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WorksheetsExploration of Power and Energy Sem Exam Review 2
Total questions: 196
Worksheet time: 2hrs 49mins
The study of vehicles that travel through the air.
aeronautics
astronautics
avionics
airfoil
The study of vehicles that travel through space, and in ballistics, the study of the flight of projectiles.
aeronautics
astronautics
avionics
airfoil
This deals with the electronics side of aerospace engineering.
aeronautics
astronautics
airfoil
avionics
The cross-sectional shape of a wing, blade (of a propeller, rotor, or turbine), or sail (as seen in cross-section).
aeronautics
airfoil
astronautics
avionics
The front surface of the wing (airfoil).
leading edge
trailing edge
cord / chord
pitot tube
The rear edge of the wing (airfoil).
trailing edge
leading edge
cord / chord
pitot tube
The distance between the leading and trailing edges. Width of the airfoil / wing.
leading edge
cord / chord
trailing edge
pitot tube
Measures Air Speed
airfoil
avionics
leading edge
pitot tube
Meaning "wisp of hair") is a prefix given to high-altitude clouds (above 20,000 feet).
alto
cirro
cumulo
nimbus
These clouds can form at any altitude between 5,000 and 13,700 m (16,500 and 45,000 ft) above sea level.
cirrus
cumulus
stratus
nimbus
A national authority with powers to regulate all aspects of civil aviation.
National Space Administration (NASA)
Space Force
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Plane Administration (PA)
Ways to accomplish thrust
The spinning blades of a propeller.
The Rotating fan pushing air out from the back of a jet engine.
The Ejecting hot gases from a rocket engine.
Magical feather
The floating of objects due to having lower density than air.
buoyant
aerodyne
airfoil
zimmer
The distance between a wings two ends. The length of a wing.
cord / chord
aspect ratio
wingspan
width
The ratio of the wingspan length divided by the cord.
(a)
The angle between a reference line on a body (often the chord line of an airfoil) and the vector representing the relative motion between the body and the fluid through which it is moving.
angle of flight
angle of attack
angle of drift
angle of float
(Meaning "high") is a prefix given to mid-altitude clouds (between 6,000 and 20,000 feet).
cirro
alto
nimbo
cumulo
(Meaning "rain") as a prefix, or nimbus added as a suffix, in a cloud name indicates that the cloud can produce precipitation (rain, snow, or other forms of falling water).
cirro
nimbo
strato
cumulo
(Meaning "layer") refers to flat, wide, layered clouds.
cirro
cumulo
nimbo
strato
(Meaning "heap") refers to piled-up clouds.
cirro
cumulo
strato
nimbo
Moving under the force of gravity only. Bullets and projectiles.
(a)
Any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.
inertia
pause
force
ballistic
To raise to a higher position or level.
thrust
drag
lift
weight
An object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a force.
newton's 1st law
newton's 2nd law
newton's 3rd law
A tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged.
inertia
ballistic
force
lift
The rate of change of momentum of an object is directly proportional to the force applied.
newton's 1st law
newton's 2nd law
newton's 3rd law
When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body.
newton's 1st law
newton's 2nd law
newton's 3rd law
A visible aerosol consisting of tiny water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the air at or near the Earth's surface.
cloud
fog
dew
precipitation
A missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle that obtains thrust from a rocket engine.
force
drag
rocket
rocket propellant
The reaction mass of a rocket.
rocket propellant
mass fuel
aerodynamics
force fuel
A rocket with a rocket engine that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer).
solid propellant
liquid propellant
gas propellant
This can cause an object with mass to accelerate.
lift
weight
force
drag
The action of pulling something forcefully created by aerodynamic friction.
drag
force
weight
lift
This is created by gravity.
