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WorksheetsSemester 2 Review
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 38mins
Jean-Jacques Rousseau's idea that wise governments and just laws must be based on popular sovereignty influenced -
the leaders of the Puritan revolt in England in the 1640s.
absolute monarchs in Eastern Europe.
the Founding Fathers in eighteenth-century America.
King Louis XVI of France.
A social result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe was -
the rise of the middle class.
the end of child labor.
a decrease in overall church membership.
a large number of people moving from urban centers to rural areas.
One important factor that led to Europe's Commercial Revolution (beginning in the fifteenth century) was -
a profitable economic system based on money instead of barter.
centralized governments.
lower taxes for the rising middle class.
fewer pirates on the open seas.
The letter above was written by ------, "the Liberator."
Norman Washington Manley
Toussaint L'Ouverture
Simon Bolivar
Pancho Villa
Napoleon Bonaparte was an emperor and a dictator in France. Which of the following was a far-reaching result of the Napoleonic Wars?
the American Revolution
the Napoleonic Codes which stressed religious freedom and equality under the law
military build-up in Europe
the end of monarchies in Europe
What was one effect of the Colombian Exchange?
The exchange of new products transformed economic activity for the New World, as well as Europe, Asia, and Africa.
The Columbian Exchange prevented further exploration of the New World.
The Columbian Exchange resulted in the end of the slave trade.
The Columbian Exchange caused the American Revolution.
Complete the chart illustrating the major beliefs and characteristics of Karl Marx's Communism.
Increasing poverty of the poor
Workers' control of production and distribution of goods
No taxes on privately-owned land
Higher prices for goods
Which of the following was NOT a result of the African slave trade?
Many African communities were deprived of their youngest and strongest men and women.
Europeans controlled much of Africa.
The lives of many Africans were improved through the slave trade.
Competition among local slave traders to provide more and more slaves led to increased warfare in Africa.
This man's invention of the steam engine revolutionized industry and travel by land and water.
Robert Fulton
Thomas Malthers
Emile Zola
James Watt
They lived in a state between Russia and Turkey, enemies during World War I. In 1915 these people were “deported” by the Turks for allegedly giving aid to Russia and plotting an uprising against the Ottoman Empire. The deportation turned into a massacre: men, women, and children were tortured and slaughtered. Some were forced to march hundreds of miles without food or water; others, believing they were rescued, were loaded on ships, but miles from port, they were thrown overboard to drown, By 1918, almost two million were murdered. These people were -
Afghanis.
Armenians.
Greeks.
Serbians.
The poem reflects the disillusionment and horror of fighting in -
the Vietnam War.
the Korean War.
World War II.
World War I.
The revolutions in America and France at the end of the 1700s inspired revolutions in Latin American countries. The first of these occurred in Haiti in 1794 when free mulattoes demanded the same rights as European colonists.
The leader of this revolt in Haiti was -
Nat Turner.
Toussaint-Louverture
Jean Lafitte.
Jean Lafitte.
What is the best title for this chart?
Causes of World War I
Reasons for System of Alliances in Late 1800s
Results of Imperialism
Reasons for Nineteenth Century Imperialism
Which best completes the chart?
Causes of World War I
Causes of Russian Revolution of 1917
Reasons Mao Tse-tung came to Power in China
Reasons Franz-Ferdinand was Assassinated
Which of the following titles best completes the diagram?
Causes of the French Revolution
Reasons for American Imperialism
Results of the Enlightenment
Causes of the American Revolution
What was the main reason for the "new imperialism" in Africa and Asia that began in the 1880s?
Capitalist states in the West needed markets for their goods and sources for raw materials.
Western countries considered it their duty to take over and run developing countries.
African and Asian nations welcomed control by the West.
Western nations wanted to strengthen their navies.
What is the term applied to their philosophy of “usefulness”?
humanitarianism
progressivism
secularism
utilitarianism
The Bolsheviks were –
White Russians who fought for Czar Nicholas II during the Russian Revolution.
