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WorksheetsRC4 Practice- Biological Processes and Systems
Total questions: 170
Worksheet time: 3hrs 33mins
Which biomolecule has C,H,O with no ratio?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule has C,H,O,N,P?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
For which biomolecule is the monomer an amino acid?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
For which biomolecule is the monomer a monosaccharide?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
A polysaccharide, or starch, is a polymer of which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
DNA and RNA are polymers of which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule is the MAIN source of energy?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule is found in all cell membranes and also includes some steroid hormones?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Saturated and unsaturated are terms most closely associated with which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Cellulose and glycogen are examples of which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Four levels of structure and R groups are associated with which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Identify the biomolecule pictured.
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule has C,H,O in a 1:2:1 ratio?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule has C,H,O,N and sometimes S?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
For which biomolecule is the monomer a nucleotide?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
For which biomolecule is the monomer a fatty acid?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Triglycerides are polymers of which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule contains the MOST energy gram for gram?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule stores your genetic information?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule is found in plant cell walls, and can be a source of dietary fiber?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Which biomolecule performs most of the jobs inside our cells, including storage, transport, and enzymes?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Nonpolar and hydrocarbon are terms most closely associated with which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Phosphate groups and nitrogen bases are associated with which biomolecule?
carbohydrate
lipid
nucleic acid
protein
Hydrogen bonds can form between regions of polar molecules that are
nonpolar
negatively charged
oppositely charged
uncharged (neutral)
When placed in the same container, oil and water do not mix because
they are both polar
water is polar and oil is nonpolar
they are both nonpolar
water is nonpolar and oil is polar
What makes the 20 amino acids different from one another?
different carboxyl groups
different R groups
different amino groups
different peptide bonds
What kind of bond holds amino acids together?
peptide bond
ionic bond
amino bond
nitrogen bond
Which is true of polysaccharides?
sugars are polysaccharides
polysaccharides are special lipids
cellulose and starch are found in plants, and glycogen in animals
cellulose, glycogen, and starch are all only found in plants
Which is NOT true about the differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA has deoxyribose, RNA has ribose
DNA double stranded, RNA single stranded
DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil
DNA and RNA have different phosphate groups
Which is NOT part of a nucleotide?
phosphate group
pentose sugar
nitrogenous base
glucose
Which is true of unsaturated fatty acids?
they only contain single bonds
they are solid at room temperature
they are polar because they contain extra oxygen atoms
they contain one or more double bonds
Why is carbon able to form large molecules?
it only bonds with hydrogen
it forms covalent bonds with up to 4 other atoms
it forms very strong ionic bonds
it dissolves in water
Which of the following biomolecules can also be considered a macromolecule?
nucleotide
protein
disaccharide
amino acid
Which is true of polymers?
polymers join to create large monomers
polymers contain many monomers
polymers are made using the process of hydrolysis
polymers are broken down using condensation reactions
Which process joins monomers by removing water?
dehydration synthesis
hydrolysis
monomer hydration
polymer lysis
A biology student dissolves 2 grams of salt into a large beaker of water. Which is true about this mixture?
the salt water mixture is the solute
the salt is the solvent
the water is the solvent
the salt dissolves because the water is nonpolar
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
Which statement explains how consumers depend upon producers for their survival?
Producers make glucose and carbon dioxide for consumers to use during cellular respiration.
Producers make glucose and oxygen for consumers to use during cellular respiration.
Producers require glucose and oxygen that consumers make during cellular respiration.
What is the main source of energy in photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide
glucose
light
oxygen
The concept map below shows the flow of energy and materials in photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Which molecules are represented in the figure by the number 2?
H2O and O2
H2O and CO2
sugars and O2
sugars and CO2
Which of the following represents the process of photosynthesis?
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O
6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
2 H2O → 2 H2 + O2
2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O
What does the following word equation represent?
Glucose + Oxygen --> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
photosynthesis
regeneration
cellular respiration
transpiration
The diagram shows a system in which energy is transformed. Which energy transformation takes place in the plant, Rudbeckia hirta?
Thermal energy is transformed into solar energy
Solar energy is transformed into thermal energy
Solar energy is transformed into chemical energy
Thermal energy is transformed into electrical energy
Cells perform many different processes that an organism needs to survive and grow. Which is the main function of the process of cellular respiration?
the production of sugar
the release of energy
the formation of new proteins for the cell
the removal of waste products from the cell
How does water enter the plant?
Through the roots of the plant.
Through the top of the leaf.
Through the pistil in the flower.
Through the stomata in the underside of the leaf.
