NEW
Font size
WorksheetsBiology Study Guide
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 40mins
Analogous structures among organisms, such as bird wings and insect wings, are evidence of:
divergent evolution
convergent evolution
random changes
prezygotic isolation
common ancestry
Which of the following is not a requirement for natural selection?
catastrophic events
differential reproductive success
overproduction of offspring
genetic variation
inheritance
Which of the following is a hypothesis?
My computer doesn’t work.
What is wrong with my computer?
My computer is too old.
My computer doesn’t work because it has a virus.
What is the #1 reason why species go extinct?
habitat loss
introduced species
overhunting
disease
pollution
Joe is heterozygous for a widow’s peak and has the genotype Ww. Use this information to answer questions 5 and 6.
on homologous chromosomes
on the X and Y chromosomes
both dominant
both present in all Joe’s sperm cells
on the same chromosomes, but far apart
Assume now that widow’s peaks are a dominant trait and Joe marries Jane, who is also heterozygous. What is the percent chance that Joe and Jane’s children will have widow’s peaks?
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
According to Mendel’s Principle of Segregation .
each pair of alleles stays together in each gamete (egg or sperm)
homologous chromosomes move to the same gamete
gametes have one copy of each chromosome and thus, one copy of each allele
gametes are diploid
DNA differs from RNA because:
DNA has a sugar-phosphate backbone and
DNA has thymine and RNA has uracil
RNA has a nucleotide phosphate backbone
DNAhasribosesugarandRNA
DNA has guanine and RNA has adenine
If adenine makes up 30% of the bases in a DNA double helix, what percentage of the bases are guanine?
80%
60%
40%
20%
Why is it dangerous to use antibiotic drugs to treat patients with viral infections in an evolutionary sense?
it’s not- most people expect drugs when they go to the doctor
by increasing your dependence on antibiotics, you are compromising the health of your immune system
you may become immune to antibiotics
antibiotics do not kill viruses and bacteria that are in your system can become resistant to antibiotics
What are alleles?
homologous chromosome
environmental factors that affect gene expression
alternate forms of a gene
non-homologous chromosomes
We are concerned that, sometime in the 21st century as the number of humans on Earth approaches 10 billion, that we may reach the limit of the number of people that the planet can sustain. This idea is an application of which principle?
ecological equilibrium
niche separation
J curve
carrying capacity
What type of reproductive isolating mechanism is demonstrated by a situation in which female frogs will only mate with males that have a certain call?
behavioral isolation
habitat isolation
temporal isolation
post-zygotic isolationp
You are a farmer here in Palouse growing lentils and wheat (what else?). You remember learning about integrated pest management in Biology 102 class at “Wazzu.” Ahem, I mean WSU. Which of the following are part of an integrated pest management strategy?
careful use of pesticides
use of natural predators of crop pests
use of natural predators of crop pests
all of the above
Which of the following are prokaryotes?
bacteria
fungi
plants
insects
Which of the following is not evidence of descent with modification?
relatedness of life forms (e.g., hierarchy)
change through time (e.g., pepper moth)
transitional forms in the fossil record
giraffes that stretched to reach higher leaves have offspring with longer necks
One reason not to cut down the tropical rainforest is because a plant species may hold a cure for cancer. This idea represents which way that biodiversity can be valued, according to lecture?
economic
potential
aesthetic
ecological
Competition between two species can most likely result in:
mimicry
resource partitioning
crypsis
chemical defense
The basic order of the steps of protein synthesis is:
DNA->transcription->mRNA->translation-
>protein
RNA->transcription->DNA->translation-
>protein
DNA->translation->mRNA->transcription-
>protein
DNA->transcription->tRNA->translation-
>protein
What is the main difference between stem cell research and cloning?
Pre-embryos are “harvested” at the zygote stage in stem cell research
Pre-embryos are “harvested” at the blastocyst stage in stem cell research
stem cell research involves a surrogate mother
cloning involves replacing nuclei of eggs, stem cell research involves replacing nuclei of sperm
How did scientists tell that illegal whale meat was being sold in Japan?
they aligned DNA sequences of random samples collected from Japanese markets with those collected from known species in the ocean
they saw fisherman catching whales
they compared VNTR loci of “fish” being sold in markets and whales and found a match with illegal species
they tasted the meat of whales and those sold in Japanese markets
Which of the following is a practical application of cloning?
