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Use the diagram to answer the following question.

 Which type of molecule is the end product of the processes shown in the diagram?

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Water is essential to all living things. One important attribute of water allows it to maintain a constant environment within cells. Which property of water allows it to do this?

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 The fluid inside living things is water based. All other nutrients needed by living things exist in the environment. Living things must obtain the nutrients from their environment in order to thrive. Once the nutrients are obtained, they must be dissolved into the fluid in order to be useful. What property of water best explains why organisms are able to obtain and use nutrients from their environment? 

An experimenter has an idea for a new additive to improve the taste of bottled water so that consumers may increase their water consumption for improved health purposes.  She has researched the chemistry of the compound safety and spoken with some of her friends about whether there is a need for this product.  She has also spoken with an investment team for potential markets.  What step is missing from her scientific process?      

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A cross between a white chicken (bb) and a black chicken (BB) produces the offspring illustrated in the picture.

What type of inheritance is shown?

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In cattle, the allele for cloven hooves (H) is dominant over the allele for mule-foot hooves (h). The phenotype for each trait is shown in this picture. What is the probability of cloven hooves in the offspring of parents that are heterozygous for the trait?

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 The inheritance pattern for an autosomal dominant trait is shown in the pedigree. Shaded symbols represent individuals that express the dominant trait. Based on this pedigree, what are the most likely genotypes of individuals I-1 and I-2?

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 A genetic cross involving two unlinked genes is represented as AaGG x aaGg. Which genotype is NOT possible in the offspring produced by the cross?

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 Snapdragon flowers can have red petal color (RR) and white petal color (rr), and follows incomplete dominance. If two heterozygous snapdragons are crossed, what percentage of the offspring would be pink?   

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Lionfish are a predatory reef fish that feeds on native populations. They are currently found in Southeastern US coastal waters from Florida to North Carolina, and appeared around 1985 from an unknown cause. These fish have venomous spines for defending themselves from their natural predators, which are absent from the Atlantic Ocean area that they have been found in. Therefore, divers and fishermen are allowed to harvest and dispose of them, but not to feed them to another animal as that would be inhumane. How would lionfish be classified?      

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In the coastal waters off western North America, there is a starfish species that feeds primarily on mussels, another marine organism. In an experimental area, the starfish were removed from the waters. The effect of this removal is shown in the graph below. What conclusion can be made regarding the role of the starfish in this ecosystem?

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 The governments of many countries have regulations that are designed to prevent the accidental introduction of non-native insects into their countries. Which of the following is the best explanation for why the governments may not want these nonnative insects in their countries?   

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Overfishing is causing the decline of fish populations, such as Eastern Atlantic bluefin tuna in the Mediterranean. Eastern Atlantic bluefin tuna are caught faster than they can reproduce. Which statement describes the most likely effect that overfishing will have on this ecosystem?    

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 Roads are often built through forests for industrial purposes or as land is developed for residential and commercial needs. How would road construction through a forest most likely affect the ecosystem?