(a)
The study of motion of air, particularly when affected by a solid object, such as an airplane wing.
aerodynamics
weight
speed
avionics
The rate at which an object covers distance.
time
speed
distance
physics
This rocket propellant cannot be throttled in real time.
solid propellant
liquid propellant
gas propellant
Law of Inertia
newton's 1st law
newton's 2nd law
newton's 3rd law
Action = Reaction
newton's 1st law
newton's 2nd law
newton's 3rd law
F = M*A
newton's 1st law
newton's 2nd law
newton's 3rd law
This rocket propellant can be throttled in real time.
solid propellant
liquid propellant
A propellant combination used in a rocket engine is one whose components spontaneously ignite when they come into contact with each other.
hypergolic propellant
solid propellant
liquid propellant
gas propellant
The production and behavior of materials at very low temperatures.
aerospace
avionics
cryogenics
velocity
Forces Relevant to Flight
thrust
lift
drag
weight
Aerodynamic Force's
thrust
lift
drag
weight
An increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in static pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.
newton's principle
bernoulli's principle
einstein's principle
gate's principle
A specification of an object's speed and direction of motion.
displacement
speed
velocity
time
The rate of change of velocity per unit of time.
acceleration
speed
velocity
distance
Causes for Acceleration
object starts moving
object speeds up
object slows down
object changes direction
Major Components of Rocket
structural system
payload system
guidance system
propulsion system
A rocket that uses two or more stages, each of which contains its own engines and propellant.
(a)
The exhaust nozzle of the rocket can be swiveled from side to side. As the nozzle is moved, the direction of the thrust is changed relative to the center of gravity of the rocket.
gimbaled
multistage
gyroscope
satellite
A spinning wheel or disc in which the axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation by itself.
multistage
gimbaled
gyroscope
satellite
An object in space that orbits or circles around a bigger object.
multistage
gimbaled
gyroscope
satellite
The moon orbiting Earth.
artificial satellite
natural satellite
The International Space Station or Sputnik orbiting Earth.
artificial satellite
natural satellite
The 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States (US), for dominance in spaceflight capability.
(a)
The spaceflight that landed the first two people on the Moon.
apollo 1
apollo 10
apollo 11
apollo 15
How long it took to get to the moon.
3 days
5 days
1 week
1 month
First 2 men to walk on the moon.
neil armstrong
buzz aldrin
steve jobs
bill gates
The final mission of NASA's Apollo program on December 7, 1972.
apollo 2
apollo 11
apollo 17
apollo 25
The world’s first rocket that carried one ton of high explosive but travelled at such a speed that it could not be seen.
v1
v2
v4
v8
The first artificial Earth satellite. The Soviet Union launched it into an elliptical low Earth orbit on 4 October 1957.
apollo 11
gemini 8
sputnik 1
vostok 1
The fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011.
gemini
mercury
space shuttle
mission x
A multinational modular space station (habitable artificial satellite) in low Earth orbit.
apollo 1
gemini
mercury
international space station
1st man in space.
yuri gagarin
alan shepard
buzz aldrin
neil armstrong
The smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element.
(a)
The center made of one or more protons and a number of neutrons.
(a)
Parts of an atom that have a positive electric charge.
proton
electron
neutron
nucleus
Parts of an atom that have a negative electric charge.
(a)
A type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an electric current.
generator
motor
electromagnet
powered magnet
A device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical power for use in an external circuit.
generator
motor
electromagnet
inverter
The decrease of electrical potential along the path of a current flowing in an electrical circuit.
parallel circuit
voltage drop
voltage add
series circuit
The voltage across each load device is proportional to that load devices resistance.
series circuit
parallel circuit
The voltage is equal throughout the circuit.
series circuit
parallel circuit
A mixture of series and parallel paths for the electricity to flow.
combination circuit
many circuit
adding circuit
multiple circuit
Parts of an atom that have no electric charge.
