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Economics Chapter 1 Review

Total questions: 58

Worksheet time: 3hrs 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

If the Pennsylvania state government makes a decision according to the best combination of costs and benefits, they are ___________.

a)

economizing

b)

incentivizing

c)

estimating their utility

d)

setting up a cost-benefit analysis

2.

Shilo is planning a family vacation to the beach. While planning the trip, Shilo is trying to decide if they should go for a long weekend or spend a few extra days and stay for the week. Each additional day they stay will cost money but they will also gain the benefit of being on vacation longer. Which economic concept/tool applies best to this scenario?

a)

incentive

b)

utility

c)

production possibilities curve

d)

cost-benefit analysis

3.

Which of the following is a tool used by economists to show the impact of scarcity on an economy?

a)

production possibilities curve

b)

cost-benefit analysis

c)

opportunity cost

d)

factors of production

4.

The study of how individuals and societies satisfy their unlimited wants with limited resources is known as ____.

a)

economics

b)

choice

c)

factors of production

d)

economize

5.

In economics, the maker of a good or service is known as the ________.

a)

consumer

b)

producer

c)

capital

d)

statistics

6.

A receptionist at a doctor's office.

A carpet installer for a flooring company.

A cyber security expert at a bank.

A police officer.

A garbage collector.

a)

labor

b)

capital

c)

factors of production

d)

marginal cost

7.

A person who buys a good or a service is known as _____.

a)

consumer

b)

producer

c)

entrepreneur

d)

factors of production

8.

Zeb got a raise at work. He is trying to decide if he should invest the extra money or put it towards paying down credit card debt.

The extra money Zeb received is known as _____ in economic terms.

a)

marginal cost

b)

marginal benefit

c)

incentive

d)

utility

9.

The resources used to produce goods and services are known as ______.

a)

factors of production

b)

capital

c)

producer

d)

land

10.

What is being analyzed in this graph?

a)

production possibilities curve

b)

cost-benefit analysis

c)

statistics

d)

marginal benefits

11.

A lawyer

A plumber

A mechanic

Lawn Mowing

Internet

a)

good

b)

service

c)

utility

d)

technology

12.

Saw at a sawmill

Mechanic's tools

Laptop

Printer

Pen

X-Ray equipment at hospital

a)

factors of production

b)

capital

c)

services

d)

goods

13.

The normal price of Pop Tarts is $3.50.

This week they are on sale for $2.00.

There are 3 boxes in your shopping cart. You are trying to decide if the 4th box is worth another $2.00.

What is the additional $2.00 for the 4th box called in economic terms?

a)

marginal cost

b)

marginal benefit

c)

opportunity cost

d)

production possibilities curve

14.

Desires that can be satisfied by consuming a good or service are known as ____.

a)

wants

b)

needs

c)

services

d)

benefits

15.

A greenhouse should be able to produce 400 tomato plants and 300 cucumber plants in a season.

This season, the greenhouse produced 200 tomato plants and 100 cucumber plants.

What economic term best applies to this scenario?

a)

underutilization

b)

impossibility

c)

scarcity

d)

law of increasing opportunity cost

16.

Objects such as food, clothing, and furniture that can be bought are known as ____.

a)

good

b)

service

c)

want

d)

capital

17.

A simplified economic representation of an economic concept like a Production Possibilities Curve,

or Cost-Benefit Analysis is known as a(n) ______.

a)

incentive

b)

economic model

c)

trade-off

d)

scarcity

18.

A Production Possibilities Curve has 4 assumptions that must occur for it to be used. Which of the following is not one of them?

a)

Who will have access to the goods and services produced?

b)

All resources are fully employed.

c)

More resources cannot be added to the production process.

d)

Technology cannot change.

19.

Involves the vision, skills, and risk-taking needed to create and run businesses.

a)

Entrepreneur

b)

Producer

c)

Consumer

d)

Normative economics

20.

The value of something given up to get something else that is wanted is known as the ____ in economics.

a)

opportunity cost

b)

trade-off

c)

efficiency

d)

scarcity

21.

This exists when there are not enough resources to satisfy human wants.

It forces consumers, producers, and governments to make choices when utilizing their limited resources.

a)

scarcity

b)

shortage

c)

underutilization

d)

economics

22.

Producing the maximum amount of goods and services possible is known as ____ and is apparent on a PPC on the curve (frontier).

a)

efficiency

b)

underutilization

c)

production possibilities curves

d)

cost benefit analysis

23.

The benefit or satisfaction received from using a good or service; this economic term is one piece of the decision-making process.

a)

utility

b)

marginal benefit

c)

cost-benefit analysis

d)

efficiency

24.

As production switches from one product to another, increasing amounts of resources are needed to increase the production of the second product. This is known as ___.

a)

opportunity cost

b)

the law of increasing opportunity cost

c)

underutilization

d)

positive economics

25.

water

oil

corn

sand

wheat

cows

natural gas

eggs

a)

goods

b)

services

c)

land

d)

capital

26.

The study of economic behaviors of individuals, families, and businesses as well as prices, costs, competition, and profits.

a)

microeconomics

b)

macroeconomics

c)

positive economics

d)

normative economics

27.

The study of the economy as a whole and large-scale economic activities like tax policy.

a)

microeconomics

b)

macroeconomics

c)

positive economics

d)

normative economics

28.

Economic behavior as it is without judgement or opinion.

"The national unemployment rate is currently 3.8%."

a)

microeconomics

b)

macroeconomics

c)

normative economics

d)

positive economics

29.

