What is the next best step in managing this patient?

A pt presents with a Low ascitic protein (<1.5 g/dL) and BUN 35 mg/dL. What is the best agent option in managing this pt?

A pt presents to the ER with Altered mental status. Upon examining the patient, you notice that the patient is very irritable with loss of motor control. What lab would direct your diagnosis?

What is the first line treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?

Which of the following is an antibiotic that helps alter the gut microbiota to create a more favorable microbiome and less nitrogen production?

What antibiotic is appropriate first-line empiric therapy for active SBP?