(a)
If the number of protons and electrons are equal, then the atom is electrically __________
negative
positive
neutral
ionic
If an atom has more or fewer electrons than protons.
ion
protin
isotope
neutron
A tabular display of the chemical elements, which are arranged by atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties.
motor
periodic table
atom display
periodic chart
An electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
motor
generator
inverter
capacitor
An electronic measuring instrument that can measure Voltage, Resistance(ohm), Current Flow(amperage)
ohmimeter
ampimeter
multimeter
voltimeter
The difference in electric potential between two points, which (in a static electric field) is defined as the work needed per unit of charge to move a test charge between the two points.
volatage
resistance
current
amperage
An objects measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current.
voltage
resistance
current
An outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed.
electricity
conductor
valence electron
outer electron
An object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electrical current) in one or more directions.
conductor
insulator
semi conductor
The SI unit of electrical resistance.
joule
ohm
volt
ampere
The SI unit for electric current.
volt
ampere
ohm
joule
This law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
pascal's law
newton's law
ohm's law
charle's law
A material in which the electron does not flow freely.
conductor
insulator
semi conductor
A material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor, such as metallic copper, and an insulator, such as glass.
conductor
insulator
semi conductor
An imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material. Lightning is a prime example!
static electricity
semiconductor
amperage
battery
Electricity is like a water hose. Electric pressure is measured in.
volts
amps
ohms
joules
Electricity is like a water hose. The size of the Electric hose is measured in.
volts
amps
ohms
joules
Electricity is like a water hose. Placing sand in Electric hose slowing down flow is measured in.
volts
amps
ohms
joules
An electrical pathway in which electrons can travel.
circuit
battery
cathode
anode
A device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices.
battery
circuit
anode
cathode
A graphical representation of an electrical circuit.
series circuit
Circuit/Electrical Diagram
parallel circuit
internet
An electrical circuit that contains only one path for current to flow.
(a)
An electrical circuit that contains more than one path for current to flow.
series circuit
network
internet
parallel circuit
Two or more computers that are connected with one another for the purpose of communicating data electronically.
computer network
circuit
electrical diagram
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
A global wide area network that connects computer systems across the world.
parallel circuit
internet
world wide web
series circuit
An interconnected system of public webpages accessible through the Internet.
internet
computer network
world wide web
circuit
The most common format for publishing web documents.
python
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
java
javascript
The protocol used to transfer data over the web. It is part of the Internet protocol suite and defines commands and services used for transmitting webpage data.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
search engine
internet
A computer program used to find specific websites on the Internet or to find desired information on the Internet.
indexed pages
internet
search engine
circuit
These have been found by search crawlers (like the spiders for Google) and deemed to have enough quality for relevant search phrases.
indexed pages
search pages
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
A set of rules applied by the owner, creator or administrator of a network, website, or service, that restrict the ways in which the network, website or system may be used and sets guidelines as to how it should be used.
phishing
acceptable use policy
keyword
malware
Intrusive software that is designed to damage and destroy computers and computer systems.
hyperlink
malware
phishing
web browser
A type of malicious code or program written to alter the way a computer operates and is designed to spread from one computer to another.
virus
phishing
web browser
hyperlink
The fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information or data, such as usernames, passwords, credit card numbers, or other sensitive details by impersonating oneself as a trustworthy entity in a digital communication.
malware
virus
hyperlink
phishing
An application used to access and view websites.
web browser
hyperlink
cloud
web search
A link from a hypertext file or document to another location or file, typically activated by clicking on a highlighted word or image on the screen.