Russian soldiers during World War I.
Russian peasants who supported aristocratic landowners during the Russian Revolution.
communists (Reds) who won the Russian Revolution of 1917 and set up the Union of Soviet Socialists Republics.
As a result of the Industrial Revolution, ships were powered by steam rather than wind. Steam-powered ships burned coal. Therefore, they needed coaling stations along their trade routes. Later, coaling stations were needed for naval vessels.
What can be inferred from these statements?
Because of the scarcity of coal, nations returned to the use of sailing ships.
Nations began to use gasoline instead of coal to power ships.
Coal-fueling sailing ships followed the steam ships and replaced coal as needed.
Nations turned to renewed imperialism for colonies to serve not only for trade but for coaling stations.
One of the major underlying reasons that helped foster World War I was the alliance system. Two opposing sides formed in Europe: the triple Entente and the Triple Alliance. Which nations untied to form each alliance?
A
B
C
D
What was the significance of the Franco-Prussian War, the Moroccan Crisis of 1905, the Boer War, the Russo-Turkish War, the Congress of Berlin, and the Russo-Japanese War?
These events inhibited economic development in Europe.
Britain lost control of the Suez Canal.
World War I was the result of these 19th- and 20th-century imperialistic conflicts.
These events fostered a strong alliance between France and Germany.
What invention in the late 1700s, perfected in the early 1800s, revolutionized land and sea travel and encouraged European imperialism, especially in Africa?
the stagecoach
the airplane
the clipper ship
the steam engine
In 1776, a Scot published a book which defined a complete free enterprise system. This writer said that all business and economic activity should be governed by the laws of supply and demand and competition. Name the author and the book.
Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations
John D. Rockefeller, Investments
John Kenneth Galbraith, Free Enterprise
Angus McDougall, Natural Laws
Which of the following correctly completes the diagram?
Results of the Enlightenment
Causes of the Civil War in England
Reasons for European Exploration and Expansion Beginning in the 1450s
Causes for the Fall of Constantinople in 1453
Communism grew out of ideas that Karl Marx offered in his 1848 pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto. What is the major difference between communism and socialism?
Communism is a political system; socialism is an economic system.
Communism is based upon the concept of laissez-faire economics; socialism works from a limited government role of economic regulation.
Under communism all people control the wealth and production; in socialism the government controls the wealth and means of production.
Under communism, political leaders are chosen through democratic elections; in socialism, party leaders appoint representatives to political positions.
One result of Germany’s use of unrestricted submarine warfare during World War I was that -
the importance of food staples to France was blocked.
the casualty rate from naval battles was historically high.
the shipping of goods by non-combatant countries was protected from attack.
the U.S. entered the war on the side of the Allies.
Inspired by the American and French Revolutions, in the early 1800s many Latin American countries rebelled against their autocratic rulers. One leader who led armies against Spanish imperialists in Chile, Argentina, and Peru was –
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.
Jose de San Martin.
Miguel Hidalgo.
Benito Juarez.
In colonial America many ordinary people participated in changing political thought prior to the American Revolution. Through speeches, newspaper articles, handbills, and especially pamphlets, citizens like the author of the quotation lobbied convincingly for rebellion against the English king. The former corset maker who became the voice of the American Revolution through his pamphlets was -
John Paul Jones.
William Pitt.
Richard Henry Lee.
Thomas Paine.
By the late 1700s, the demand for slaves in the American southern colonies had declined. What happened in the South in 1793 that increased the demand for African slaves?
Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin
colonists began to raise sugar cane throughout the South
more Europeans migrated to the southern colonies
Elias Howe's invention of the sewing machine
The Industrial Revolution began first in England due to mechanization in what industry?
iron
printing
railroad
cotton textile
Nicholas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei, and Issac Newton were all –
astronomers who offered theories about the stars.
inventors who invented such instruments as the telescope, the astrolabe, the microscope, and the compass.
mathematicians who developed new theories that became the foundation of the Scientific Revolution.
scientists who proved important medical theories.