Dolly the sheep
Gene therapy
making crops resistant to pests
Glow in the dark rabbit
all of the above are applications of cloning research
Why do some doctors suggest a period where no drugs should be used when treating patients with HIV?
the patient’s immune system can rebound and fight off the infection
HIV evolves drug resistance and susceptible strains of HIV will rebound when drugs are removed
drugs mutate quickly
HIV causes only the strongest T cells in the patient to survive; when drugs are removed, the patient is healthy again
The age structure of humans in Mexico is as follows: 50% pre-reproductive age, 30% reproductive age, 20% post-reproductive age. What do you predict will happen to the number of people in Mexico?
increase
decrease
remain stable
decrease, then increase
William Paley is responsible for which idea?
intelligent design
natural selection
“conditions of existence”
“Scala Naturae”
Approximately how long ago did Homo sapiens
(modern humans) evolve?
100,000 years
500,000 years
1.8 million years
2.5 million years
Allopatric speciation could be caused by:
a volcano or other geographic barrier
salmon that breed in the same stream but at different times
gall flies that breed in the same field, but on different gall plants with different predators
none of the above
Which of the following is not a potential reason why we see so many different species on the Earth (think about angiosperms and Cambrian Explosion).
plate tectonics and continental drift
all life has a nucleus as a component of cells
climate fluctuates regularly, causing big freezes and then the glacial recession
mass extinctions
Which of the following is a key characteristic of chordates?
they include insects
they are pseudocoelomates
they have a notochord
they include the gastropods
Which of the following most closely resembles a population in the biological sense?
the human population
the Snake River fish population
the Costa Rican bird population
the Palouse White-Tailed Deer population
Grazing animals such as horses and cows are:
Quaternary consumers
Secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Producer
An organism feeding at multiple trophic levels is called a/an:
Herbivore
Omnivore
Secondary consumer
Producer
How much chemical energy (stored as biomass) is available to primary consumers from 10,000 kcal of primary productivity?
1000 kcal
100 kcal
10 kcal
1 kcal
The Gulf Stream and Japan currents both move clockwise from a southerly point of origin in the northern hemisphere. What is the result of these currents?
Warming at northern latitudes
Warming at southern latitudes
Stabilization at all latitudes
Cooling at northern latitudes
The Humbolt current might most directly be associated with:
Warming Western Australi
Cooling Eastern Africa
Warming the British Isles
Cooling western South America
Which of the following is/are not directly associated with ascending (rising) moist air in the tropics:
Release of moisture into the tropics
An area of calm called the “doldrums
Polar ice caps
Descending dry air over the tropics
Seasons are a direct result of:
The angle of the sun relative to the equator
The orientation of the nine planets of solar system
The tilt of the planet as it orbits the sun
The distance between Earth and the sun
According to lecture, of the following abiotic factors, which has the most significant impact on producers?
Disturbance
Sunlight
Temperature
Wind
Which of the following is a secondary consumer?
A detritivore
A seed eating bird
A carnivorous plant
An insect eating bird (insectivore)
The by-products of cellular respiration are:
ATP and glucose
Carbon dioxide and water
ADP and ATP
Glucose and oxygen
The principle known as ‘Conservation of Energy’ states that:
Energy cycles and chemicals flow
Energy is either created or destroyed
25% use of alternative energy sources must be achieved by 2013
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
Which of the following would not be a potential result of increasing temperature in an aquatic biosystem?
Reduce available oxygen
Increase the rate of evaporation
Increase the metabolism of phytoplankton
Reduce salinity in the system
Which of the following is/are true of cellular respiration?
Cells use oxygen to help harvest the energy potential of organic food molecules
Light generation from cellular metabolism accounts for about 60% of the energy released
Heat generated from fuel consumption in cells is rarely used by terrestrial mammals
This process builds organic fuel molecules from inorganic materials.
An aerobic process (such as cellular respiration…):
Requires oxygen
Requires light
Requires carbon dioxide
Requires nitrogen
Which statement is not correct?
The metabolic pathway for cellular respiration includes Glycolysis, the Krebs Cycle, and electron transport
Cellular respiration is responsible for the conversion of energy used to do cellular work
Cellular respiration is a single reaction
Cellular respiration requires the intake of protein
Energy is made directly available for cellular work when:
ATP loses a phosphate group
ATP is energized by ligh
ATP gains a phosphate group
ATP is released by fatty acids
Of the foods humans consume, which group can be used as fuel for cellular respiration?
Only carbohydrates
Sugar, starch, and iodine
The micronutrients; zinc, calcium, and phosphorus
The macronutriens; Fat, carbohydrates, and protein
Cellular reproduction is most closely associated with which of the following?