(a)
Servers that are accessed over the Internet, and the software and databases that run on those servers.
web browser
hyperlink
cloud
web search
These include a few words with no symbols or modifiers. Returns large number of pages.
advanced web search
basic web search
These use Boolean operators. Limit pages returned And Or Not.
advanced web search
basic web search
A bunch of rights in certain creative material such as text, artistic works, music, computer programs, sound recordings and films.
copyright
fair use
attachment
A legal doctrine that promotes freedom of expression by permitting the unlicensed use of copyright-protected works in certain circumstances.
copyright
fair use
attachment
Short for "electronic mail," is one of the most widely used features of the Internet, along with the web.
copyright
fair use
attachment
A computer file sent within an email message. An email attachment can be; image, video, MP3, document, zipped folder.
attachment
packet
copyright
A small segment of a larger message.
attachment
packet
fair use
operating system
Elements To Connect To The internet
Computing device
operating system
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)
Client software
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
The software that enables you to interact with your device. Windows and Apple the most common.
attachment
public domain
operating system
packet
This allows your device to communicate with other devices on the Internet – generally in place in the device when you purchase it.
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
public domain
packet
attachment
The space where no intellectual property rights exists meaning that works may be used without any restrictions whatsoever.
operating system
TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)
public domain
copyright
This occurs when another person (or entity) does the things that only the copyright holder is usually allowed to do with their work.
public domain
copyright infringement
operating system
attachment
Presenting someone else's work or ideas as your own, with or without their consent, by incorporating it into your work without full acknowledgement.
citations
software
internet service provider
plagiarism
Formal ways of giving credit to people for their work.
citations
plagarism
client software
uniform resource locator
Software on your device, such as your browser, e-mail program or an "app" on your phone or tablet.
plagarism
citations
client software
internet service provider
A free or fee-based service that provides the gateway between your device and the Internet.
MLA (Modern Language Association)
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Domain Name System (DNS)
The address of a given unique resource on the Web.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Domain Name System (DNS)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
The phonebook of the Internet.
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
Domain Name System (DNS)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
The citation style is most commonly used to write papers and cite sources within the liberal arts and humanities.
APA (American Psychological Association)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
The citation style is often used in education and social sciences, as well as businesses.
APA (American Psychological Association)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
Data that is left behind when users have been online.
server
domain
attachment
digital footprint
When information is collected from the user without the person knowing this is happening.
passive footprint
server name
domain name
top level domain
The name registered to a specific Web site – usually a common name like “Google” “IBM” “Nike”.
server name
domain name
social network
cyberbullying
Top Level Domain
.edu
.com
.gov
.org
The set of markup symbols or codes inserted into a file intended for display on the Internet.
personal information
Hypertext Markup Language
domain name
top level domain
The use of Internet-based social media sites to stay connected with friends, family, colleagues, customers, or clients.
personal information
social networking
netiquette
cyberbullying
A combination of the words network and etiquette and is defined as a set of rules for acceptable online behavior.
(a)
Instructions that tell the computer what to do.
program
executing
machine language
control structure
When a computer runs a program and performs the tasks instructed by the program.
executing
machine language
control structure
sequence control structure
The elemental language of computers made up of a long sequence of binary digital zeros and ones (bits).
decimal
machine language
binary
control structure
Instructs the computer to repeat a set of instructions, called a loop, until some condition is met.
Sequence Control Structure
Selection Control Structure
Iteration Control Structure
Instructions that the computer follows one by one from top to bottom.
sequence control structure
selection control structure
iteration control structure
A “decision” structure. A “conditional” statement.
sequence control strucutre
selection control strucutre
iteration control structure
Actions that an object can perform (such as move, rotate or jump).
parameter
argument
method
iteration
The variable that holds the argument data (value) needed by the method. For example, degrees=90 or steps=10.
method
parameter
argument
roll
The value that is passed to a method when it is called so that it knows what to do.
method
parameter
argument
automation
A wide range of technologies which reduce human intervention in processes.
method
pitch
automation
roll
Angular rotation in the vertical plane, it can be likened to waving with the fingers pointing up and down.
pitch
roll
yaw
automation
Angular movement about the axis of the arm, it can be likened to turning a door knob in either a clockwise or anti-clockwise direction.
pitch
roll
yaw
automation
Angular rotation in the horizontal plane, it can be demonstrated by allowing the hand to remain horizontal whilst moving the fingers to the left or right.
