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Physiopathology

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

which of these is not specific for rickets

a)

reduced calcemia

b)

tetany

c)

calcinosis

d)

structural impairment of bones (fractures)

e)

increased resorption of calcium in bones

2.

how is right branch block detected on the ECG

a)

deep and wide S wave

b)

lenghthening the PR interval

c)

wide QRS complex

d)

P pulmonar

e)

atrio-ventricular dissociatiion

3.

which of these causes is not able to induce absolute hyperatremia

a)

errors in the administration of hypotonic saline solutiions perfusion

b)

hyperaldosteronism

c)

hypoestrogenism

d)

hightened ingestion of salt

e)

kidney failure with Na retention

4.

which of these is not followed in constipation

a)

excessive mucus secretion

b)

quick intestinal transit

c)

tenesmus

d)

intense absorption of water

e)

irritated mucosa in the large intestine

5.

which of these paraclinal signs is not specific to hemolytic jaundice

a)

high concentration of conjugated bilirubin

b)

normal plasmatic levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase)

c)

normal plasmatic levels of LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)

d)

normal plamatic levals of AST (aspartate aminotransaminase)

e)

high concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin

6.

Which is the pathological change induced when the bone marrow make more leukocytes than normal condition:

a)

Global leukopenia

b)

Apparent leukopenia

c)

Apparent leukocytosis

d)

Absolute leukocytosis

e)

Absolute leukopenia

7.

the causes of anorexia are:

a)

inhibition of hunger center, stress, chronic diseases and polivitaminosis

b)

the stimulation of hunger center, stress and chronic diseases

c)

vitamin deficiency and endocrine diseases such as the amplification of STH secretion and hyperthyroidism

d)

stress, chronic diseases and endocrine diseases such as the reduction of STH secretion and hyperthyroidism

e)

the inhibition of hunger center, stress, chronic diseases and the functional impairment of the olfactory and taste receptors

8.

hypovitaminosis K leeds to:

a)

dispneea

b)

constipation

c)

hemorrhagiparous syndrome 

d)

diarrhea

e)

liver failure

9.

Aplastic or hypoplastic anemia is accompanied by the disappearance from the circulating blood of:

a)

acidophil erythroblasts

b)

proerythroblasts

c)

reticulocytes

d)

erythrocytes

e)

basophil erythroblasts

10.

intestinal hyperperistalsis can be caused by:

a)

foreign bodies

b)

compressive tumors

c)

indigestion

d)

peritoneal adhesions 

e)

uremia

11.

which of these is not a cause for malabsorption:

a)

maldigestion

b)

hyposecretion of pancreatic juice

c)

diarrhea

d)

enteritis

e)

excess of bile

12.

which of these are not a cause for hypercalcemia:

a)

bone resorption due to other causes (bone diseases)

b)

excess calcium intake

c)

hyperparathyroidism

d)

hypersecretion of calcitonin 

e)

hypervitaminosis D 

13.

which of these causes is not able to induce edema:

a)

increased vascular permeability 

b)

elevated hydrostatic pressure in the lymphatic system

c)

decreased colloid osmotic pressure of blood plasma

d)

increased colloid osmotic pressure of blood plasma 

e)

elevated hydrostatic pressure of blood

14.

which of these is not followed in bowel obstruction:

a)

Stoppage of the intestinal transit

b)

Hemoconcentration

c)

fermentation and putrefaction 

d)

peristaltic waves 

e)

toxemia

15.

which of these manifestations is not specific to vitamin A deficiency:

a)

hyperkeratosis

b)

xerophthalmia

c)

reproductive, digestive and respiratory disorders

d)

increased growth rate

e)

hemeralopia

16.

what is another name for oligocythemia ? 

a)

hyperemia

b)

anemia

c)

hemorrhage

d)

erythropoiesis

e)

polycythemia

17.

the P wave shows :

a)

atrial repolarization

b)

atrial depolarization 

c)

atrial and ventricular depolarization

d)

ventricular depolarization 

e)

ventricular repolarization

18.

which of these following circumstances in not able to induce ketosis in ruminants : 

a)

excessive intake of low-quality silage

b)

liver disorders 

c)

increase glucose intake

d)

imbalances of the ruminal micro-symbiotic flora

e)

dehydration

19.

polycythemia consists in increasing the number of : 

a)

erythrocytes and leukocytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of blood) 

b)

erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of blood) 

c)

leukocytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of (poojg 

d)

thrombogytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of (poog 

e)

erythrocytes per the entire volurme of blood units/mm3 ot

20.

