Which combination of climate factors generally results in the coldest temperatures?

Base your answer to the following question on the map, which shows an imaginary continent on Earth. Arrows represent prevailing wind directions. Letters A through D represent locations on the continent. Locations A and B are at the same latitude and at the same elevation at the base of the mountains.

The climate at location C is much drier than at location D. This difference is best explained by the fact that location C is located

The map shows average annual temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit across the United States.

Which climatic factor is most important in determining the pattern shown in the eastern half of the United States?

The cross section represents a prevailing wind flow that causes different climates on the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range.

Compared to the temperature and moisture of the air rising on the windward side, the temperature and moisture of the air descending at the same altitude on the leeward side will be

Which ocean current brings warm water to the southeastern coast of Africa?

During explosive volcanic eruptions, large amounts of ash entering Earth’s atmosphere often rise to an altitude of 20 kilometers. What is the most likely effect of this ash cloud?

Which diagram best represents how greenhouse gases in our atmosphere trap heat energy?

The Earth's planetary winds are deflected as a result of the Earth's

Two cities are located at the same latitude and elevation. One city, located in the center of the United States, has cooler winters and warmer summers than the other city, which is located near the coast. Which statement best explains these seasonal differences?

Which event temporarily slows or reverses surface ocean currents in the equatorial region of the Pacific Ocean, causing a disruption of normal weather patterns?

The cross section shows how prevailing winds have caused different climates on the windward and leeward sides of a mountain range.

Why does the windward side of this mountain have a wet climate?

Equal masses of granite, iron, copper, and lead are placed in sunlight. Based on specific heat, which material will warm up the fastest?

A solar water heater contains fluid-filled tubing that absorbs sunlight energy on its outside surface. Which tubing exterior will best absorb insolation?

Urbanization affects the amount of vegetation and runoff in an area by

Which factor causes the surface of Lake Ontario to cool at a slower rate than the surface of the land along the shore of the lake?

The greatest amount of transpiration and evaporation will occur most likely when the air temperature is

Which list contains three major greenhouse gases found in Earth’s atmosphere?

Large volcanic eruptions sometimes send dust and ash into the stratosphere. After these eruptions, global air temperatures are often

Most scientists infer that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere are contributing to

In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is most of Earth’s outgoing terrestrial radiation?

When snow cover on the land melts, the water will most likely become surface runoff if the land surface is

An increase in the transparency of Earth’s atmosphere is often caused by

Which soil characteristic allows greater amounts of water retention?

In New York State, the risk of sunburn is greatest between 11 a.m. and 3 p.m. on summer days because

Which gas in the Earth's upper atmosphere in beneficial to humans because it absorbs large amounts of ultraviolet radiation?

By which process does starlight travel through space?

The diagram shows a laboratory box used to demonstrate the process of convection in the atmosphere.

Which diagram has arrows that show the direction of airflow that occurs when the candle is burning?

The diagram below the spectral lines from the light emitted from a mixture of two gaseous elements in a laboratory on Earth.

If the same two elements were detected in a distant star that was moving away from Earth, how would the spectral lines appear?

Which diagram best illustrates how air rising over a mountain produces precipitation?

The map shows an imaginary continent on Earth. Arrows represent prevailing wind directions. Letters A through D represent locations on the continent. Locations A and B are at the same latitude and at the same elevation at the base of the mountains.

The climate at location C is much drier than at location D. This difference is best explained by the fact that location C is located

The cross section shows two cities, A and B, at different elevations.

Compared to the yearly temperature and precipitation at city B, city A most likely has

London, England, is located at approximately 51° 30' north latitude and 0° longitude. Elmira, New York, is located at approximately 42° 10' north latitude and 76° 54' west longitude. What is one reason why London has a warmer average winter temperature than Elmira?

Which graph best shows the average annual amounts of precipitation received at different latitudes on Earth?

It can be concluded that city C is located in the Southern Hemisphere because city C has

Which event is inferred by most scientists to be responsible for a climate change that has recently led to a decrease in the size of most glaciers?

The cross sections represent three beakers that were used to test porosity. Beakers A, B, and C each contain a different size of bead. Each beaker holds an equal volume of beads. The amount of water needed to fill the total pore space between the beads in each beaker was measured.

Which statement best describes the porosity that was found for these three samples?

The diagram shows columns A, B, C, and D that contain different sediments.

Equal volumes of water were poured through each column. Which column of sediment retained the most water?

Which graph best represents the general relationship between soil particle size and the permeability rate of infiltrating rainwater?

The letters A through D in the cross section represent four of the processes that are part of the water cycle. Which table correctly matches each letter with the process that it represents?

Base your answers on the diagram and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents setups of laboratory equipment, labeled A, B, C, and D. This equipment was used to test the infiltration rate and water retention of four different particle sizes. Each column was filled to the same level with uniform-sized dry, spherical particles. Water was poured into each column until the water level rose to the top of the particles. Then, the clamp was opened to allow the water to drain into the beaker beneath each column.

Which graph best shows the rate of infiltration of water through the particles in these four columns?

The water table usually rises when there is

Earth’s polar regions have cold, dry climates because the Sun’s rays are at a