Arterial puncture is an ideal specimen for the respiratory function evaluation due to the consistency of its composition and high oxygen content.

Health workers who collect arterial specimens should have extensive skills and knowledge on the performance of the procedure, and should undergo periodic evaluation.

The following personnel are the health workers who collect arterial specimen: an ideal specimen for the respiratory function evaluation due to the consistency of its composition and high oxygen content.

The accuracy of the results of ABGs are easily affected by preanalytical error.

The normal range of O2 saturation is 95%-98%.

The normal range of pH is between 7.35 and 7.45.

The normal range of PaCO2 is between 35-45 mm Hg.

The normal range of PaO2 is 70-80 mm Hg.

The normal range of HCO2 is 22-26 mEq/L.

The normal range of Base excess is (-2)-(+2) mEq/L.

PaCO2 is the partial pressure of O2 dissolved in arterial blood.

PaO2 is the partial pressure of CO2 dissolved in arterial blood.

O2 saturation is the percentage of O2 bound to hemoglobin.

HCO2 is the measure of bicarbonate in the blood.

Base excess is the measure of acidity or alkalinity of blood.

pH is the calculation of the non-respiratory part of acid-base balance.

The potential site can be evaluated by using a portable ultrasound instrument or by modified PAP test.

One criteria in ABGs is that the vein should be accessible and large in size.

The surrounding tissue of the puncture site should have high risk of being injured during the procedure.

The area should be free from inflammation, irritation, edema, hematoma, lesion, and wound.

There should be an AV shunt near the site or recent arterial puncture as a part of the criteria for ABGs.

For babies, a possible arterial puncture site could be taken from their dorsalis pedis arteries.

For adults, a possible arterial puncture site could be taken from their hair and scalp.

Radial artery is the preferred artery for a large volume of blood.

Brachial arteries have a less chance of hematoma formation.

One of the advantages of femoral artery is that its where arterial sampling is possible.

Radial artery is difficult to locate on patients w. hypovolemia or low cardiac output.

Femoral artery has poor collateral circulation.

Brachial arteries are deeper and harder to palpate.

The identity of the patient is confirmed before the start of the test.

The blood drawer should not explain the procedure and get expressed consent.

The patient should be in a standing position for at least 5 minutes before the arterial puncture.

For 5 minutes or until the patient’s breathing is stable, they should be resting in a comfortable position.

The patient should be stable or in steady state for 20 to 30 minutes before the test is performed.

A doctor's order is presented before anesthesia is used.

To determine if the patient has collateral circulation, the modified allen test is performed prior to collection.

You’ll know if the patient has collateral circulation when you use the modified allen test and the hand is not flush pink.

The arterial puncture is an invasive procedure.

It is used to collect blood specimens for arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis to manage cardiopulmonary disorders and maintain the acid-base balance of the body.

It is an ideal specimen for the respiratory function evaluation due to the consistency of its composition and high oxygen content.

It is the evaluation to diagnose respiratory disorders.

Its evaluation provides information about the ff: oxygenation, ventilation, acid-balance w/c helps in the management of the disease.

It is a measure of acidity or alkalinity of blood.

It is the partial pressure of O2 dissolved in arterial blood.

It is the partial pressure of CO2 dissolved in arterial blood.

It is the measure of bicarbonate in the blood.

It is the percentage of O2 bound to hemoglobin.

It is the calculation of the non-respiratory part of acid-base balance.

It is the site that gets blood supply from more than one artery.

What is used to evaluate a potential site?

Other sites for arterial puncture for adults.

Other sites for arterial puncture for babies.

It is the most commonly used artery puncture site and located in the thumb site of the wrist.

It is an artery puncture site located in the medial anterior of the antecubital fossa.

It is an artery puncture site located in the groin lateral to the pubic bone.

It is the artery that is small in size found on the arm and hand.

It is the artery that lies close to the basilic vein and median nerve.

It is the artery that lies close to the femoral vein and has an increased risk of infection due to location and pubic hair.

Administering this for young patients prevents adverse reactions.

It is the involuntary contraction of the artery.

It is the results from repeated punctures on the same site.

It is avoided by using local anesthesia.

You should observe proper preparation in the pre-analytical phase.

It can be avoided by multiple punctures on a single site.

It should be addressed and reported immediately to the nurse/physician.

It must be reported to the nurse/physician.

You’ll need to remove the needle, activate the safety device, maintain pressure over the site, and follow the syncope procedure.

WHICH OF THESE ABG TEST RESULTS IS REQUIRED IN THE REQUISITION INFORMATIN?

ALL OF THE FF ARE REQUIRED ABG TEST RESULTS INFORMATIN EXCEPT ONE, WHICH IS IT?

WHICH OF THE FF IS A CRITERIA FOR REJECTION FOR ABG SPECIMEN?