roll
yaw
automation
pitch
Types of wheels
standard
caster
omni
mecanum
Is more human-like representation of machine language. Uses symbols and recognizable code. Is unique to different computers / operating systems. Is Difficult to write.
machine language
binary language
assembly language
high level language
A Programming language with unique rules (syntax) and can be written without regard of computer running it.
machine language
binary language
assembly language
high level language
Used to store data in the computer’s memory.
variable
character
string
floating point
A single letter or symbol.
string
floating point
variable
character
A sequence of characters, numbers or symbols.
string
floating point
character
integer
The general term used for computer-controlled machine tools and robots in manufacturing.
infinite loop
automated manufacturing
computer numerical control
programmable logic controller
The automated control of machining tools (such as drills, lathes, mills) and 3D printers by means of a computer.
Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)
Structured Programming
An industrial digital computer that has been ruggedized and adapted for the control of manufacturing processes.
Computer Numerical Control (CNC)
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)
Structured Programming
A set of step by step instructions that must be executed to achieve a solution or perform a task.
(a)
A way of writing the details of algorithm steps in English using short phrases to describe the project outline.
pseudocode
flowchart
integer
floating point
Graphical diagrams that are used to show the steps, or flow, contained in an algorithm.
pseudocode
robot
flowchart
boolean
A whole number with no decimal.
(a)
A number with a decimal.
integer
floating point
boolean
robot
A statement that evaluates to one of only two variables.
integer
floating point
boolean
bot
Arithmetic Operators
+
-
*
/
++
A machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.
(a)
Acting independently or having the freedom to do so.
robot
bot
boolean
autonomous
Acting independently or having the freedom to do so but still requiring interaction.
Autonomous
Semi-Autonomous
Robot
Bot
start/end
oval
rectangle
parallelogram
diamond
process
oval
parallelogram
rectangle
diamond
input/output
oval
rectangle
parallelogram
diamond
decision
oval
rectangle
parallelogram
diamond
Comparison Operators
==
!=
<
+
Like a mini program within a program that you can use over and over.
function
argument
automata
unimate
The value that is passed to a routine.
function
automata
argument
unimate
Sketched plans for a humanoid robot around 1495.
Newton
Leonardo da Vinci
Einstein
Bill Gates
'Robot' was first applied as a term for artificial automata in a 1920 play R.U.R. by?
Capek Brothers
Isaac Asimov
Albert Einstein
Elon Musk
The first digitally operated and programmable robot was invented by George Devol in 1954 and sold to GM?
carol
doug
unimate
eric
Robotics was first used by what author?
Isaac Asimov
Capek Brothers
Bill Gates
John Wayne
Robot Musts
mechanical construction
electrical components
human characteristics
programming
To interact with the environment without a control source, and the ability to determine reactions to objects and problems they encounter using their preexisting programming.
robotics
artificial intelligence
debug
desk checking
Identifies errors and make necessary corrections to meet the program's intended outcome.
debug
desk checking
logic
syntax
The process of using a pencil and paper to work through the program by hand.
desk checking
debug
logic
syntax
Causes the program to produce incorrect or unexpected results and may be caused by an incorrect sequence of instructions or formula used in a calculation.
logic error
syntax error
runtime error
Usually found by the compiler or interpreter when it does not understand or recognize code given, such as a typo, misspelling or missing code.
runtime error
logic error
syntax error
An action that takes place while a program is running, such as clicking a mouse or pressing a key.
event
event handler
class
property
The code that is executed when the event occurs.
event
event handler
class
property
Provides a detailed description of the object's characteristics (such as that the object should include a size and a color), and it specifies what can be done with the object (its functions).
event
event handler
class
property
The various characteristics of an object, such as size, color and type.
event
event handler
property
class
The "hands" of a robot are often referred to as.
grabbers
end effectors
manipulators
claws
The range of movement. It is the shape created when a manipulator reaches forward, backward, up and down.
work envelope
manipulation
class
property