Exit: Carbon dioxide
Exit: Glucose
Exit: Oxygen
Exit: Water vapor
Enzymes are an example of
lipids
proteins
carbohydrates
nucleic acids
What is the function of an enzyme?
speed up chemical reactions
slow down chemical reactions
raise the activation energy
reduce number of chemical reactions in the cell
How do enzymes manage to increase the rate of chemical reactions?
reduce the number of products
increase the temperature in the cell
decrease the activation energy
increase concentration of reactants
The substance an enzyme acts upon is called
substrate
nucleus
ribosome
coenzyme
After the enzyme binds to the substrate and performs the chemical reaction, what happens to the substrate?
substrate is unchanged
becomes product(s)
remains attached to the enzyme
becomes an enzyme also
In the diagram, what is letter A?
substrate(s)
active site
enzyme-substrate complex
product(s)
enzyme
In the diagram, what is letter B?
substrate(s)
active site
enzyme-substrate complex
product(s)
enzyme
In the diagram, what is letter C?
substrate(s)
active site
enzyme-substrate complex
product(s)
enzyme
In the diagram, what is letter D?
substrate(s)
active site
enzyme-substrate complex
product(s)
enzyme
In the diagram, what is letter E?
substrate(s)
active site
enzyme-substrate complex
product(s)
enzyme
Enzymes provide a site where reactants can be brought together in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. What is this site?
reaction site
active site
inactive site
allosteric site
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme?
0°C
25°C
30°C
47°C
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction, but it can only be used once.
true
false
What happens when an enzyme is heated to a high temperature?
nothing happens
the enzyme becomes more efficient
the enzyme's amino acid sequence changes
the enzyme is denatured
Which of these factors can affect the rate of enzyme activity?
substrate concentration
temperature
pH
presence of inhibitor molecules
light intensity
Which of these factors can denature an enzyme?
substrate concentration
temperature
pH
presence of inhibitor molecules
light intensity
What does it mean for an enzyme to be denatured?
temporarily inactive
permanent shape change
it will not function normally
it works more efficiently
Which letter corresponds to the reaction pathway without an enzyme?
A
B
C
D
Which letter corresponds to the reaction pathway WITH an enzyme?
A
B
C
D
Which letter corresponds to the activation energy without an enzyme?
A
B
C
D
Which letter corresponds to the activation energy WITH an enzyme?
A
B
C
D
What is activation energy?
energy needed to begin a reaction
energy needed to end a reaction
The graph shows how enzymes affect chemical reactions in cells. Which best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
enzymes increase the energy of the reactants
enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction
enzymes decrease the energy level of the products
enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction
The scientific model of enzyme action is referred to as
lock and key model
reduced fit model
Davson-Danielli model
substrate product model
When a molecule can occupy the same active site as the substrate, a situation called __ can result.
competitive inhibition
allosteric inhibition
increased activity
optimalization
Receptor site on an enzyme where another molecule can bind, changing the shape of the enzyme; temporarily inactivating it...
active site
allosteric site
product site
denaturation site
What is the function of a catalyst?
reactant in a chemical reaction
speed up a chemical reaction
product in a chemical reaction
slow down a chemical reaction
Lactose is found in milk products. It is converted by the body into a usable form in a series of chemical reactions. The diagram shows the series of reactions that convert lactose into a usable form. If Enzyme 2 is denatured, the levels of which substance will increase?
Lactose
Galactose
Galactose-1-phosphate
Glucose-6-phosphate
Plant cell walls are made of...
cellulose
peptidoglycan
chitin
phospholipids
Xylem transports ___ and phloem transports ___.
sugars; water
water; sugars
both transport sugars
both only transport water
What is it called when structures containing male gametophytes are transferred to the female part of a plant?
fertilization
pollination
double fertilization
meiosis
Anchors plants in ground; absorbs water and nutrients.
roots
stems
leaves
Support upper plant structures; transport water and sugars.
roots
stems
leaves
Most of photosynthesis and gas exchange.
roots
stems
leaves
Tissue that transports water and sugars
ground tissue
dermal tissue
vascular tissue
Increases surface area for absorption of water and nutrients.
root cap
guard cells
leaves
root hairs
Waxy outer layer of plant that prevents water loss.
guard cells
mesophyll
cuticle
vein
The veins, or vascular bundles, in a leaf contain...
mesophyll cells
xylem and phloem
ground tissue
lots of stomata
Which plant, A or B, most likely has stomata that are closed?
