The following nephrotoxicants were discussed in the lecture EXCEPT?

The folllowing substances cause hemodynamic alteration EXCEPT:

The following is FALSE regarding the mechanism of drug-induced nephrotoxicity:

Overdose of acetaminophen causes accumulation of toxic metabolite

Cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity may dsplay the following EXCEPT:

The followings are symptoms of acute kidney injury:

I. swelling in legs

II. fatigue

II. confusion

IV. seizures

The standard battery of noninvasive tests includes:

I. measurement of urine volume

II. measurement of osmolality

III. measurement of pH

IV. measurement of urinary composition

The followings suggest adverse reaction of drug-induced nephrotoxicity:

      I. Low systolic blood pressure

     II. Low urea-to-creatinine ratio

III. DecreaseI renal flow blood flow

IV. Decrease estimated glomerular filtrate rate

The followings are nephrotoxic::

I. fluoxetine

II. penicillin

III. ibuprofen

IV. niacin