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Ch. 15- The Urinary System

Total questions: 144

Worksheet time: 2hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The presence of red blood cells in urine is called

a)

ketonuria

b)

pyuria

c)

glycosuria

d)

hematuria

2.

The presence of pus in urine can be caused by

a)

liver disease

b)

diabetes mellitus

c)

a urinary tract infection

d)

all of the above

3.

An indication that your body is in starvation mode is the presence of ___________________ in your urine

a)

ketones

b)

pus

c)

red blood cells

d)

bile

4.

An indication that someone is suffering from liver disease can be the presence of __________________ in the urine

a)

ketones

b)

pus

c)

bile

d)

albumin

5.

Diabetes mellitus can be detected by the presence of _________________ in urine

a)

glucose

b)

ketones

c)

bile

d)

both glucose and ketones

6.

The urinary system maintains homeostasis in the body by

a)

removing nitrogenous wastes (urea)

b)

controlling water and salt balance

c)

regulating blood pressure

d)

all of the above are functions of the urinary system

7.

Which hormone is release by the kidneys in response to a drop in blood pressure?

a)

estrogen

b)

testosterone

c)

renin

d)

erythropoietin

8.

UTIs are most common in

a)

men

b)

women

9.

What is one way to prevent UTIs from occurring?

a)

Drink more coffee

b)

Wipe from back to front

c)

Wipe from front to back

d)

Wear rayon undergarments

10.

Inflammation of urethra

a)

Cystitis

b)

Urethritis

c)

Nephritis

d)

Glomerulonephritis

11.

Renal calculi or kidney stones can be caused by

a)

UTI

b)

Food/Diet

c)

Genetics

d)

all of these

12.

Requires dialysis & possibly kidney transplant

a)

Renal Calculi

b)

Urethritis

c)

Kidney Failure

d)

Edema

13.

Damage to the filtration portion of the kidney

a)

PKU

b)

Glomerulonephritis

c)

Cystitis

d)

Acute Kidney failure

14.

What is a symptom of a UTI?

a)

dysuria

b)

dyspepsia

c)

dysphagia

d)

dyspnea

15.

The machine for hemodialysis is sometimes termed a

a)

peritoneal

b)

artificial kidney

c)

calculus

d)

KUB

16.

What are treatment options for someone with kidney failure?

a)

Hemodialysis

b)

Peritoneal dialysis

c)

Kidney transplant

d)

All of the answers are correct

17.

What structure in the kidneys filters the blood?

a)

Ureters

b)

Nephrons

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

18.

In ____________________, clusters of cysts form inside the kidneys and take the place of the normal tissue. The affected kidneys become enlarged and work poorly.

a)

incontinence

b)

kidney stones

c)

PKD - Polycystic Kidney Disease

d)

CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease

19.

In _______________________________, the kidneys are damaged and unable to filter blood properly. This damage can lead to a build-up of waste substances in the body and to other problems, including kidney failure.

a)

incontinence

b)

kidney stones

c)

PKD - Polycystic Kidney Disease

d)

CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease

20.

A simple kidney ___________ is a rounded pouch or a closed pocket that is usually filled with fluid.

a)

incontinence

b)

kidney stones

c)

cyst

d)

CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease

21.

Urinary ____________ Is the Loss of Bladder Control

a)

incontinence

b)

kidney stones

c)

cyst

d)

CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease

22.

___________________ can form when mineral and acid salts in the urine crystallize and stick together

a)

Incontinence

b)

Kidney stones

c)

cyst

d)

CKD - Chronic Kidney Disease

23.

Kidney ________________ occurs due to loss of glomeruli due to fewer functional nephrons

a)

atrophy

b)

hypertrophy

c)

regeneration

d)

elasticity

24.

As we age, renal tubules ______________.

a)

loose elasticity

b)

thicken

c)

thin

25.

As we age, our ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra ____________________.

a)

atrophy

b)

become thinner

c)

become thicker

d)

loose elasticity

26.

As we age, nephron units decrease by ________.

a)

20%

b)

30%

c)

50%

d)

75%

27.
In addition to water, the principal components of urine are
a)
amino acids and fatty acids
b)
urea and salts
c)
ammonia and bile
d)
hydrochloric acid and bases
28.
Which structure is correctly paired with its function?
a)
urethra–eliminates urine from the bladder
b)
neuron–filters the blood
c)
ventricle–pumps blood directly into atria
d)
liver–produces intestinal amylase
29.
After reabsorption in nephrons is completed, the fluid that is left in the tubules is transported to the
a)
Bowman's capsule
b)
circulatory system
c)
urinary bladder
d)
bile duct
30.
The diagram represents a nephron. Which process takes place in region A?
a)
Proteins are converted to urea.
b)
Substances are filtered out of the glomerulus.
c)
Urine is stored temporarily.
d)
Water is reabsorbed into the blood.
31.
What is a major function of the blood vessel represented in the diagram?
a)
releasing carbon dioxide into the sweat gland
b)
transporting oxygen away from the sweat gland
c)
transporting wastes to the sweat gland
d)
filtering starch out of the sweat gland
32.