elements involved in erythrocyte mitosis, whose deficiency leads to the expression of macrocytic normochromic anemia, are :

a)

vitamin B6, vitamin C and folk acid

b)

folic acid, copper and cobalt

c)

cobalt, iron and folic acid 

d)

vitamin B12, folic acid and cobalt

e)

vitamin C iron and cooper

21.

how do we experimentally induce an osmotic edema to a frog ? 

a)

we hyper-hydrate it during 48 hours

b)

we administer it a 0.65% NaCl solution

c)

we deprive it from water during 48 hours

d)

we administer it a 3.8% sodium citrate solution

e)

we administer it a 15% NaCl solution

22.

which of these paraclinical signs is not specific to hemolytic jaundice: 

a)

high concentrations of conjugated bilirubin

b)

normal plasmatic levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase)

c)

normal plasmatic levels of LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)

d)

normal plasmatic levels of AST (aspartate aminotransaminase)

e)

high concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin

23.

which of these paraclinical signs is not specific to hepatocellular jaundice: 

a)

high cholesterolemia

b)

high plasmatic levels of LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)

c)

high plasmatic levels of AST (aspartate aminotransaminase)

d)

high levels of conjugated bilirubin 

e)

high plasmatic levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase)

24.

which of the following conditions cannot lead to the installation of sinusal bradycardia:

a)

vagotonia

b)

uremia

c)

hypothermia

d)

hypothyroidism

e)

sympathicoionia

25.

hypovitaminosis D or avitaminosis D can cause: 

a)

calcinosis and paresis

b)

rickets and osteomalacia

c)

calcinosis and rickets

d)

rickets and arrhythmias

e)

paresis and arrhythmias

26.

which of the following causes leads of hypoalbuminemia:

a)

congenital defect 

b)

infections

c)

insufficient colostrum

d)

vomiting

e)

deficiencies

27.

which of the following is not a direct implications of pharyngeal dysphagia:

a)

reduced food ingestion to the point of starvation (weight loss)

b)

prevention of the bolus from entering the oesophagus

c)

aspiration pneumonia

d)

belching (eructation) 

e)

regurgitation

28.

which of these pathological conjunctures are not able to induce obstructive jaundice:

a)

cholelithiasis (gallstones)

b)

intestinal of hepatic parasites

c)

regional neoplasia (of the pancreas, liver, intestines, or lymph nodes)

d)

ingestion of foreign bodies

e)

proliferative enteritis

29.

deficiency in iodine translates directly by:

a)

hyperthyroidism

b)

hypothyroidism

c)

hyperparathyroidism

d)

hypoparathyroidism

e)

hypoestrogenism

30.

which of these factors is not involved in the generation of diabetes mellitus:

a)

hyperadrenocorticism

b)

increase number of tissue insulin receptors

c)

prolonged progesterone treatment 

d)

obesity

e)

gestation

31.

which kind of the following types of oligocythemis are not classified by mechanisms involved  in the origination:

a)

hypoplastic or aplastic

b)

post-hemorrhagic

c)

regenerative

d)

nutritional

e)

hemolytic

32.

polycythemia consists in increasing the number of : 

a)

erythrocytes and leukocytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of blood) 

b)

erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of blood) 

c)

leukocytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of blood

d)

thrombogytes per the entire volume of blood (units/mm3 of blood

e)

erythrocytes per the entire volurme of blood units/mm3

33.

which these is not specific for disorders of the proteins meta of the liver: 

a)

low levels of serum proteins 

b)

low levels of blood coagulation factors 

c)

low serum levels of ammonia and uric acid 

d)

high serum levels of certain liver enzymes involved in the metabolism

e)

high serum levels of certain liver enzymes involved in the metabolism of proteins, such as ALT and AST O e. low serum levels of urea

34.

AP wave with two picks (P mitral,P bifid) shows :

a)

right ventricular-enlargement 

b)

left ventricular enlargement

c)

global heart enlargement 

d)

right atrial enlargement

e)

lett atnol enlargement

35.

