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Catastrophic Events, Slow Changes to Ecoregions & Watersheds

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A large storm associated with low pressure, forms over water is called...
a)
Flood
b)
Hurricane
c)
Tsunami 
d)
Blizzard
2.
A spinning funnel cloud which causes much destruction is called a...
a)
Tornado 
b)
Earthquake
c)
Tsunami 
d)
Hurricane 
3.
A large wave created by an underwater earthquake is called a...
a)
Earthquake 
b)
Hurricane
c)
Tsunami 
d)
Flood
4.
Lava or ash spewing from a mountain vent.
a)
Earthquake
b)
Flood
c)
Drought
d)
Volcano
5.

The permanent displacement of organisms would be an example of a

a)

long term effect of a natural disaster.

b)

short term effect of a natural disaster.

6.
Tornadoes can negatively affect an ecosystem when
a)
the saltwater they bring kills off burrowing insects
b)
their strong winds uproot many of the important plants
c)
the rise in water level they produce introduces harmful salt
d)
they bring higher temperatures favored by birds
7.

Which of the following correctly matches the catastrophic event with its impact?

a)

Heavy flooding increases the number of species in an area.

b)

A tornado causes seawater to move onto the coast.

c)

A hurricane increases erosion and makes a beach smaller.

d)

A wildfire increases the number of habitats for organisms.

8.
Which of the following natural disasters have had the LEAST impact on TEXAS
a)
hurricanes
b)
floods
c)
tornadoes
d)
earthquakes
9.
what is this
a)
tornado 
b)
landslide
c)
typhoon 
d)
hurricane
10.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
11.
Which of the following natural disasters have the MOST impact on TEXAS?
a)
hurricanes
b)
floods
c)
tornadoes
d)
earthquakes
12.
Which of these is not an impact to the ecosystem after a hurricane?
a)
Fires throughout the area
b)
Poor water quality in the area
c)
Erosion of beaches
d)
Massive flooding
13.

_____________________ happens when rocks on Earth's surface break apart or change without moving anywhere.

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Deposition

14.

_____________________ is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

15.

______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

16.

Eroded materials are called _______________________.

a)

constructive

b)

chemical weathering

c)

sediments

17.

This is an example of _____________________________.

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

18.

A _____________________ is a wetland area that forms as river waters empty into a larger body of water.

a)

dune

b)

delta

c)

deposition

d)

tsunami

19.

The Grand Canyon was caused by _____________________ erosion from the Colorado River.

a)

water

b)

wind

20.

A fan-shaped area where a river meets the ocean is called a ____________. This is formed when sediment and rock is deposited at the end of the river.

a)

dune

b)

delta

c)

weathering

d)

sediment

21.

Waves crashing against a cliff is an example of __________________________ weathering. This is also known as the breaking of rock into smaller pieces by gravity, ice, plant roots, or other factors.

a)

physical

b)

chemical

22.

Which of these terms describes the process of acid rain wearing out limestone?

a)

deposition

b)

chemical weathering

c)

physical weathering

d)

erosion

23.

Rain washing away soil from a hillside is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

24.

An area of land that drains to a particular river, lake, bay, or other body of water.

a)

Tributary

b)

Wetland

c)

Divide

d)

Watershed

25.

All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice, and snow that are found above ground

a)

Groundwater

b)

Surface water

c)

Runoff

d)

Swimming pool

26.
An area of permeable layer of rock or soil that holds a large amount of water in the saturated zone is called what?
a)
Aquifer
b)
Spring
c)
Well
d)
Reservoir
27.

What is the best definition of aquifer?

a)

empty space

b)

a space below the water table

c)

a measure of how well a material absorbs water

d)

an underground layer of permeable (that is, water-bearing) rock

28.
Overflow during a heavy rainstorm from a wastewater treatment plan would result in what?
a)
polluted runoff into nearby ponds
b)
flooding in the local aquifer
c)
weakened housing foundations
d)
over-treated drinking water
29.
What can runoff contaminates cause in a lake, river, or stream?
a)
the earth to sink
b)
the water in an aquifer to drop
c)
harmful rapid growth of algae
d)
cleaner water for bathing
30.
A ___________________ is the area of land that collects runoff and channels it into a main river.
a)
rill
b)
gully
c)
stream channel
d)
watershed
31.

What definition BEST describes a watershed?

a)

An area where water infiltrates the soil

b)

An area where aquatic plants and animals thrive

c)

An area where snow melts and changes into liquid water

d)

An area that collects precipitation and drains it to the lowest point

32.