Economic statement that involves judgments of what economic behavior ought to be.

"The government should raise taxes. They have run up the national debt and there's no other way they can pay it off."

a)

microeconomics

b)

macroeconomics

c)

positive economics

d)

normative economics

30.

A good that is provided by nature or a government is known as a ____.

Examples of this would include national parks, the post office, education, and prisons.

a)

private good

b)

need

c)

public good

d)

exclusionary good

31.

Why must societies answer the 3 economic questions?

a)

Their citizens will vote them out of office if they don't meet the needs of the people.

b)

They have to determine which goods will be public goods and which goods will be private goods.

c)

Both exclusionary and non-exclusionary goods are necessary for a stable economy.

d)

Scarcity forces societies to make a determination in how they are going to utilize their resources.

32.

A government has to decide if they are going to use their resources to provide education, aid the development of manufacturing, and encourage advancement in technology.

Which of the "3 Economic Questions" does this statement apply to?

a)

What will be produced?

b)

How will it be produced?

c)

Who will have access to it?

d)

What type of labor do we want to have, highly skilled or agrarian?

33.

________________ is the basis for everything in Economics.

a)

Scarcity

b)

Choice

c)

Opportunity Cost

d)

Shortages

34.

Which of the following is NOT an example of the Factors of Production?

a)

Land

b)

Labor

c)

Capital

d)

Law of Increasing Costs

35.

Economics can be described as the study of

a)

money

b)

choices

c)

graphing

d)

price ceilings and price floors

36.

The condition of scarcity can be described as one that

a)

afflicts only poor people and nations

b)

exists when our unlimited needs/wants exceed our limited resources

c)

exists when the opportunity costs of a decision have equal value

d)

only applies to luxury items

37.

Which description is most correct about opportunity cost (OC)?

a)

Impacts small businesses more often than large businesses.

b)

Can be avoided if you have enough money.

c)

Is inherent in all decisions/choices.

d)

Can only be expressed in financial terms.

38.

The difference between scarcity and shortage is

a)

Scarcity is a natural & re-occurring condition; shortage is a man-made, fixable condition.

b)

Shortage only happens with new products.

c)

Shortage is a natural & re-occurring condition; scarcity is a man-made condition.

d)

Shortage is the fundamental, universal economic problem.

39.
The opportunity cost of increasing production from 7 to 9 trucks is
a)
Scarcity
b)
2 boats
c)
2 trucks
d)
3 boats
40.
What can cause a production possibilities curve to move to the right?
a)
thousands of people move out of the country
b)
an epidemic kills thousands of young men and women
c)

a new invention increases the speed of production

d)
the population is growing increasingly old
41.
If a natural disaster strikes, the production possibilities curve can shift
a)
No shift
b)
To the left
c)
To the right
d)
Outward on one axis only
42.

What does point Y represent on the PPC?

a)

Efficiency

b)

Impossibility

c)

Inefficiency

d)

Underutilization

43.

Which of the following is NOT a question that results from scarcity?

a)

What will be produced?

b)

Where will it be produced?

c)

How will it be produced?

d)

For whom will it be produced?

44.

_ is a way of describing and explaining economics as it is, not as it should be.


_ is a way of describing and explaining what economic behavior ought to be, not what it actually is.

a)

Macroeconomics; Microeconomics

b)

Microeconomics; Macroeconomics

c)

Positive Economics; Normative Economics

d)

Normative Economics; Positive Economics

45.
What happens in the product market? 
a)
Income is received for supplying land, labor, or capital.
b)
Governments collect taxes from firms and consumers.
c)

Businesses purchase the factors of production from households.

d)
Households purchase the goods and services that firms produce.
46.

In what market do businesses sell goods and services to households?

a)

Product Market

b)

Factor Market

c)

Resource Market

47.

In what market are the factors of production bought and sold?

a)

Product Market

b)

Factor Market

48.

In a free market economy, who owns the resources?

a)

businesses

b)

the federal government

c)

households

d)

local governments

49.

A person stocks shelves at a grocery store and receives a wage. They have completed an exchange in which part of the circular flow model?

a)

Individuals

b)

Businesses

c)

Factor Market

d)

Product Market

50.

Someone buys a car in exchange for a large amount of money. They have completed an exchange in which part of the circular flow model?

a)

Product Market

b)

Factor Market

c)

Firms/Businesses

d)

Individuals

51.

What is a public good?

a)

A good that cannot be used up; it is available to all

b)

A good supplied by a business

c)

A good that is consumed by one consumer and then is used up

d)

What households provide to the government

52.

What is a private good?

a)

A good provided by the government

b)

A good that can not be used up

c)

A good that is consumed by one consumer then used up

d)

A good given by households to the government

53.

Governments provide businesses with public goods and in return businesses give____________ to the government.

a)

Goods/services

b)

Money

c)

Labor

d)

Taxes

54.
What is being represented by the "green flow lines"?
a)
the flow of money
b)

flow of goods and services

55.
What is being represented by the "red flow line"?
a)
The flow of money
b)
The flow of goods and services
56.

This diagram is called a:

a)

Production Possibilities Curve

b)

Supply and Demand Curve

c)

Circular Flow Model

d)

Circular Motion Equation

57.
Place where buyers and sellers meet to exchange goods and services for money
a)
Market
b)
Factor of production
c)
Money
d)

Public Goods Store

58.
Look at the picture.  What should replace Y?
a)
Consumers
b)

Firms/Businesses

c)
Factors
d)
Revenue