The excretory system is responsible for moving toxic wastes, dissolved molecules, and excess heat. You would conclude that the excretory system contributes to

a)

circulating molecules around the body

b)

maintaining homeostasis in the body

c)

producing egg and sperm cells in the body

d)

gas exchange

33.
Which sequence represents the correct pathway for the removal of urine from the human body?
a)
kidney → ureter → urinary bladder → urethra
b)
kidney → urethra → urinary bladder → ureter
c)
ureter → kidney → urinary bladder → urethra
d)
urethra → kidney → urinary bladder → ureter
34.
In humans, the organ that most directly regulates the concentration of water in the blood is the
a)
heart
b)
liver
c)
pancreas
d)
kidney
35.
In humans, the ureter transports urine from the
a)
blood to the kidney
b)
liver to the kidney
c)
kidney to the urinary bladder
d)
urinary bladder to outside the body
36.
As urine is excreted, muscle contractions of the urinary bladder will cause the urine to pass into the
a)
ureter
b)
glomerulus
c)
urethra
d)
Bowman's capsule
37.
What is the principal function of the excretory structure indicated by letter X in the diagram?
a)
reabsorption
b)
filtration
c)
storage
d)
egestion
38.
The nephron is the structural unit of the human
a)
lung
b)
liver
c)
kidney
d)
intestine
39.
What is the main function of a nephron?
a)
It breaks down red blood cells to form nitrogenous wastes.
b)
It regulates the chemical composition of the blood.
c)
 It forms urea from the waste products of protein metabolism.
d)
It absorbs digested food from the contents of the small intestine.
40.
In humans, which substances are normally filtered out of the blood by the nephrons and then excreted?
a)
water, carbon dioxide, and glucose
b)
urea, water, and mineral salts
c)
water, glycogen, and urea
d)
glucose, water, and red blood cells
41.
Which excretory organ eliminates water and some chemical wastes in perspiration?
a)
lungs
b)
skin
c)
liver
d)
kidneys
42.
The process of removal of the body’s wastes is called
a)
gas exchange.
b)
respiration.
c)
excretion.
d)
filtration.
43.
What is #3?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureters
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
44.
Which organ system removes cellular wastes as the result of cellular respiration?
a)
nervous
b)
digestive
c)
excretory
d)
circulatory
45.
What is the function of the urethra?
a)
It filters urea out of the bloodstream
b)
It delivers urine from the bladder to the outside world
c)
It transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder
d)
It prevents urine from leaking out of the bladder
46.

Excretion is...

a)

The removal of substances from the body

b)

The removal of waste products from the body

c)

The removal of faeces from the body

d)

The release of enzymes or hormones by a gland

47.
Which are the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder?
a)
Adrenal tubes
b)
Kidneys
c)
Ureters
d)
Urethras
48.
There are two kidneys, two ureters, one urinary bladder, and one urethra.
a)
True
b)
False
49.
The _________ is/are responsible for urine storage.
a)
Bladder
b)
Kidneys
c)
Ureter
d)
Urethra
50.
The major organ of the urinary system is the
a)
Gallbladder
b)
Ureter
c)
Kidney
d)
Nephrons
51.

What structure in the kidneys filters the blood?

a)

Ureters

b)

Nephrons

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

52.

Which is not a function of the urinary system?

a)

filtration

b)

waste storage and removal

c)

homeostasis maintenance

d)

hormone production

53.

Each kidney contains over 1 million of these microscopic units

a)

adrenal glands

b)

glomeruli

c)

neurons

d)

nephrons

54.

What is one way to prevent UTIs from occurring?

a)

Drink more coffee

b)

Wipe from back to front

c)

Wipe from front to back

d)

Wear rayon undergarments

55.

The ________________ arteries supply the kidneys with blood.

a)

Renal

b)

Urethral

c)

Pulmonary

d)

Pelvic

56.

UTI stands for:

a)

Upper respiratory infection

b)

Upper tract infection

c)

Urinary tract infection

57.

Urinary tract infections are often diagnosed by which one?

a)

Bladder failure

b)

Decreased urination

c)

Bacteria in the urine

d)

Nephron death

58.

What are the waste products of the urinary system?

a)

salt

b)

water

c)

nitrogenous waste

d)

peristalsis

59.

What are the symptoms of a UTI?

a)

frequent need to urinate

b)

painful/burning sensation when urinating

c)

dark urine

d)

blood in urine

e)

cramps

60.