What is one possible reason why the United States had more miles of railroad in 1900 than France, Britain, and Germany combined?
Due to its large size, the United States needed more miles of railroad than smaller European countries.
Railroads in Europe were financed by royal governments, while railroads in the U.S. were paid for by taxpayers.
Between 1840 and 1900, Europe was involved in a number of wars; the U.S. was not so it could concentrate on building railroads.
The U.S. had better techniques for building railroads.
At the heart of the Glorious Revolution and the American and French Revolutions was the idea that people have certain natural rights-the right to live, to enjoy liberty, to own property-and that if any ruler violated these rights, the people had the right to overthrow that ruler. This philosophy of liberty was first proposed by –
Thomas Hobbes.
John Locke.
Thomas Jefferson.
James Madison.
Which of the following was not a step in the development of democratic-republican government?
English Bill of Rights - 1689
Writings of John Locke
Twelve Tables of Rome
Draconian Law
This document, written during the Enlightenment, influenced -
the writing of the Declaration of Independence.
the content of the Mayflower Compact.
the format of the English Declaration of Rights.
the creation of the Magna Carta.
The central point of Adam Smith's laissez-faire capitalism was that -
the government should not regulate trade or business.
agriculture is more important than industry.
the wealth of a nation is based on its workforce.
poverty is the result of large numbers of people overtaxing the food supply.
Which of the following was not a political result of the Industrial Revolution in England?
demand for universal suffrage
demand for less corruption in government
the Luddite movement
increasing power of the House of Lords in Parliament
Factory owners during the Industrial Revolution prospered greatly because of free enterprise and -
a tax-free environment.
a lack of government regulation of business.
friendly labor unions.
trade with Africa.
Thomas Hobbes, who was greatly influenced by the Scientific Revolution, believed in the depravity of human nature. As a result of his beliefs, Hobbes advocated -
harsh sentences for criminals.
absolute power of sovereigns.
revolution to establish stable government.
election of strong monarchs.
Which of the following statements about the Scientific Revolution is not true?
The Scientific Revolution challenged the absolute authority of the pope.
The Scientific Revolution led to the Industrial Revolution.
The Scientific Revolution allowed for reason to be used as the best way to determine scientific truths.
The Scientific Revolution demanded that principles be proven with mathematical precision.
A major consequence of the Treaty of Versailles was –
that Germany became stronger.
the creation of the country of Bulgaria.
the division of Berlin into four sectors controlled by the Allies.
The Second World War.
The passage describes –
fascism.
socialism.
communism.
capitalism.
What is the most accurate title for this list?
Causes of the Cold War after World War II
Reasons for the Collapse of the Soviet Union’s Command Economy in the Late 20th Century
Reasons for the Berlin Airlift of 1948
Reasons for the October Revolution of 1917
In South Africa, colonized originally by the Dutch, apartheid (separation of whites and blacks) existed as late as the 1990s. The minority whites controlled economics, government, and society. Blacks suffered persecution and extreme poverty. Inspired by nationalism and ideas of democracy and equality, black natives struggled for decades against their white oppressors. Finally, in 1993, the government agreed to hold democratic national elections. In 1994, South Africa elected its first black president, -
Desmond Tutu.
F. W. de Klerk.
Nelson Mandela.
Idi Amin.
A major cause of the global depression of the 1930s was –
the Russia Revolution and its economic consequences.
economic nationalism, a policy used by a country to improve its economy.
Prohibition in the United States, which spread across the world.
the collapse of Britain’s economy during World War I.
Beginning in 1994 in Rwanda, bloody ethnic violence resulting in at least 800,000 deaths erupted between –
Muslims and Christians.
two tribes, the Hutus and Tutsis.
whites and blacks.
the PLO and the UN.
The United States’ government, in response to the Great Depression of the 1930s, -
declared war on Japan and Germany.
entered into an economic alliance with Great Britain.
supported Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal.
lowered tariffs and loans to European countries.
