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WorksheetsAstro C10 Review
Total questions: 45
Worksheet time: 45mins
Where do the elements heavier than hydrogen and helium come from?
Stars and Supernovae
Black Holes
Big Bang
Chemical Reactions
What kind of spectrum would a gas cloud have, given that there is a star nearby but not along the line of sight?
Emission
Absorption
Continuous
Absorption and Continuous
What spectral type of star corresponds to the hottest temperature?
O
B
L
M
The process by which a photon's energy is given to an electron and the electron changes from one energy level to another.
Ionization
Recombination
Emission
Absorption
What is the ratio of total luminosity between Star A and Star B, where Star A has a peak wavelength of 750 nm while Star B has a peak wavelength of 500 nm and has a radius that is 4x smaller?
Star A is 81x brighter
Star A is 256/81x brighter
Star B is 256/81x brighter
Star B is 81x brighter
A blackbody that is a hotter temperature than another blackbody will produce...
More blue light, less red light
More red light, less blue light
More light at all wavelengths
Less light at all wavelengths
True or False: A photon's speed is dependent on its wavelength in a vacuum
True
False
What is believed to be the cause of inflation?
The universe was 'supercooled' and the energy needed to go somewhere
An excess of dark energy in the early universe
Gravity was significantly weaker in the past
Quantum fluctuations
Which of the following moon phases are NOT able to be observed at sunrise?
New Moon
Full Moon
Waning Crescent
Waxing Crescent
You observe during a solar eclipse that the positions of stars near the Sun is not quite the same when they are not near the Sun. This is because of...
Newton's Gravity
Einstein's General Relativity
Quantum Mechnanics
Big Bang Theory
True or False: A lunar eclipse is when the Earth's shadow perfectly covers the moon
True
False
What is the underlying principle of Kepler's 2nd Law?
Conservation of Angular Momentum
Conservation of Energy
Equal and Opposite Forces
An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by a force
What is the largest scale over which cosmological expansion is not important?
Solar System
Galaxy
Galaxy Clusters
Cosmological Superstructure (i.e filaments)
A telescope's light collecting power is proportional to its...
Length
Area
Volume
Why does the moon rotate at the same rate as it orbits around the Earth?
It happened by coincidence, just like the ability to have eclipses
The closer side of the moon is pulled stronger so the Earth does not let it rotate
It prevents the moon from distorting and expending energy
Interaction with material around Earth has slowed the moon's rotation
Which of the following is evidence for the Big Bang Theory?
Flatness of the universe
Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Homogeneity of the universe
Lack of magnetic monopoles
True or False: If a planet did not rotate, it would still experience seasons
True
False
Which of the following is not a reason that inflation must be invoked?
Lack of magnetic monopoles
Flatness of the universe
Size of the observable universe
Homogeneity of the universe
What is the key property of Venus that generates the greenhouse effect?
Volcanic and geothermal activity build up heat
What little visible light that makes it in is re-radiated as infrared, which is trapped
A large amount of infrared light from the Sun due to its proximity heats the surface
Venus is able to gravitationally hold on to heat and trap it
Why are there no gas giants close to the Sun?
There are significantly more rocks/metals nearby to the Sun, making it much less likely to form non-terrestrial planets
The gravitational pull of a massive gas giant would cause it to collide with the Sun
There is not a substantial amount of gas close to the Sun from which a gas giant could form
Farther out it is colder and so easier to attract 'snow balls' and then go on to attract gas
How do we resolve Olber's Paradox?
Stars were less bright in the past
Cosmic dust blocks increasingly more of the light from more distant stars
The age of the universe is finite
We observe the universe to be closed
Given an observed parallax of 2 arcseconds for Star A and 0.5 arcseconds for Star B, if we know that Star A and B are the same temperature yet they appear equally bright what must be the ratio of their radii?
Star B is 2x larger
Star B is 4x larger
Star A is 4x larger
Star A is 2x larger
True or False: As a star in a star cluster ages, it moves up the Main Sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell (temperature-luminosity) diagram until it reaches the “turnoff point,” which represents the age of the cluster.
True
False
Why does measuring the Doppler Wobble give a minimum exoplanet mass?
The Doppler Wobble tells us the star's mass, and an exoplanet must be at least a certain fraction of the star's mass
It is expected that exoplanets are actually heavier than what current theory predicts
The amount of wobble in our line of sight depends on the angle of orbit
We can only ever observe part of the exoplanet, so we know we are not getting the whole exoplanet
Why are Type Ia supernova believed to be about the same across the universe?