Incontinence is when you can't hold in your urine

a)

True

b)

False

61.

The term for painful urination is:

a)

dysuria

b)

pyuria

c)

anuria

d)

polyuria

62.

What is the external opening of the urethra called?

a)

Urethra

b)

Urinary meatus

c)

Micturition

63.

The passage of blood through a semipermeable membrane to rid the blood of harmful wastes, extra salt, and water using an outside device when the kidneys are in failure.

a)

Dialysis

b)

Cystitis

c)

Pyelitis

64.

Pyuria is

a)

pus in the urine

b)

blood in the urine

c)

electrolytes in the urine

65.

Oliguria (urinating below the average amount) is the opposite of

a)

Hematuria

b)

Polyuria

c)

Incontinence

d)

Retention

66.

Men have a longer urethra than women, which is why they are less likely to get a UTI

a)

True

b)

False

67.
Which are the tubes that carry urine from the kidney to the bladder?
a)
Adrenal tubes
b)
Kidneys
c)
Ureters
d)
Urethras
68.
There are two kidneys, two ureters, one urinary bladder, and one urethra.
a)
True
b)
False
69.
The _________ is/are responsible for urine storage.
a)
Bladder
b)
Kidneys
c)
Ureter
d)
Urethra
70.
The major organ of the urinary system is the
a)
Gallbladder
b)
Ureter
c)
Kidney
d)
Nephrons
71.
What is the function of the urethra?
a)
It filters urea out of the bloodstream
b)
It delivers urine from the bladder to the outside world
c)
It transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder
d)
It prevents urine from leaking out of the bladder
72.
What word describes the function of the nephrons?
a)
Tube
b)
Passageway
c)
Filter
d)
Reservoir
73.
Urine production takes place in the:
a)
nephrons
b)
bladder
c)
ureter
d)
renal pelvis
74.
In homeostasis, the kidney regulates the:
a)
levels of electrolytes 
b)
amount of water in the body
c)
pH
d)
all of the above
75.
Which stage of urine production involves the removal of substances from the bloodstream?
a)
reabsorption
b)
excretion
c)
filtration
d)
secretion
76.
Which stage of urine production involves returning water, nutrients, and electrolytes to the bloodstream?
a)
filtration
b)
excretion
c)
secretion
d)
reabsorption 
77.
Which stage of urine production involves adding ammonia, uric acid, and other waste substances directly into the renal tubule?
a)
reabsorption
b)
filtration
c)
secretion
d)
excretion
78.
Under normal circumstances, which substance should NOT be found in urine?
a)
glucose
b)
blood
c)
albumin
d)
none of the above
79.

Which kidney structure moves urine via peristalsis into the ureter?

a)
renal pelvis
b)

renal medulla

c)
renal papilla
d)

renal cortex

80.

The treatment for most kidney stones is

a)

to wait until it passes.

b)

lithotrypsy

c)

break it down with a laser

d)

surgery

81.
Which of the following parts is not found in the urinary system?
a)
Ureters
b)
Urethra
c)
Bladder
d)
Rectum 
82.

The 3 parts of the kidney:

a)

ureter, bladder, urethra

b)

nephron, glomerulus, renal tubules

c)

medulla, cortex and pelvis

d)

filtration, reabsorption, secretion

83.
What is #4?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureter
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
84.
What is #2?
a)
Kidney
b)
Ureters
c)
Bladder
d)
Urethra
85.

Urinary tract infections are often diagnosed by which one?

a)

Bladder failure

b)

Decreased urination

c)

Bacteria in the urine

d)

Nephron death

86.

What is tested for in a urinalysis test that could potentially indicate a person's health?

a)

pH

b)

Presence of blood

c)

Protein levels

d)

All of the above

87.

Which number is the urinary bladder?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

88.

Which number is the ureter?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

89.

Which number is the kidney?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

90.

Which structure is responsible for filtering blood?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

91.

Which structure is responsible for storing urine?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

92.

Which structure is responsible for transporting urine?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

93.

What is structure 1

a)

ureter

b)

urethra

c)

urinary bladder

d)

trigone

94.

What is structure 2?

a)

ureter

b)

urethra

c)

urinary bladder

d)

trigone

95.

What is structure 3?

a)

ureter

b)

urethra

c)

urinary bladder

d)

trigone

96.

What is structure 4?

a)

internal sphincter

b)

ureter

c)

urinary bladder

d)

trigone

97.

What is structure 5?

a)

internal sphincter

b)

ureter

c)

urinary bladder

d)

urethra

98.

Which structure is the medulla?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

None of these

99.

Which structure is the renal artery?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

None of these

100.

Which structure is the renal vein?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

None of these

101.

Which structure is the minor calyx?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

None of these

102.

Which structure is the cortex?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

e)

None of these

103.

