WorksheetsFinal Examination_Cell and MolBio
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 1hrs 23mins
Enzymes are an example of______________.
Lipids
Carbohydrate
Protein
Nucleic Acid
Enzymes ___________ reactions.
catalyze
slow down
maintain
decrease
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
reducing the number of products
reducing the activation energy
increasing the concentration of reactants
increasing the temperature of the cell
What is the 3 letter suffix added typically in the enzyme name?
-ose
-ese
-ase
-tic
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
Coenzyme
Vitamin
Substrate
Polypeptide
After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?
a substrate
an enzyme
an active site
a product
What is letter D?
enzyme
product
substrate
active site
What is letter A?
enzyme-substrate complex
product
enzyme
substrate
It is a non-protein portion of the enzyme that is needed for proper enzymatic activity.
coenzyme
enzyme
active site
product
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by
lowering the activation energy.
releasing energy.
raising the activation energy.
absorbing energy.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme?
15oC
40oC
30oC
35oC
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell but can only be used once. True or False?
true
false
What is the energy source for photosynthesis?
Enzymes
Glucose
Sunlight
Carbohydrates
What are the reactants for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide & Oxygen
Water & Glucose
Oxygen & Water
Oxygen & Water
What type of sugar molecule is produced by plants during photosynthesis?
Oxygen
starch
cellulose
glucose
What green pigment is used to trap light energy from the Sun to be used for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll
Carotene
Xanthophyll
Chloroplast
In which organelle inside of plant cells does the process of photosynthesis occur?
Mitochondria
Cell Wall
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts
What is the formula for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
Glucose + Oxygen→ Carbon dioxide + Water
Carbon dioxide + Oxygen→ Glucose + Water
Carbon dioxide + Glucose→ Oxygen + Water
What would happen if a plant didn't have stomates?
It wouldn't be able to regulate the loss of glucose
It wouldn't be able to regulate the loss of water vapor
It wouldn't be able to store carbohydrates
It wouldn't be able to trap sunlight
What molecules are produced by cellular respiration?
Water & glucose
Glucose, oxygen & ATP
Water, carbon dioxide & ATP
Oxygen & ATP
What is another word for anaerobic respiration?
Fermentation
Glycolysis
Breathing
Synthesis
Which statement BEST compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Less ATP is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration
more water is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration
less lactic acid is generated during anaeobic respiration than during aerobic respiration
more oxygen is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration
How do photosynthesis and cellular respiration differ?
photosynthesis uses food and cellular respiration produces food
photosynthesis gives off oxygen and cellular respiration uses oxygen
photosynthesis uses oxygen and cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide
photosynthesis makes ATP and cellular respiration uses sunlight
The maintenance of homeostasis in animals is MOST directly related to which?
recombination of chromosomes during meiosis
growth and development of the organism
percentage of protein molecules in the organism
use and production of energy
What gas is collecting in the yeast and sugar balloon?
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
glucose
The point on the chromosome where the two chromatids are held together is the
centromere
chromosome
centriole
chromatid
Chromosomes are made up of two identical sister _____________.
chloroplasts
chromatids
nuclei
gens
What is the result of mitosis?
4 genetically identical cells
2 genetically identical cells
2 genetically different cells
1 cell
There are a TOTAL of ___ chromosomes in human body cells.
23
92
46
scientists don't know
Each daughter cell ends up with the ____ number of _______ as the ________ in mitosis.
chromosomes, parent cell, same
same, daughter cell, chromosomes
parent cell, same, chromosomes
same, chromosomes, parent cell
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
segregation of sister chromatids
mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered
condensation and segregation of alleles
crossing - over in which alleles are exchanged
If a parent cell has 26 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell contain in mitosis?
42
26
13
1738
A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins is known as ______________.
Replication
Translation
Mutations
Transcription
A permanent change in the DNA sequence
which can affect a single gene or group of genes.
Homeostasis
Chromosomal Mutation
Somatic Cell
Gene Mutation
Condition caused by nondisjunction at pair 21 during meiosis.
Individuals have an extra chromosome
at pair 21, or a total of 47 chromosomes.
Klinefelter's Syndrome
Turner's Syndrome
Hemophilia
Down Syndrome
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
sugar, phosphate, protein
Chargraff's Rule says that ______________.
Adenine will be equal to Thymine
Uracil will be equal to Guanine
Cytosine will be equal to Thymine
Adenine will be equal to Cytosine
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
If there is 37% guanine how much cytosine is there?
77%
37%
47%
57%
What process did Griffith discover using mice and altered forms of the pneumonia bacteria?
transcription
transformation
mutation
translation
Who discovered the molecule known as DNA?
Oswald Avery
Rosalind Franklin
Friedrich Miescher
Erwin Chargaff
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______.
cytosine
adenine
guanine
thymine
What is a peptide bond?
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
What is the function of the poly-A tail in mRNA?
to add modified guanin to the 3' end of the mRNA
to indicate the site of translational termination
to code for the binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA
to help protect the mRNA from degradation by hydrolytic enzymes
What is the location in the cell for translation?
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosome
chloroplast
What is the location in the cell for translation?
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosome
chloroplast
A certain gene codes for a polypeptide that is 120 amino acids long. Approximately how many nucleotides long is the mRNA that codes for this polypeptide likely to be?
360
480
40
30
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following?
The same codons in different organisms translate into the different amino acids.
A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism
All organisms have experienced convergent evolution.
DNA was the first genetic material.
What is the complimentary mRNA sequence to the DNA
sequence A-T-T-G-C-A.
T-A-A-C-G-T
U-A-A-C-G-T
U-A-A-C-G-U
T-A-A-G-C-U
The "central dogma" states that genetic information flows from ___________________.
Protein-->mRNA-->DNA
Protein-->DNA-->mRNA
mRNA-->DNA-->Protein
DNA-->mRNA-->Protein
What are the factors that affects enzyme reaction? Explain each factors. (5pts)
Discuss photosynthesis (15 pts)
Discuss the Central Dogma of Biology (10 pts)
Give the names of the structures/enzymes pointed with arrows and provide the functions of each molecules. (20 pts)