They occur under the same conditions
All stars undergo a Type Ia supernova
Type Ia supernova all occur at approximately the same distance from Earth
It is a consequence of General Relativity
Why have Saturn's rings not formed a moon?
The rings are within the Roche Limit
There is an insuffcient amount of material to form a moon
When proto-moons form, they collide with each other and disintegrate
The rings are made of ice which does not stick together well
A star is defined to be on the Main Sequence when...
Its luminosity and temperature do not vary much with time
It is fusing hydrogen anywhere
It has a predicatble luminosity
It is fusing hydrogen in its core
What is chromatic aberration?
When different colored photons are focused at different points in a telescope
The color observed is different than the true color emitted
When a particular range of wavelengths are unintentionally removed
When a particular range of wavelengths are unintentionally added
A stellar cluster is observed to contain O, G, K, and M stars. Which conclusion would be valid?
There was a recent burst of star formation
The cluster is approximately a million years old (based on turnoff point of B Type)
The stellar cluster must be part of a globular cluster
The stars in this cluster are all the same age
The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle states that it is impossible to...
Know for certain the energy and timespan of something
Know for certain the luminosity and temperature of a star
Know for certain the existence of 'virtual particles'
Know for certain the distance to an object and its luminosity
Which of these is not a type of galaxy?
Spiral
Irregular
Elliptical
Globular
What is a planetary nebula?
The birthplace of planets
Expanding outer atmosphere from previous red giant
A cloud on an exoplanet
An exoplanet candidate (not sure if it truly is an exoplanet)
Which of the following is NOT a method of detecting a black hole?
Tracking the motions of stars around an invisible object
Measuring the speeds of gas around an invisible object
Observing a gravitational wave signal from massive objects
Observing a low mass star vanish suddenly
What is a key difference between an emission nebula and a dark nebula?
There are massive stars nearby that ionize the emission nebula then recombination causes the nebula to glow
Dark nebula are considered blackbodies while emission nebula only have emission lines
Dark nebula are made from dark matter while emission nebula are made from regular matter
All light emitted by a dark nebula is absorbed by something inbetween us and the nebula
Which of the following universe would result in a 'Big Crunch' ?
ΩM<0
0<ΩM<1
ΩM=1
ΩM>1
Order the following for the transition to red giant:
1. The core contracts
2. The envelope heats up and swells
3. Hydrogen runs out in the core
4. Inward gravity balances outward pressure in hydrostatic equilibrium
5. The surface temperature decreases
6. The core heats up and begins helium fusion (if massive enough)
3, 1, 4, 6, 2, 5
4, 3, 5, 1, 6, 2
4, 3, 1, 6, 2, 5
4, 6, 1, 2, 5, 3
Which of the following is NOT a way that we measure the Hubble Constant?
Gravitational Wave Sources
Type Ia supernova
Cosmic Microwave Background Modeling
Comparing Parallax and Redshift
White dwarfs are the result of...
Type Ia supernova
Core Collapse supernova
Endpoints of stars < 8 solar masses
Merger between two compact objects (i.e neutron stars)
Which one of the following is NOT a possible homogeneous, isotropic, expanding universe according to Einstein’s general theory of relativity? (Assume there is no dark energy.)
A “flat” universe in which the laws of Euclidean geometry are satisfied
A “closed” universe in which there is no such thing as parallel lines
A “closed” universe that will expand forever
An “open” universe whose volume is infinite, and has been infinite since the beginning of time
Dark Matter comprises approximately what percent of the universe?
5%
25%
30%
70%
A white dwarf can be physically described as...
A star that partially collapsed on itself and therefore grew to extreme temperatures
The exposed, hot core of a star originally < 8 solar masses typically made of carbon and oxygen
A star that is of a similar temperature to our Sun (and therefore 'white')
The opposite of a black hole, it emits large quantities of light
By what factor did the universe expand during inflation?
A billion times
A trillion times
1010
Unknown
True or False: Dark matter is composed of the anti-matter
True
False
Which of the following could be a consequence if the physical parameters were slightly different (not as 'fine tuned') than they are today?
Increase in electron charge - Descriptions of black holes must be described with an additional quantity as per 'no hair'
Decrease in the speed of light - The observable universe would be much larger
Increase in the gravitational constant - More gas giants, and they form farther in
Decrease in the mass of a proton - Energy levels of electrons would shift
How are white dwarfs supported?
Nuclear Fusion
Electron Degeneracy Pressure
By Snow White and the six other dwarfs
Electric Repulsion
