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WorksheetsResources 5.7A, 5.9D and 4.7C
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 25mins
Which statement best describes the processes of weathering and erosion?
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the breakdown of any type of rock into smaller particles and the carrying away of the loose sediments.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for depositing loose sediments on the bottom of the ocean, forming layers of sediment.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the amount of water in a river that transports sediments to the sea.
Weathering and erosion are directly responsible for the transportation, deposition and compaction of loose sediments on the seafloor.
Which diagram models the process of compaction leading to the formation of Sedimentary Rock?
F
G
H
J
Erosion is one of the processes involved in the formation of Sedimentary Rock. Which of these best describes the process of erosion?
Rocks are broken into smaller pieces that remain in the same location.
Pressure compacts layers of sediment and turns them into rock.
Pieces of rock or soil are carried from one place to another.
Sediment grains fall to the bottom of a lake to form Sedimentary Rock.
Some students make a model to show one of the first steps in the formation of sedimentary rock. The students pour 2 centimeters of light-colored sand into a clear plastic box. Then they add 1 centimeter of gravel. Finally they pour 2 centimeters of dark-colored sand on top of the gravel. Which characteristic of sedimentary rock does this model best show?
Sedimentary rock is made of layers.
Sedimentary rock is cemented bits of rock.
Sedimentary rock is often limestone.
Sedimentary rock is common in Texas.
The model below shows layers of sediment on the floor of an ocean. Which of the following best explains how these layers can become rock over many years?
Sand in the sediment melts and turns into rock.
The weight of the water compacts the sediment into rock.
Changing water temperatures turn sand in the sediment into rock.
Pollution caused by humans turns the sediment into rock.
The diagram below shows the sequence of the processes that turn solid rock into sandstone. Which two processes best complete this diagram?
Melting and cooling
Erosion and compaction
Compaction and cementation
Evaporation and dissolving
Sedimentary rocks form when broken bits of other rock are deposited and then –
buried and squeezed and cemented together.
melted by the heat of the Earth’s core.
completely dissolved in salt water in the ocean.
used by humans as a natural resource.
In addition to long periods of time, all of the following are necessary for the formation of sedimentary rock EXCEPT –
extreme heat.
organic matter.
various sediment.
intense pressure.
Several layers of sedimentary rock are illustrated. They are in the same order as when they first formed. Which layer formed first?
Rock Layer W
Rock Layer X
Rock Layer Y
Rock Layer Z
Which of the following is a process that creates the sediments that form sedimentary rock?
Wind, water, and ice breaking rock into smaller pieces
Heat from the earth melting rock below the surface
Volcanoes putting out lava that cools to form new rock
Continents pushing together to fold layers of rock
Which of the following locations would most likely produce sedimentary rock after much time has passed?
A beach where sand is being deposited
A mountain that receives snow year round
A volcano that erupts frequently
A rocky desert that is windy all the time
Small particles of broken down rock can be formed into sedimentary rock when they are buried and then -
melted completely because of extreme heat.
compressed and cemented together.
pushed upward and exposed to wind and water.
contaminated by underground nuclear material.
Most sedimentary rock forms in the ocean. This is because oceans -
emit much less pollution than most other habitats
receive the majority of the Sun's energy
have fewer plants and animals than on land
are where most bits of broken rock get deposited
Which of the following describes the formation of sedimentary rocks in the correct order?
Weathering, Erosion, Compaction, Deposition, Cementation
Weathering, Cementation, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
Weathering, Deposition, Erosion, Compaction, Cementation
Which of the following correctly completes the Sedimentary Rock Cycle?
A = Compaction, B = Erosion, C = Cementation
A = Erosion, B = Compaction, C = Cementation
A = Cementation, B = Compaction, C = Erosion
A = Erosion, B = Cementation, C = Compaction
What is a fossil?
The preserved remains of a dead plant or animal found in a rock
Fuels that formed from the decayed remains of plants and animals
A solid natural material that has a crystal form and its own set of properties
A resource that can replace itself in a relatively short period of time
Most fossils are found in –
frozen rock
igneous rock
sedimentary rock
metamorphic rock
Which layer of sedimentary rock is the oldest?