What weapons developed during World War II successfully ended that war?
fire bombs
the jet airplane
the atomic bomb
aircraft carriers
When Britain granted independence to India in 1947, how did the British government try to prevent the increase of bloodshed between Muslims and Hindus?
The British government sent British troops to India as a peacekeeping force.
The British government divided India into three separate countries: India for Hindus, East Pakistan (currently Bangladesh), and West Pakistan for Muslims.
The British government created an arbitration council to negotiate a peace settlement between the two groups.
The British government requested the aid of U.N. troops to stop the violence
Which of the following was a new country created by the Treaty of Versailles after World War I?
Alsace-Lorraine
Denmark
Yugoslavia
West Germany
Which best completes the diagram?
Causes of the Global Depression in 1929
Causes of the Russian Revolution
Reasons for the Establishment of the Weimar Republic Germany
Reasons for the Formation of the League of Nations
In 1988, because of his outrage over the presence of American troops in Saudi Arabia after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait and his hatred of the West, Osama bin Laden founded an organization dedicated to killing Americans and driving them out of the Middle East. This organization is called –
the Taliban.
al-Qaeda.
the Janjaweed.
the Intifada.
This organization was formed in 1945 to mediate and, if necessary, to intervene in international disputes between nations. In recent years this organization has also monitored human rights, disease epidemics, and other social problems. This organization is the –
North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
League of Nations.
Warsaw Pact.
United Nations.
“…a date which will live in infamy…”
Which world leader urged his people to war against Germany and Japan in a speech containing the words above?
Franklin Roosevelt of the U.S.
Winston Churchill of Great Britain
Joseph Stalin of Russia
General Dwight D. Eisenhower of the U.S.
Study the table carefully and then answer the following question. What is one reason for Adolph Hitler’s rise to power in Germany in the early 1930s?
Unemployment in Germany during the early 1930s was particularly high.
Unemployment in the United States was higher than unemployment in Germany during the early 1930s.
Unemployment in Germany during the early 1930s was extremely low.
Hitler negotiated trade with Britain and the U.S. to help end the world-wide depression.
Which term correctly completes the diagram?
Monarchy
Totalitarianism
Pluralism
Socialism
A fascist government is the dictatorship of the government over the individual. It maintains strict control over its citizens through censorship and force. In which European country did the people find themselves living under a fascist government after 1924?
Russia
Poland
Italy
Austria
What prompted President George W. Bush and Congress to create the Department of Homeland Security?
bombing of the U.S. Maine barracks in Beirut, Lebanon on October 23, 1983
attacks on America at the World Trade Center Towers and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001
bombing of a federal building in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995
bombing of the USS Cole, an American guided missile destroyer, on October 12, 2000
In 1980, Lech Walesa organized a national trade union called Solidarity. This union gained the support of the Catholic Church, which was then headed by Pope John Paul II. The Solidarity movement toppled the Communist government, and free elections were held in 1989. Walesa was elected president. The country became the first in Eastern Europe to break the yoke of communism. This country was –
Austria.
Poland.
Czechoslovakia.
Hungary.
Perestroika is –
a Soviet policy of more liberal news coverage and open discussion of political and social issues.
a Soviet policy of economic recovery initiated by Vladimir Putin.
Mikhail Gorbachev’s 1980’s economic restructuring of the USSR which eventually led to the break-up of the Soviet Union.
a coup staged in Soviet Russia to oust the Communist Party.
Communism in China during the 1960s differed from Soviet communism in what way?
Communism in Russia originated when a famine prompted a revolution by the peasant class against the Russian czar; Communism in China originated when Chinese military leaders staged a coup d’etat against the ruling class.
Communism in the Soviet Union grew out of economic unrest; communism in China was based on the principles of Confucianism.
Mao Zedong instituted a Cultural Revolution to destroy the privileged communist ruling class; Vladimir Lenin’s Russian Revolution destroyed the noble ruling class and instigated a civil war between the poor and wealthy.
