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WorksheetsHuman Anatomy: Endocrine System Review
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 18mins
What is the Endocrine System?
includes all the endocrine cells and tissues of the body that produce hormones or paracrine factors with effects beyond their tissues of origin
Includes all of the epithelial cells and tissues of the body that line the exterior of the surface of the body whether the surface is outside or inside the body
Includes all of the nerve cells and nervous tissue that send electrochemical signals to and from your body's tissues
Includes all of the skeletal cells and all of the bones which provides a framework upon which muscles and tendons attach
What are hormones?
Electrochemical impulses which travel via nervous tissue and respond to external stimuli.
Nutrients absorbed via the small intestine into the bloodstream and supply nutrients to every cell in the body
Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands into bloodstream, fluids. Small amounts have great affect
Antibodies which reside in the bloodstream and lymphatic systems that fight off infection from foreign invaders
A short-term hormone that speeds up heart rate and is secreted from the kidneys?
noradrenaline
androgen
vasopressin
adrenaline
What hormones do the adrenal glands release?
Epinephrine
Glucagon
Melatonin
Progesterone
The secretions from which endocrine gland regulate sleep cycles?
Adrenal
Pineal
Pituitary
Thymus
What gland is the arrow pointing to in the picture?
Hypothalamus
Pineal
Testis
Thymus
Which statement describes the way in which the liver and pancreas work together?
The liver releases hormones that cause the pancreas to store carbohydrates as glucose.
The liver releases hormones that cause the pancreas to store carbohydrates as glycogen.
The pancreas releases hormones that cause the liver to store carbohydrates as glucose.
The pancreas releases hormones that cause the liver to store carbohydrates as glycogen.
The spleen and thymus both function as part of which body system?
Cardiovascular
Integumentary
Lymphatic and immune
Urinary
What hormone influences the body's growth over time and is secreted by the pituitary gland?
prolactin
oxytocin
hGH (growth hormone)
dopamine
Glandular secreting cells that release their secretions into extra cellular fluid leading to blood; ductless glands
Skeletal cells
Endocrine Cells
Epithelial Cells
Nerve cells
Which of the following are functions of the endocrine system?
Maintain homeostasis
Hormones are part of the slow-acting control system of the human body
Regulate growth and development, sexual maturity, reproduction, metabolism, water balance, blood sugar levels, and more
All of them
Which endocrine gland generally monitors and controls many endocrine functions to maintain homeostasis (in nervous and endocrine). It produces ADH, OXT, and regulatory hormones.
Pineal
Hypothalamus
Thymus
Thyroid
Which endocrine gland regulates FSH, LH, hGH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, and endorphins?
Pineal
Anterior Pituitary
Posterior Pituitary
Thyroid
Which endocrine gland releases OXT (oxytocin) and ADH?
Pineal
Anterior Pituitary
Posterior Pituitary
Thyroid
Which endocrine gland secretes thymosin, is found under the sternum, it is large and active in infants and children, it matures lymphocytes, it is needed for healthy immune development, and atrophies in adulthood.
Thyroid
Thymus
Pancreas
Pituitary
Which endocrine gland secretes thyroxine (T4 and T3) that regulates the body's metabolism?
Thyroid
Thymus
Pancreas
Pituitary
What is needed in the diet for thyroid hormone synthesis, it regulates normal brain development in children, and it targets most cells in body?
iodine
calcium
vitamin D
potassium
Which endocrine gland secretes melatonin, produces melatonin from serotonin, it is believed to respond to electromagnetic energy or one's orientation to latitude thereby influencing jet lag?
Pineal
Anterior pituitary
Posterior pituitary
thyroid
Which hormone regulates sleep-wake cycle, aka circadian rhythm (amino acid derived)?
hGH (growth hormone)
Thymosin
Melatonin
Prolactin
Which endocrine gland, when blood sugar is high, negative feedback causes insulin secretion to lower blood sugar by causing cellular uptake of glucose?
Pancreas
Liver
Kidneys
Thymus
Which hormone found in the beta cells of the pancreas gland do the Islets of Langerhans secrete?
insulin
glucagon
androgens
prolactin
Which hormone found in the alpha cells of the pancreas gland do the Islets of Langerhans secrete?
insulin
glucagon
androgens
prolactin
Which endocrine gland secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH), targets some bone and kidney cells, regulates the amount of calcium in blood and bones? PTH when released causes osteoclasts to destroy bone and release calcium to blood.
Parathyroid
Thymus
Pituitary
Kidneys
Which hormone is secreted by the thyroid, stimulates the inhibition of osteoclasts which slows the release of Ca from bones (amino acid)? The C Cells of thyroid respond directly to Ca levels in blood.
insulin
calcitonin
androgens
vasopressin
Which hormone is a steroid, which is released in response to stress; increases blood glucose and suppresses immune system?
Calcitonin
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Cortisol
Which hormone is a steroid, increases sodium retention, raises blood pressure, retains water?
Aldosterone
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Cortisol
Which hormone is a steroid, increases sodium retention, raises blood pressure, retains water?
Aldosterone
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Cortisol
Which hormone, a steroid, stimulates maturing of primary male sex characteristics and organs; stimulates spermatogenesis
Estrogen
Testosterone
Androgen
Prolactin
Which hormone, an amino acid, increases heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism, and blood flow to skeletal muscles?
Adrenaline
Vasopressin
Calcitonin
Dopamine
Which hormone, an amino acid, stimulates the heart muscle?
Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Vasopressin
Calcitonin
Which endocrine gland secretes erythropoietin (peptide) to stimulate red blood cell and production in the bone marrow, it works with the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary glands to secrete and store antidiuretic hormones aka vasopressin (peptide) which retains water and constricts blood vessels
Thymus
Kidneys
Thyroid
Pancreas
Which hormones have many receptors in the body including skin, bone, breast, uterus, and blood vessels and plays a key role in menstruation and ability to bear children?
Testosterone and Androgen
Calcitonin and Vasopressin
hGH and Oxytocin
Estrogen and Progesterone
Which endocrine gland secretes testosterone?
Ovaries
Testes
Kidneys
Pituitary
Which steroid sex hormone is produced in testes and small amounts in adrenal cortex of both sexes?
Vasopressin
Oxytocin
Androgen
Dopamine
Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration. It is responsible for growth of bone length from birth through closing of epiphyseal plates. Dwarfism, gigantism, and acromegaly are linked to dysfunction of anterior pituitary resulting in over or under-secretion of hGH?
Vasopressin
Oxytocin
Somatropin
Dopamine