1
2
3
4
What type of environment existing when this imprint of a fern leaf was created?
Desert
Forest
Ocean
Tundra
Which layer of sedimentary rock is the youngest (newest)?
1
2
3
4
This diagram represents the layers of the earth and fossils found in each layer. Based on the drawing, which imprint is the oldest?
Freshwater clam shells
Fish bones
Fern imprints
Leaf imprints
Based on the image, what type of environment did this organism live in?
This organism lived in an ocean.
This organism lived in a river.
This organism lived on land.
This organism lived in a lake.
The diagram represents the layers found inside a rocky cliff. The rock layers contain fossils. Which of the following layers of rock is most likely the youngest?
The layer containing trilobites.
The layer containing fishes.
The layer containing amphibians.
The layer containing mammals.
This table gives information for different kinds of fossils. Finding which kind of fossil would lead to the conclusion that the area where it was found was, long ago, under hundreds of meters of salt water?
Finding fossils in an area can help us learn what about that location?
Which places in the region receive the most sunlight
The effect of the climate on the formation of soil
How modern plants and animals interact there
The kinds of organisms that lived there long ago
This table gives information on different fossils. According to the information on the table, finding which fossil in a region would lead to the conclusion that the area was, long ago, covered with trees?
This rock contains fossils of water plants and shells. What does this tell us about the rock?
The rock contains many living things
The rock needs to be cleaned with water
The rock is heavier than most rocks
The rock was once at the bottom of the sea
The picture shows a rock found in Texas. Which of the following best illustrates that the rock was formed from ocean sediments?
The number of fossils in the rock
The size of the fossils in the rock
The place where the rock was found
The type of fossils in the rock
An ancient fossil of a fish was found in a dry area. What does this suggest about how this area used to look?
The land was a dense forest
The land was a dry dessert
There was once water in the area
The fossil was moved because there could not have been water there in the past
Fossil trees were discovered in a sedimentary rock layer. In the rock layer below are fossils of clams, similar to clams that are currently found on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico. Based on this evidence, we could conclude that the area where the fossils were discovered had what sequence of climates in the past?
Beach, followed by a forest
Rocky and dry, then very moist
Forest, and later a mountain
Very cold area, then much warmer
The diagram above shows layers of sedimentary rock in the Earth’s crust. In which layer of rock should a scientist expect to find the oldest fossils?
Layer M
Layer N
Layer O
Layer P
How do scientists learn about dinosaurs?
by studying fossils
by reading about them
by watching movies
by looking at pictures
A resource is considered renewable if it -
can be created only over millions of years.
is made of Earth's materials like rocks and minerals.
can be replaced in a relatively short amount of time.
is useful to humans in making energy and materials.
Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
paper
coal
milk
water
Students were asked to generate a list that contained nothing but renewable resources. Which student was the only one to make a correct list?
student A
student B
student C
student D
Using public transportation, like trains and buses, rather than cars helps conserve nonrenewable resources because public transportation -
requires the removal of trees to make roads and tracks.
needs more water to maintain than the same number of cars.
uses less fossil fuels to move people from place to place.
involves using much more paper for printed materials.
A student created a chart classifying resources as renewable or non-renewable, but has made a mistake. Which resources should actually be classified an non-renewable and why?
Animals, because they grow old and die.
Plants, because there are so many kinds.
Minerals, since they are replaced very slowly.
Wind, because sometimes the wind does not blow.
To save and use a resource carefully.
renewable
nonrenewable
conservation
resource
A resource that can be replaced in a human lifetime.
renewable
nonrenewable
conservation
resource
A resource that cannot be replaced in a human lifetime.
renewable
nonrenewable
conservation
resource
Something used on Earth.
renewable
nonrenewable
conservation
resource
Paper that you write on:
renewable
nonrenewable
Pencil that you write with:
renewable
nonrenewable
Gasoline you put in the car:
renewable
nonrenewable
Water you swim in:
renewable
nonrenewable