Disorders of the secretory function of the liver can not induce :

a)

anemia

b)

autointoxication

c)

alterations of intestinal peristalsis 

d)

malabsoption

e)

maldigestion

36.

hyperglycemic syndrome is characterized by blood glucose levels 

a)

higher than 210-230 mg/dl 

b)

higher than 130-150 mg/dl 

c)

higher than 170-190 mg/dl

d)

higher than 230-250 mg/dl 

e)

higher then 150-170 mg/di

37.

which kind of the following aspects is not specific for anemia : 

a)

metabolic alkalosis

b)

pallid mnucous membranes

c)

pallid skin 

d)

tachycardia

e)

Metabolic acidosis

38.

which kind of the following types of oligocythemis are not classsified by mechanisms involved in the origination : 

a)

hypoplastic or aplastic

b)

post-hemorrhagic

c)

regenerative

d)

nutritional g

e)

hemolytic

39.

which of these is not able to induce reduction or annihilation of the eructation reflex in ruminants :

a)

a. hypercalcemia 

b)

b.obstructions, occlusions and stenosis of esophagus 

c)

abnormal postures

d)

stress

e)

vagal indigestion

40.

which of the following conditions does not induce premature ventricular complexes (PvC) : 

a)

bronchitis

b)

hepatitis

c)

myocarditis

d)

pancreatitis

e)

volvulus

41.

which of these is not a repercussion for gaseous bloat (meteorism): 

a)

compression of the thoracic cavity

b)

ruminal atony

c)

contraction of the ruminal walls

d)

tachycardia

e)

dyspnea

42.

hyperglycemic syndrome and diabetes mellitus are always accompanied by: 

a)

glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and metabolic alkalosis

b)

glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and hypolipidemia

c)

all the answers are wrong 

d)

ketonemia, ketonuria and metabolic acidosis 

e)

intensified lipolysis hyperipidemia end metabolic alkalosis

43.

Extracellular hyponatremic hypotonia causes :

a)

temporary interstitial dehydration, cellular hyperhydration, hypotonic extracellular hyperhydration, global hyperhydration and coma 

b)

cellular hyperhydration, hypotonic extracellular hyperhydration and global hyperhydration 

c)

temporary interstitial dehydration, hypotonic extracellular hyperhydration global hyperhydration and coma

d)

temporary interstitial dehydration, cellular hypohydration. hypotonic extracellular hyponydration, global hypohydration. and coma 

e)

cellular hyperhydration hypotonic extracellular

44.

which of these is not specific for disorders of the proteins metabolic function of the liver 

a)

low levels of serum proteins

b)

low levels of blood coagulation factors 

c)

low serum levels of ammonia and uric acid

d)

high serum levels of certain liver enzymes involved in the metabolism of proteins, such as ALT and AST

e)

low serum levels of urea AP wave 

45.

with two picks (P mitral,P bifid) shows :

a)

right ventricular enlargement 

b)

left ventricular enlargement 

c)

global heart enlargement

d)

right atrial enlargement

e)

left atrial enlargement

46.

EPI means :

a)

Endocrine Pancreatic Inflammation

b)

Endocrine Parcreatic Insufticiency

c)

Exocrine Pancreatic insufficiency 

d)

all the answers are wrong

e)

exocrine Pancreatic Inflarmmation

47.

the accumulation of ketone bodies in the internal environment causes :

a)

ketonemia, ketonuria, metabolic acidosis and neurological disorders

b)

ketonemia, ketonuria and kidney disorders 

c)

ketonemia, ketonuria, metabolic alkafosis and iver disorders 

d)

ketonemia ketonuria; metabolic acilosis and digestive disorders

e)

ketonema, ketonuria, metabolic alkalosis and neurological dsordets

48.

which of these is not a consequence of hypoproteinemia induced by disturbances in the   metabolism of proteins :

a)

decreased oncotic pressure of blood

b)

increased volemia

c)

hypersecretion of ADH and aldosterone

d)

transfer of water from the bloodstream into the tissues 

e)

ascites

49.

which of these is not specific for hemolyitc anemia :

a)

MCHC's decline 

b)

increase of hemoglobin 

c)

MCV and MCH remain in normal values.

d)

reduction of red blood cells number 

e)

decrease of hematocrit 

50.

Colic can be: 

a)

all the answers are right 

b)

true, false and asymptomatic 

c)

true and false 

d)

true, false and symptomatic 

e)

symptomatic and asymptomatic

51.