The Russian Revolution was the result of a political division between the czar and the upper class; China’s Cultural Revolution followed the death of Mao Zedong.
What is the result of that armistice today?
Korea is currently a communist country.
Nothing has changed; North Korea is communist; South Korea is a democracy.
South Korea is now an ally of China.
Russia no longer has any interest in Korea.
The above list shows reasons for –
the Russian Revolution.
Al Qaeda’s presence in Russia.
Russia’s autocratic government in the 1800s.
the collapse of Russia’s command economy in the late 1900s.
What can be inferred from the map?
The Soviet Union wanted to buffer its control of East Germany with communist states.
Albania bordered a Soviet allied state.
All of Ireland was NATO aligned.
Switzerland became a Soviet ally.
“I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat.”
During World War II, Great Britain fought the Nazis under the leadership of –
Neville Chamberlain.
David Lloyd-George.
Winston Churchill.
William Gladstone.
In July 1994, representative of forty-four Allied countries met in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire to discuss and commit to free trade, economic development, and monetary stability after the end of World War II. On ideological grounds, the Soviet Union refused to attend the meeting. The meeting and the USSR’s self-imposed isolation from the West marked the earliest beginnings of what would become –
the dissolution (break-up) of the Soviet Union.
the Korean War.
the Berlin Airlift.
the Cold War.
The modern invention that has had the most influence on global society and economics is the –
telephone.
internet.
airplane.
television.
The rebels in this African country accused the government of oppressing non-Arab Muslims. Government troops and a militia group called the Janjaweed attacked rebel villages, killing men, women, and children. This continuing genocide in an ongoing civil war is occurring in –
the Darfur region of Sudan.
Rwanda.
Chad.
Libya.
Citizen leaders like Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, and Martin Luther King tried to bring about equality and change in their counties –
by aligning themselves with popular political groups.
through civil disobedience.
by raising money so they could run for high political office.
by organizing small armed rebellions.
After Vietnam was granted independence from France, who became the communist leader of North Vietnam?
Pol Pot
Ngo Dinh Diem
Lee Kuan-Yew
Ho Chi Minh
The fate of Eastern Europe after World War II was a sensitive issue among the Allies at the conferences at Yalta and Potsdam. In helping to defeat Nazi Germany, the Russians had about eleven million troops in Eastern and Central Europe. Because of the presence of the Soviet troops, the U.S. and Britain had little choice but to grant Stalin, leader of the USSR, informal influence over some Eastern European countries. In exchange, Stalin promised that free elections would be held in those countries as soon as possible. Stalin broke his promise. These events –
led to the overthrow of Joseph Stalin.
caused further conflict between the Soviets and the West, and eventually led to the Cold War.
caused the breakdown of the Iron Curtain.
caused the war in Europe to last longer than it otherwise would have.
The Indian leader was –
Jawaharlal Nehru.
Mohandas Gandhi.
Rabindranath Tagore.
Siddhartha Gautama.
Beginning in the 1930s, the communists and the nationalists struggled for control of China. After World War II civil war erupted. The communists enjoyed more popular support than the nationalists, and in October, 1949, the communists declared the People's Republic of China. The nationalist Chinese, along with their leader, fled to the island of Taiwan and set up their own government. Who was the leader of the communist Chinese?
Chiang Kai-shek
Zhou Enlai
Mao Zedong
Li Peng
What was the initial cause of the hostilities between Israel and the Arab states?
Muslims and Jews have very different ideas about the fundamentals of religion.
Leaders of Arabic nations called for the complete annihilation of Israel.
During World War II, Arabic nations aligned with the Nazis who were attempting to exterminate Jews and their culture.
The Arabs were allies of the Nazis during World War II, and the Jews hated the Nazis because of the Holocaust.
Which president of the United States made the final decision in 1945 to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end the war with Japan?
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Harry S. Truman
Woodrow Wilson
Dwight D. Eisenhower
