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WorksheetsWH Unit 14 Test: New Nations Emerge (1945-Present)
Total questions: 59
Worksheet time: 30mins
Which person is most responsible for working with the Muslim League to create Pakistan, a separate nation carved out of India for Muslims?
Muhammad Ali
Muhammed Ali Jinnah
Mahatma Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
What geographical oddity complicated things for Pakistan initially?
It was split into two completely different geographic regions on either side of India: East & West Pakistan.
It was split into two completely different geographic regions on either side of India: North & South Pakistan.
Pakistan was made up mostly of Hindu-dominated land, despite being created for Muslims.
Pakistan is too mountainous to be of any agricultural use to the Muslims living there.
When Pakistan was formed, many Hindus & Sikhs moved out and Muslims moved in; there was mass violence between the groups in their travels. What horrific event finally caused violence to cool down in 1948.
Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated.
Indira Gandhi was assassinated.
The Golden Palace was attacked.
Israel gained independence and this distracted the Muslims from attacking the Hindus.
Island south of India that gained independence from Britain in 1948, made up of a majority of Buddhists & minority of Hindus.
Sri Lanka
Myanmar
Cuba
Borneo
Which of the following did NOT happen during the time of Jawaharlal Nehru's government in India from 1947-1964.
secular modernization
Food output rose
Population fell
Discrimination based on caste was outlawed.
Dalits were allowed access to education.
Why was Indira Gandhi assasinated?
Was trying to make peace during the 1948 violence between Sikhs, Hindus, and Muslims
Ordered an attack on the Golden Temple in response to peaceful protests by the Sikhs.
Ordered an attack on the Hindu Mosque after a peaceful protest by the Muslims.
She was not respected as a female prime minister in Hindu tradition.
Nation formerly known as East Pakistan, inhabited mostly by Bengalis. It is susceptible to flooding, overcrowded, and 50 million people are in poverty.
India
Bangladesh
Myanmar
Afghanistan
People who want a government based upon Islamic principles (Sharia law) are best described as _____.
Sunni
Shiite
Islamic fundamentalists
Islamic secularists
Which country in South Asia/the Middle East is MOST associated with Taliban control?
Iraq
Iran
Pakistan
Afghanistan
Terrorist organization headed up by Osama bin Laden, responsible for the 9/11 terrorist attacks that took down the World Trade Center in New York City.
The Taliban
Al Qaeda
ISIL
ISIS
Which of these statements best describes "microcredit" as it relates to South Asia?
Poor credit scores among the dalits and peasant castes.
A small unit of currency that only the lower castes use for trade among themselves.
Credit given to the poor so they can start small craft businesses or buy a milk cow, etc.
Credit given to the poor in India so they can affort to move from mules and motorcycles to small cars like the Tata Nano.
Countries shown in red.
1st World Countries
2nd World Countries
3rd World Countries
Countries shown in blue.
1st World Countries
2nd World Countries
3rd World Countries
Countries shown in green.
1st World Countries
2nd World Countries
3rd World Countries
Which of the following characteristics to all 3rd world countries share?
nonalignment
widespread poverty
economic dependence upon Western powers
dominant religions other than Christianity
alliance with the US and/or the Soviet Union
Which of the following Southeast Asian countries has the highest distribution of wealth among the choices? (The correct answer has oil, rubber, timber, and electronics industries).
Myanmar
Malaysia
Philippines
Indonesia
Has spent much of the 20th & 21st century isolated from the rest of the world, almost like North Korea, with a harsh, autocratic military government suppressing efforts at democracy.
Myanmar
Malaysia
Philippines
Indonesia
Collection of 13,000 islands, dominated by a population that is 90% Javanese, and 90% Muslim. They seized East Timor, a Catholic region, but has to grant them independence in 2002; since then, they have had better foreign relations.
Myanmar
Malaysia
Philippines
Indonesia
Gained independence from the United States, was ruled by a dictator from the 1960s to the 1980s; struggles with poverty and unrest among Huks (peasant communist rebels).
Myanmar
Malaysia
Philippines
Indonesia
Where do most people live in Africa?
fertile regions
deserts
rainforests
savannas
Most of the African independence movements were nonviolent. They were the most violent in areas where there were a lot of _____.
warring tribes centuries ago.
white settlers.
former slave colonies
wild animals to poach.
Based upon our discussion of African independence movements, leaders of those movements usually _____.
became dictators that exploited their own people for personal gain.
became elected officials that started successful parliaments.
became martyrs for their cause, dead before seeing their dreams come into fruition.
became American citizens and left Africa to study democracy.
What is a coup d'etat?
A French croissant, popular among the people in former French colonies in Africa.
The forcible overthrow of a government.
The forcible institution of a democracy in a formerly dictatorial government.
A coupe that can also be a convertible because it has a retractable hardtop.
Which two nations competed for influence in Africa in the second half of the twentieth century, due to the Cold War?
The US and the Soviet Union
The US and Britain
Britain and Germany
Britain and the Soviet Union.