Absolute and relative hypoproteinemias lead to specific occurrences such as: 

a)

ascites, increased blood clotting and increased immunological defense of the blood 

b)

edema, increased blood clotting and decreased immunological defense of the blood 

c)

ascites, decreased blood clotting and decreased immunological defense of the blood 

d)

edema, increased blood clotting and increased immunological defenst of the blood 

e)

edema, decreased blood clotting and decreased immunological defense of the blood

52.

which of these is not followed in acute phase of acute ruminal acidosis : 

a)

metabolic acidosis

b)

bacterial migration

c)

hypovolemic shock 

d)

alteration of the ruminal epithelium 

e)

decreasing of the osmotic pressure of the ruminal fluid 

53.

which of the following may cause an increased clotting time ? 

a)

hypercalcemia

b)

hyperproteinemia

c)

hyperventilation

d)

pancreatitis

e)

avitaminosis K

54.

which of these is not an EPI consequence: 

a)

reduced body mass

b)

constipation

c)

malabsorption

d)

maldigestion

e)

elimination of bulky feces covered in grease

55.

during hypoglycemic syndrome, the greatest sensitivity is noted:

a)

in nervous tissue, in smooth muscle tissue and in the heart

b)

in nervous tissue, in smooth muscle tissue and in the liver 

c)

in striated muscle tissue, in smooth muscle tissue and in the heart 

d)

in nervous tissue, in striated muscle tissue and in the liver 

e)

in nervous tissue, in striated muscle tissue and in the heart

56.

tall p wave (p pulmonar) shows: 

a)

left ventricular enlargement

b)

left atrial enlargement 

c)

right ventricular enlargement

d)

right atrial enlargement 

e)

global heart enlargement 

57.

which of these is not a consequence of decreased discharge of bile secretion:

a)

low peristalsis

b)

putrefactions

c)

diarrhea

d)

maldigestion

e)

autointoxication

58.

which of the following results can not be observed in polycythemia:

a)

increased number of red blood cells (RBC)

b)

increased hematocrit 

c)

plasma will present a red color

d)

VEM and HEM remain normal 

e)

increased hemoglobin

59.

A very tall R wave shows: 

a)

global heart enlargement

b)

left ventricular enlargement 

c)

left atrial enlargement 

d)

right atrial enlargement 

e)

right ventricular enlargement 

60.

iron deficiency can cause :

a)

diarrhea

b)

muscular contraction

c)

anemia

d)

polyuria

e)

jaundice

61.

the accumulation of ketone bodies in the internal environment causes

a)

ketonemia, ketonuria, metabolic alkalosis and neurological disorders

b)

ketonemia, ketonuria, metabolic acidosis and digestive disorders

c)

ketonemia, ketonuria, metabolic acidosis and neurological disorders

d)

ketonemia, ketonuria, metabolic alkalosis and liver disorders

e)

ketonemia, ketonuria, and kidney disorders

62.

the direct consequence of choletithiasis are:

a)

vomiting, obstructive jaundice and chholangitis

b)

bile peritonitis, hepatitis and liver failure

c)

obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, and bile peritonitis

d)

constipation, hepatitiss and vomiting

e)

obstructive jaundice, cholangitis, and hepatitis

63.

intense lipolysis, specific to diabetes lead to

a)

hypolipemia

b)

ketonemia

c)

uricemia

d)

metabolic alkalosis

e)

hyperproteinemia

64.

hypoglycemic syndrome is characterize by blood glucose levels

a)

below 30-35 mg/dl

b)

below 25-30 mg/dl

c)

below 45-50 mg/dl

d)

below 20-25 mg/dl

e)

below 35-40 mg/dl

65.

which of these clinical signs is not specific to obstructive jaundice

a)

yellow discoloration of skin and mucosa

b)

discolored feces

c)

bradychardia

d)

colored feces

e)

onset of pruritus (itching) of the skin

66.

how do we experimentally induce hypoglycemia to a mouse

a)

by administration of 0.5 ml of adrenaline

b)

by administration of 0.5 ml of glucose sol. 33%

c)

by administration of 0.2 ml of glucose sol. 33%

d)

by administration of 30 U.I. of insulin i.p

e)

by administration of 5 U.I. of insulin i.p

67.

Elements involved in the biosynthesis of hem, whose deficiency leads to the expression of microcytic hypochromic anemia are

a)

iron

b)

cooper

c)

vitamin E

d)

vitamin B6

e)

all answer are right

68.

which of the pathological manisfestations is not pertaining to the control mechanism of food intake

a)

hyperphagia

b)

bulimia

c)

adipsia

d)

anorexia

e)

parorexia

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