A
B
Attract pollinators to angiosperms
sepals
anthers
stigma
petals
pertains to male part of flower
anther
stamen
pistil
stigma
pollen grains
pertains to female part of flower
pistil
carpel
stigma
ovules
filament
Pollen is produced in the ___ and transferred to the ___ during angiosperm pollination.
filament; anther
anther; filament
anther; stigma
filament; style
Pollen grains grow a ____ down the style of a pistil.
pistil tube
style tube
pollen tube
seed tube
In double fertilization, one sperm fertilizes an egg cell, and the other fertilizes ___ to make ___.
endosperm; polar nuclei
ovule; fruit
polar nuclei; endosperm
seed; fruit
Which of the following relate to the plant hormone auxin?
growth hormone
phototropism
thigmotropism
elongation of shaded cells
Causes roots to grow downward and shoots to grow upward.
gravitropism
phototropism
thigmotropism
photoperiodism
Causes tips of shoots to grow toward light source.
gravitropism
phototropism
thigmotropism
photoperiodism
Causes vines to coil around objects and climb upward.
gravitropism
phototropism
thigmotropism
photoperiodism
Break down food molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by cells.
digestive system
excretory system
lymphatic system
muscular system
Excrete solid waste.
excretory system
digestive system
reproductive system
endocrine system
chewing; stomach churning; peristalsis
mechanical digestion
chemical digestion
smooth muscle contractions in digestive system
esophagus
epiglottis
peristalsis
microvillus
transport materials to and from cells (gases, water, nutrients, wastes)
circulatory system
respiratory system
endocrine system
excretory system
white blood cells are associated with..
immune system
lymphatic system
circulatory system
nervous system
smallest blood vessels; sites of gas exchange in body tissues and lungs
arteries
veins
capillaries
lymph vessels
controls thoughts, responses to stimuli, and basic life functions
endocrine system
nervous system
muscular system
reproductive system
immediate responses= x; slow, sustained responses= y
x= nervous; y= endocrine
x= endocrine; y= nervous
eliminate nonsolid wastes and regulate water, salts, and nutrients in blood
circulatory system
excretory system
digestive system
eliminatory system
MOST important organ of excretory system
kidney
bladder
skin
lungs
filters and cleans blood to produce urine
bladder
kidney
lymph node
urethra
functions of kidneys?
filter waste out of blood
regulate blood volume
maintain pH balance in body
reabsorb urine
gas exchange between body and atmosphere
respiratory system
circulatory system
excretory system
integumentary system
stores minerals and makes blood cells
circulatory system
digestive system
skeletal system
excretory system
movement of body, heartbeat, movement of substances through body (ex. digestion), breathing, regulate body temperature
muscular system
circulatory system
respiratory system
integumentary system
communication and control by releasing hormones
endocrine system
nervous system
muscular system
excretory system
the thymus is associated with...
endocrine system
immune system
lymphatic system
integumentary system
nervous system
releases epinephrine; "fight or flight" hormone
adrenal glands
epinephral gland
pineal gland
pituitary gland
regulates digestion and blood sugar levels; releases insulin and glucagon
pancreas
thymus
thyroid gland
pituitary gland
estrogen, progesterone, ova, female secondary sex characteristics
ovaries
testes
placenta
pancreas
testosterone, sperm, secondary male sex characteristics
testes
ovaries
scrotum
prostate gland
barrier; protect against infection, injury, UV radiation; regulate body temperature; remove wastes
integumentary system
excretory system
circulatory system
muscular system
which of these help the skin regulate body temperature
sweat glands/evaporation of sweat
blood vessels/ dilate and constrict
muscles/shivering
oil glands/ make skin acidic
collects fluid that leaks out of blood; filters/cleans it; returns fluid to circulatory system
circulatory system
lymphatic system
excretory system
muscular system
small organ that filters microorganisms and dead cells/fragments out of body fluids
lymph node
kidney
thymus
heart
why are your lymph nodes swollen?
you probably have an infection
they're just always swollen
they're making lots of new blood cells
you aren't collecting leaked plasma properly
make gametes; release hormones that cause onset of puberty; make babies
reproductive system
endocrine system
muscular system
nervous system
Which of the following is the correct order of organization in living things from the most basic (simple) to the most complex?
Organism, cell, tissue,organ, organ system
Organ system, organ, cell, organism, tissue
cell, organ, tissue, organ system, organism
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
The human body is composed of organ systems. Which list represents a systems from the least to most complex?
Heart --> cardiac muscle --> muscle tissue --> muscle cell
Muscle cell --> muscle tissue --> biceps muscle --> muscular system
Lung tissue --> trachea --> nostrils --> circulatory system
Integumentary system --> skin cell --> hair --> sweat glands
Which of the following best describes a tissue?
a group of cells working together to perform a specific function
a group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
the smallest functioning unit of a living organism
a specialized unit within a cell that has a specific function
. A science class is planning a field trip to a local farm that has a large pond. Which of the following lists the order of biological organization from smallest to largest that the students can expect to find at the pond?
Organism, community, population, ecosystem
Organism, population, community, ecosystem
Population, organism, community, ecosystem
Population, organism, ecosystem, community
Organs that work together to perform a related function is called _____________?
cells
tissues
organ
organ system
What is the most complex level of organization?
tissue
organism
organ
organ system
Jacob is going out to his grandparents farm. On the farm is a stream that he likes to fish at. When he is fishing he sees many differernt speacies of fish as well as maple and oak trees and dragonflies. What Jacob is seeing is an example of what level of organization?
organism
population
community
ecosystem