The ________ is a sac-like muscular organ that stores urine until it is released from the body.

a)

ureters

b)

kidneys

c)

bladder

d)

urethra

104.

The urine passes through the __________ as it passes out of the body.

a)

urethra

b)

ureters

c)

bladder

d)

kidney

105.

part G is the

a)

ureter

b)

urethra

c)

renal artery

d)

renal vein

106.

Part B is the

a)

cortex

b)

medulla

c)

glomerulus

d)

renal pyramid

107.

What are the main excretory organs?

a)

bladder

b)

kidneys

c)

ureters

d)

urethra

108.

Excess water and some chemical and cellular waste products eliminated from the body in liquid waste is called

a)

urea

b)

urine

c)

liquid waste

d)

solid waste

109.

The two narrow tubes that urine flows through from the kidneys to the bladder are the

a)

urethras

b)

kidneys

c)

esophagus

d)

ureters

110.

The process of artificially filtering the blood to remove waste is known as

a)

kidney failure

b)

kidney stones

c)

lithotrypsy

d)

dialysis

111.

We become thirsty on a hot day too prompt us to drink to replace __________ in order to maintain homeostasis.

a)

urine

b)

wastes

c)

blood

d)

lost fluids

112.

What structure in the kidneys filters the blood?

a)

Ureters

b)

Nephrons

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

113.

Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidney. They are responsible for _________________________.

a)

releasing urine from the body

b)

forming urine

c)

transporting water to the urinary bladder

d)

transporting blood to the kidneys

114.

______________________ is the fluid that passes from the blood through the capillary walls of the glomeruli into Bowman’s capsule.

a)

Glomerular filtrate

b)

Urine

c)

Urea

d)

Water

115.

The renal corpuscle functions to filter __________________.

a)

water

b)

blood plasma

c)

urine

116.

____________________are specialized epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubule. These cells sense sodium chloride concentration in the tubule, which in turn reflects the systemic blood pressure.

a)

Podocytes

b)

Juxtaglomerular cells

c)

Mesangial cells

d)

Macula densa

117.

____________________are smooth muscle cells that regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.

a)

Podocytes

b)

Juxtaglomerular cells

c)

Mesangial cells

d)

Macula densa

118.

Which part of the renal tubule reabsorbs ions, water, and nutrients?

a)

Proximal convoluted tubule

b)

Loop of Henle

c)

Distal convoluted tubule

d)

Collecting duct

119.

Which part of the renal tubule selectively secretes and absorbs ions to maintain blood pH and electrolyte balance?

a)

Ascending Loop of Henle

b)

Descending Loop of Henle

c)

Distal convoluted tubule

d)

Collecting duct

120.

_____________________ is the movement of water, small solutes, & ions across a filtration membrane out of the glomerular capillary blood plasma into capsular space.

a)

Net filtration pressure

b)

Colloidal osmotic pressure

c)

Glomelular filtration

121.

Which of the following factors affect GFR (glomerular filtration rate)?

a)

autoregulation

b)

hormonal regulation

c)

autonomic regulation

d)

enzymatic regulation

122.

Which of the following are characteristics of urine?

a)

normal color is somewhat yellow

b)

pH is around 7.5

c)

pH is around 6

d)

It is sterile.

123.

Urine is about

a)

95% water & 5% waste products

b)

50% water & 50% waste products

c)

75% water & 25% waste products

d)

80% water & 20% waste products

124.

Slender tubes that transport urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

a)

urethra

b)

urinary bladder

c)

ureters

125.

Hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine

a)

urethra

b)

urinary bladder

c)

ureters

126.

Thin-walled tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body by peristalsis.

a)

urethra

b)

urinary bladder

c)

ureters

127.

The act of urination is known as

a)

voiding

b)

micturition

c)

defecating

128.

Name the part circled in pink.

(a)  

129.

Name the part indicated in blue.

(a)  

130.

Name the part, plural.

(a)  

131.

Name the part in pink.

(a)  

132.

Name the part in pink. Moves blood into the kidney.

(a)  

133.

Name the part in blue. Takes blood away from the kidney.

(a)  

134.

Name the part in yellow.

(a)  

135.

collective name for the parts that enter the kidney.

(a)  

136.

Name the part in yellow where urine pools before exiting the kidney.

(a)  

137.

Name of where urine pools after leaving all the medullas.

(a)  

138.

Name the part in yellow where urine collects from a single medulla.

(a)  

139.

Name the part indicated in yellow that contains the medullas.

(a)  

140.

Name the part in yellow that carries urine away from the kidney.

(a)  

141.

Name the part in yellow.

(a)  

142.

name the parts in yellow, plural

(a)  

143.

Name the part in yellow.

(a)  

144.

Name the structure in yellow.

(a)  

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