A baby is born normally. After 2 to 3 months, the mother starts observing that the baby’s abdomen starts enlarging. After 5 to 6 months, the baby’s abdomen has become significantly larger and unusual. At the same time, the mother noticed that the baby is not swallowing the food properly. She also observed that the baby is unable to perform motor skills. Upon taking to the doctor, the doctor observed a cherry red spot in the baby’s eye. The doctor has told there is no permanent cure for this condition and gave the baby few basic drugs to relieve the pain and discomfort.

Unfortunately after 18 months, the baby passed away. During the autopsy, they also found out that the liver and spleen of the baby has been significantly enlarged. What disease did the baby have?

If a patient is having the following results:

1) Acidosis due to low bicarbonate

2) Low GFR due to high urea and creatine

3) Hyperglycemia due to high plasma glucose

4) Ketosis due to high acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate

5) Hyperkalemia due to high potassium

The patient is likely to have which condition?

A 30 y/o, has persistent cough since a few months. He also feels very breathless even with little activity. The doctors have done many tests to find out the cause. They took a sample from his bronchi. They also took a personal history in which they found out that he works in the industry where there is usage of arsenic and arsenic compounds (antifungal outdoor wood preservatives, agricultural industry of pesticides, herbicides and insecticides, manufacture of non-ferrous alloys, glass-manufacturing, electronics industry) This is what they found from his sample. 

What is the diagnosis?

•A patient, 60 y/o is admitted since a year undergoing chemotherapy. You are an intern and you read the reports. In the reports its given that the tumor is caused by cells in the brain whose function is the following. As a medical student what do you diagnose the patient with? Also remember that most brain tumors are derived from these cells.

During a facelift on a 48 year old patient, the plastic surgeon inadvertently cut the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve. Which of the following muscles would be paralysed?

§An 8 year old boy is found to have a mid-line tumor of the thymus gland that is impinging posteriorly on a blood vessel. The affected vessel is most likely the _____?

An 84 y/o patient suffers a stroke, with paralysis on the right side of their body. Neurological tests show that the intracerebral hemorrhage has interrupted the blood supply to the posterior part of the frontal, the parietal and the medial portions of the temporal lobes of the left cerebral hemisphere. Which vessel was involved?

A 70 year old woman, visits your eye clinic for a general checkup. Upon investigation the optometry intern finds out that the patient has a distorted vision. The optometrist also notes that the patient had better vision when she came for the checkup the previous month. Now the patient meets the ophthalmologist. The ophthalmologist diagnoses her with a condition called X. The ophthalmologist prescribes the patient a drops for her eye. The patient asked what are these drops for and can you explain me how do they work. The doctor told the patient that “These drops has a drug that will diffuse into your eye ball and reduces secretion or increases the absorption of aqueous humor”. Now as an intern rotating in the ophthalmology ward, the doctor asks you what is the diagnosis “X”

You are an aspiring ENT resident at Stanford college of medicine. A patient comes for a consultation. The patient tells you that she is unable to hear properly. She is able to hear only feeble sounds and nothing else. You do normal routine check and ask the patient’s attender if the patient has had an infection in the ear before. The attender says she is having repeated infections of her ear for the past 6 months. Upon investigation you find out there is fibrosis of the ear of the patient and that is the reason why she is unable to hear properly. You decide to check her hearing disability by taking her to the ENT lab department. Now what is the instrument you will use to check the hearing disability of the patient and what is your diagnosis for this patient?