Formerly known as the Gold Coast, this country won independence, but went into debt shortly after by constructing a dam, and fell under dictatorial rule. In the 80's, Jerry Rawlings brought democracy. Their economy is based on oil, cocoa, and gold.
Ghana
Kenya
Algeria
Congo
Nigeria
This country moved to independence through violence, due to having many white settlers. The Mau Mau Wars finally pushed out the British, and Jomo Kenyatta & his successors held dictatorships. They have a thriving tourism industry because of big game hunting.
Ghana
Kenya
Algeria
Congo
Nigeria
This is a former French colony, nearest to Sicily. A civil war between Islamic militants and the military rocked the country in the '90s, and there is still danger of terrorism there. They have oil, but also high poverty and unemployment.
Ghana
Kenya
Algeria
Congo
Nigeria
This is a former Belgian colony rich in gold and diamonds. It is mostly rainforest. They won their independence in 1960, but chaos and a harsh dictatorship under Colonel Joseph Mobutu lasted for 32 years afterward.
Ghana
Kenya
Algeria
Congo
Nigeria
This country gained independence from Britain in 1960, but has had many military coups since. The oil-rich southern region started a civil war when they seceded to form Biafra. Radical Islamists in the region have tried to institute Sharia law recently, and environmentalist have attacked oil field workers.
Ghana
Kenya
Algeria
Congo
Nigeria
Which of the statements best explains the genocide and chaos in Rwanda and Burundi?
The Twa people, a vicious pygmy race, have attacked Hutu and Tutsi tribes in the region, blaming them for all the famine the country has suffered.
In the colonial period, Hutu were favored over the Tutsi because the Hutu worked the land. The Tutsi oppressed the Hutu in revenge once they were independent.
In the colonial period, Tutsi were favored over the Hutu because they herded cattle, putting them in a higher class.. The Hutu majority oppressed the Tutsi minority in revenge once they were independent.
The Twa and the Tutsi herded cattle. The Hutu worked the land. The white settlers wanted all the cattle and land, so they paid the Twa to kill all the Hutu and Tutsi.
What is the significance of Darfur?
Dictator Omar-al Bashir was accused of crimes against humanity there, and the US & UN have had to intervene in violence between black and Arab Muslims.
Dictator Omar al-Bashir has been convicted of crimes against humanity for his systemic genocide of the Tutsi minority.
Dictator Jomo Kenyatta has been accused of systematically eliminating Muslims to seize full government control of the oil industry.
It was a hot button area during the height of the Iran Hostage Crisis.
Why is there so much unrest in the Middle East?
Problems all arise from the colonial period.
It is a "world crossroads" of many ethnicities and religions, and it is rich in oil.
It is a "world crossroads" of many ethnicities and religions, but it is dependent upon the West for oil and manufactured goods.
Most of the region is in abject poverty. The heat of the desert causes anger among the people.
What particularly contributed to violence and disunity in Iraq and Bahrain?
Sunni minority ruling over a Shiite majority.
Shiite minority ruling over a Sunni majority.
Muslim minority ruling over a Jewish majority.
Kurdish minority ruling over a Muslim majority.
These people have their own language and culture. They are mostly Muslim but form an important minority group that is present in Turkey, Iran, and Iraq. They have long pushed for a homeland of their own, but their pleas have been rejected. They have been oppressed by people like Saddam Hussein.
Kurds
Turks
Arabs
Jews
Why did the Palestinian Arabs object to the creation of a Jewish homeland (Israel) in the Palestine mandate?
They were sympathetic to the Nazi party.
They were Christians.
They felt they were promised the land for helping the British in WWI.
They felt that they were promised the land for helping the Ottoman Empire in WWII.
What is the "Right of Return" law?
A law Israel passed allowing Israeli citizenship to any Jew in the world who wants it.
A law Israel passed allowing any Jew in Europe to moved to Israel and take the citizenship test.
A law Israel passed outlining the steps they would take in returning the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt.
A law Palestine passed to allow the return of the Gaza Strip to Israel.
Under Anwar Sadat, this country finally made peace with Israel. In return, Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula to this country. Sadat was assassinated shortly after.
Egypt
Tunisia
Jordan
Syria
A pro-democracy movement in the Arab world that began in Tunisia, but spread throughout the Middle East. There was a positive change in regime in some countries, but also a rise in violence Islamic fundamentalist control in some countries.
Arab Spring
Islamic Revolution
Kurdish Spring
The Caliphate's Revenge
Which picture best represents what life in Iran was like under the shah from the 1950s until the 1970s?
Why did Islamic fundamentalists like Ayatollah Khomeini hate Iran being under the control of the shah?
He was allied too closely with the west, and headed up a secular government that granted rights for women that did not align with their traditions.
He had nationalized the oil industry, taking away a lot of jobs that had been provided by the Islamic fundamentalists Western allies.
He was Jewish.
He ruled based on Sharia Law, and the Islamic fundamentalists really wanted a secular government instead.
Which event(s) are most associated with Ayatollah Khomeini's newfound power in Iran?
Select any that apply.
The Iran Hostage Crisis
Granting of rights to women.