The boundaries of a watershed are determined by ___________

a)

Elevation

b)

Soil type

c)

The amount of water that flows

d)

The kinds of organisms found in the area

33.

Pollutants from a factory that enter the water in a watershed will have a negative effect on which of the following?

a)

Local pond life

b)

Rainfall rates

c)

Direction of river flow

d)

Available space for crops

34.

The use of pesticides and fertilizers is carefully monitored because of the effect they can have on the environment. Which of the following is a possible negative effect of the use of these chemical on the environment?

a)

These chemicals are expensive to produce.

b)

Runoff carries these chemicals into lakes and streams.

c)

Storage space for these chemicals is limited.

d)

Theses chemicals cannot be purchased in large bulk.

35.

Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often the result of -

a)

loss of habitat due to commercial building.

b)

flooding that causes water levels to rise.

c)

excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff.

d)

clogged river tributaries entering a lake.

36.
Hurricane Katrina had a dramatic affect on many coastal areas along the Gulf of Mexico.  The following pictures show a stretch of beach in Texas before and after the storm made landfall.  What effect will the storms erosive damage most likely have on this section of beach in the future?
a)
The higher ocean level will decrease the amount of sand being brought onto the beach, making the beach smaller.
b)
The loss of vegetation along the coast will increase the amount of beach erosion in the future, making the beach smaller.
c)
The loss of vegetation along the coast will decrease the amount of beach erosion in the future, making the beach bigger.
d)
The higher ocean level will increase the amount of sand being brought onto the beach, making the beach bigger.
37.
Karen has a birdbath made of poured concrete. When she bought it, the salesman suggested that she seal the surface with a watertight solution. Why was this suggestion made?
a)
In cold, wet weather, any water that seeped into the concrete would freeze and cause the birdbath to crack.
b)
The watertight solution would slow the evaporation of water during periods of warm weather.
c)
Over time, rainwater would react with the surface of the concrete and deposit a mineral layer over the carved areas.
d)
When rainwater sits in a concrete basin, the pH becomes too acidic for the birds. The solution allows the pH to remain neutral.
38.
Sand for beaches comes from rocks in the area that are weathered down, and their sediment is deposited in the area beaches.  The beaches are then eroded, and the sediment is moved away from the beaches.  If rocks stopped weathering, how would the beach change?
a)
The beach would gain sediment because sand would still be deposited and not weathered away. 
b)
The beach would lose sediment because sand would still erode away, and there is no new sediment being deposited.
c)
The beach would stay the same because the beach could not change if it could not be weathered.
d)
The beach would lose sediment because the sand would still weather, moving sediment into the ocean.
39.
John was changing the oil in his truck. He dumped the used oil around a fence post to keep weeds from growing. John didn't know it, but he was hurting the environment because the oil —
a)
rots the base of the fence post and attracts harmful insects
b)
goes deep into the soil and pollutes the groundwater
c)
kills weeds and they are an important part of the environment
d)
attracts more insects that will take over his yard
40.
If a large volcano that is on an island erupts, it will impact the local ecosystem.  Which of the following is NOT a way the volcano will affect the local ecosystem?
a)
Lava will run down from the volcano, burning down all the trees around the volcano.
b)
The lava from the volcano will heat up the air in the local area and kill all life in the area.
c)
When the volcano erupts, it will throw dust into the air affecting plants across the island.
d)
The lava will run into the ocean around the island, killing coral reef animals.
41.
A river in Texas starts at a natural spring of water. The spring water flows up into an area that is used as a swimming pool, and then flows into a river a few miles away. Eight million gallons of water flow out of the spring every hour. What is the relationship between the spring and the river?
a)
The water from the spring is ground water that joins the surface water of the river. 
b)
The water from the river and spring are both examples of surface water.
c)
The water from the river and spring are both examples of ground water. 
d)
The water from the spring and river are considered run-off.
42.
A local gardener puts fertilizer on his plants. The plants are very healthy, but what is a negative effect the fertilizers have on the environment? 
a)
Excess fertilizer is washed into local streams, causing an overgrowth of algae, which is a producer. 
b)
The fertilizer builds up in the soil and causes more weeds to grow over time.
c)
The fertilizer evaporates, causing acid rain to fall on the neighborhood.
d)
The fertilizer causes an overabundance of producers.
43.

