Artificial stone made by binding together particles of some inert material with a paste made of cement water.

Concrete mixture used in concrete under water and retaining walls.

Concrete mixture used in footings, columns, beams and rc slabs.

Concrete mixture used in concrete plant boxes.

An admixture which is used to speed up the initial set of concrete.

To delay or extend the setting time of the cement paste in concrete.

Basic ingredient in clay

Materials sometimes used in structures where it is desirable to avoid high temperature or in structures exposed to seawater or water containing sulfates.

Made by bonding together thin layers of wood in a way that the grain of each layer is at right angles to the grain of each adjacent layer.

Each layer of plywood

A hard board made from relatively small particles.

A large class of building board made from wood and particles and a binder often faced with veneer.

Metal in which iron is the principal element

containing no, or very little iron

Malleable alloy of iron and carbon produced by melting and refining pig iron and or scrap steel, graded according to the carbon content.

Come from the conifers which have needles instead of leaves.

Come from the broad leaves or deciduous trees.

A thin flat sheet of material

Defects of wood

Caused by the attack of fungi