The Iran-Iraq War
The Gulf War
Operation Iraqi Freedom
A modern republic since the 1920s, this country is the geographical and cultural bridge between Europe and the Middle East.
Turkey
Syria
Iraq
Lebanon
Saudi Arabia
Organization of oil-producing nations that are responsible for the 1973 oil crisis during the Yom Kippur war.
ISIS
ISIL
OPEC
The Arab Spring
This country has one of the world's largest oil reserves and exports a lot of oil to the US, making them an ally. They are committed to Wahhabism, a puritanical form of Islam. The country is wealthy.
Turkey
Syria
Iraq
Lebanon
Saudi Arabia
Which of these countries require women to wear the hijab by law?
Iran
Syria
Saudi Arabia
Iraq
Afghanistan
The "Three No's" that Arab nation issued after the 1967 Six Day War with Israel.
Select all three.
No recognition of Israel.
No negotiations with Israel.
No peace with Israel.
No Arabs can live in Israel.
No trade with Israel.
Which of these statements best describes Yasir Arafat and the PLO?
They are behind the 9/11 terrorist attacks, and have harbored weapons of mass destruction.
They have gained prominence in Iraq since the end of Saddam's regime, and have weapons of mass destruction on the Israeli border.
They have hijacked planes, killed Israeli athletes in Munich, and started intifadas against Israel in hopes of pressuring them to create a Palestinian state.
They work to restore full Jewish control of Jerusalem and rid the area of Palestinian Arab influence.
This country was embroiled in a civil war from 1975-1990. Since then, things have stabilized there, but pressure from Palestinian refugees and an ongoing civil war in a neighboring country threaten that stability as of 2022.
Turkey
Syria
Iraq
Lebanon
Saudi Arabia
This country has been in a civil war since the Arab Spring in 2012. The civil war has been waged between the Assad regime and pro-democracy Islamic extremists. The Assad regime has used chemical weapons. As of 2022, the death toll there has reached 350,000.
Turkey
Syria
Iraq
Lebanon
Saudi Arabia
Majority of Muslims in Iraq (65%), minority in other parts of the world; believed Islam should be run by Muhammed’s descendents.
Sunnis
Shiites
Kurds
Wahhabis
90% of Muslims in the rest of the world, but minority in Iraq (35%); believed Islam should be run by the most qualified leaders.
Sunnis
Shiites
Kurds
Wahhabis
An Al Qaeda breakaway that seized parts of northern and eastern Iraq, and have been involved in the Syrian civil war. They target Shiites, Armenian Christians, and take hostages from the West, publicly executing many.
ISIS/ISIL
The Taliban
The PLO
The Arab Spring
Why did the United States invade Iraq in the early 2000s?
The US was trying to protect Kuwait from Saddam's invasion.
Saddam was murdering Kurdish people systematically and planning to attack Saudi Arabia, then conquer Egypt next, before surrounding and nuking Israel.
The US felt that Osama bin Laden was there.
The US had intelligence that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction, which he had used in the past against the Kurds.
The Persian Gulf region has seen numerous wars in recent years. What information on this map suggests one reason why this region is so important to the nations of the industralized world?
The Persian Gulf contains many fish to help with fishing industry and is a direct link to the Arabian Sea
The location of Baghdad on the map is good for commerce and trade
the industralized world needs oil and there are many oil and gas fields on the map
these countries have open borders, which allow sfree trade to cross lines with no taxes
Why did Sunni control of government in Iraq create tension in that country?
the Sunnis did not share power with other groups in Iraq
The Sunnis angered the United States by invading Kuwait
The Sunnis supported Kurdish calls for independence
The Sunnis called for the overthrow of Saddam Hussein
What is one way in which the Israeli-Palestinian conflict affected Lebanon?
Lebanon was forced to give up its claims on Jerusalem
Israel has seized territory formerly belonging to Lebanon
The government of Lebanon has threatened to invade Israel
The influx of Palestinian refugees contributed to the unrest in Lebanon
What is one reason that peace between Israel and the Palestinians has been so difficult to achieve?
Israel will not give up its settlements on the Sinai Peninsula
Both Israel and the Palestinians claim Jerusalem as their capital
The PLO continues to deny Israel's right to exist
Jordan and Syria have refused to negotiate with Israel
Read each questions, and choose the best answer. Which conclusion is BEST supported by this map?
Ghana was the first African nation to achieve independence
nations in North Africa generally won independence earlier than sub-Saharan nations
Most nations in Africa won independence as a direct result of World War II
By 1970, there were no longer any European colonies in Africa
Complete the sentence with the best answer. "No people without a government of their own can expect to be treated on the same level as peoples of independent soverign states. It is far better to be free to govern or misgovern yourself than to be governed by anyone else." - Kwame Nkrumah, Autobiography. Which statement BEST summarizes Nkrumah's main point in the passage quoted above?
Independence must be achieved by violent means if necessary
Independence will solve all of Africa's problems
the benefits of independence outweigh the challenges
Most African nations were not adequately prepared for self-government