Most of the damage done by hurricanes is caused by —

a)

storm surges that flood coastal areas

b)

lightning from thunderstorms

c)

trees falling due to high winds

d)

windows blowing out of buildings

44.

A picture of Palo Duro Canyon in the Texas Panhandle is shown above. Its formation occurred over a long period of time.

Which of the following processes most likely shaped this canyon?

a)

Volcanoes erupting

b)

Earth's plates colliding

c)

Glaciers forming

d)

Water flowing

45.

Hurricanes along the Gulf Coastal areas of Texas increase the rate of coastal erosion. Over time, this erosion can greatly affect the coastal environment.

Which of the following is a result of erosion on coastal environments?

a)

Over time, coastal land areas increase.

b)

As waves crash on the beach, rocks are broken down.

c)

Competition for resources increases as habitats are lost.

d)

Steep canyons form from flowing rivers.

46.
A paper company wants to build a paper mill in the watershed where a village exists. In order to minimize pollution, where would be the best place to build it?
a)
at the highest point in the watershed
b)
downstream from the village
c)
closest to freshwater
d)
near a main street in the village
47.

Natural land formations can be found all over the United States. What most likely caused this rock formation?

a)

glaciers

b)

wind

c)

landslide

d)

water

48.

A landslide carries many tons of rock from a hillside into a valley. All of the plants in the valley are buried. New plants that begin to grow in the valley after the landslide will MOST LIKELY lack

a)

clean air

b)

rich soil

c)

bright light

d)

fresh water

49.

A large volcanic eruption can produce a cloud of ash that can impact the world's climate for some time. A cloud of ash that blocked out the sun for four months would MOST LIKELY have which of thse effects?

a)

higher temperatures on Earth and increased rates of photosynthesis

b)

large amounts of precipitation and flooding of coastal areas

c)

lower temperatures and slower rates of plant growth

d)

high rates of extinction amoun reptiles ans amphibians

50.

Which of the following events is most likely to cause an environmental disturbance in a grassland biome?

a)

earthquake

b)

volcanic eruption

c)

hurricane

d)

fire caused by lightning

51.

A volcanic eruption covers a wide area of forest with ash, lava, and volcanic rock. Which of these describes the first stage of ecological succession that will begin to return biotic factors to the forest community and return to a state of equilibrium?

a)

the volcano stops erupting

b)

the lava cools to form rock

c)

lichens grow on the rocks

d)

the rocks melt back into lava

52.

Rivers start in areas of higher elevation and run towards the ocean. The river moves sediment, as well as water. When a river is dammed, it will change the sediment flow of an area. Which change of sediment would be a result of a dam being built.

a)

more sediment would be moved by the rivier

b)

more sediment would be deposited right after the dam

c)

more sediment would be deposited in the lake

d)

the dam will not affect the deposition of sediment

53.

The Rio Grande River separates Mexico from Texas. What most likely created the riverbed?

a)

glacers

b)

plate collisions

c)

volcanoes

d)

water erosion

54.

Which of the Texas ecoregions is effected the most by Hurricanes?

a)

Hill Country

b)

Big Bend Country

c)

Gulf Coast

d)

Panhandle Plains

55.

All water eventually empties into

a)

an ocean

b)

a river

c)

the ground

d)

a lake

56.

An area of land that drains to a particular river, lake, bay, or other body of water.

a)

Tributary

b)

Wetland

c)

Divide

d)

Watershed

57.

All bodies of fresh water, salt water, ice, and snow that are found above ground

a)

Groundwater

b)

Surface water

c)

Runoff

d)

Swimming pool

58.
An area of permeable layer of rock or soil that holds a large amount of water in the saturated zone is called what?
a)
Aquifer
b)
Spring
c)
Well
d)
Reservoir
59.
The water that fills lakes and rivers
a)
groundwater
b)
surface water
c)
water table
d)
saturated zone
60.
Water stored  in cracks and pores below the Earth's surface is called:
a)
Groundwater
b)
Bogs
c)
Water in the ground
d)
surface water
61.
Sand is ___________, meaning that water can pass through easily.
a)
Permeable
b)
Impermeable
c)
Solid
d)
Soft
62.

What is the best definition of aquifer?

a)

empty space

b)

a space below the water table

c)

a measure of how well a material absorbs water

d)

an underground layer of permeable (that is, water-bearing) rock

63.
An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water?
a)
Reservoir
b)
Aquifer
c)
Groundwater
d)
Watershed

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