Replacing lost or damaged cells
Insuring genetic variability in the next generation
Fertilization of oocytes
The Cell Cycle, which includes interphase and mitosis, is found in:
Eukaryotes only
Prokaryotes only
Prokaryotes only
Eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Disruption during interphase will most directly affect:
Formation of the cell wall
Spindle formation
Duplication of DNA
Cytokinesis
Carcinomas and melanomas include:
Cancers of the skin and pigment
Cancers of the connective tissue
Cancers of the blood-forming tissues
Cancers of the non-neural brain cells
Epithelial cancers are the most common malignancies and are called:
Gliomas
Sarcomas
Melanomas
Carcinomas
The temperate deciduous forest is characterized by
Dense stands of deciduous trees
Permafrost and the presence of tall trees
The strong influence of trade winds
Its presence near the poles
Which of the following biomes are heavily influenced by, or dependent on fire?
Chaparral, Desert, and tundra
Temperate grasslands, chaparral and Savanna
Tropical forest, Chaparral, and temperate grasslands
Savanna, Chaparral, and desert
Chaparral, Desert, and tundra
All bacteria
All animals
All protists
All plants
Which of the following results in an interruption to electron transport?
Cyanide and Carbon Monoxide poisoning
Food poisoning
Trisomy 21
Non-hodgkins lymphoma
Grain plants such as soybeans, oats, and wheat:
Have adaptive enzymes that allow collection of CO2 from air spaces in leaves
Open stomata to decrease water loss
Increase sugar production at night
Take CO2 directly from the air
Plants located in the desert are likely to:
Have decreased productivity in dry weather
Collect CO2 from air spaces in the leaves by way of specialized enzymes
Bank CO2 by night
Take CO2 directly from the air during day and night
Which of the following is/are directly related to wind as an abiotic factor?
Dispersal of pollen and seeds
Ground level competition
Concentration of urine in kidneys
Slowing metabolism in plants
Wind results most directly from:
Ocean currents
Uneven heating of water
Uneven heating of air masses
Global warming
Winds in the temperate region of the northern hemisphere blow
More weakly at night than by day
More strongly in the summer than in the winter
West to East
East to West
Which abiotic factor has the most limiting effect in lakes?
Wind
Temperature
Wind
Sunlight
Salivary glands release enzymes important to the digestion of
Pasta
Butter
Peanuts
Beef
Energy pyramids represent:
The recommended balance of foods in the human diet
The level of biomass storage at each trophic level
The rate of biomass production
The amount of digestible protein
Phytoplankton and rooted plants are most likely to be found:
As a result of artifical input of fertilizers
In marine systems that are subject to seasonal turnover
In the photic zone of freshwater biomes
In the absence of phosphorus
The benthic zone of a freshwater system
Is dominated by motile animals and passive drifters
Is dominated by detritovores
Represents a transitional zone between salty and fresh extremes
Is rich with algae eating insects such as mayfly larvae
Animals found in the slower, wider downstream portion of a stream with a high-mountain source are generally:
More dependent on taste and smell than organisms in the clear water upstream
Those that can burrow in mud
At the producer level of this ecosystem
More dependent on vision than those upstream
Which of the following is not considered a human impact on the environment?
Depletion of atmospheric ozone
Increased global warming since the industrial revolution
Loss of biodiversity
Natural levels of greenhouse gases
Seasonal mixing in freshwater biomes serves to:
Replenish dissolved oxygen in the benthic zone
Increase solute concentrations throughout the water column
Increase the amount of available light in the photic zone
Replenish dissolved nutrients in the benthic zone
The open ocean or pelagic zone…
Provides a rich food source of rooted plants
Is dependent on mixing with freshwater
Supports mainly detritivores
Supports mainly motile animals
The biggest abiotic reservoir for carbon is:
Fossil fuels
Soil
Plants
The atmosphere
Pregnancy is most likely to occur:
Near the end of the cycle (Days 21-28)
Only with female orgasm
At the beginning of the menstrual cycle (Days 1-7)
At the middle of menstrual cycle (Days 12-17)
The recommended food intake for most people includes:
No more than 50% carbohydrates
At least 12% fat
About 40% protein
About 60% grains
The Body Mass Index:
Establishes a guide for weight relative to height
Is measured in a doctor’s office by using calipers
ncludes a factor for athletic ability
Is a direct measure of your percentage of lean muscle to fat
What factor has the most significant contribution to the nutrient richness of a temperate deciduous forest?
Direct input of nutrients from rainfall
Decaying leaves
Wastes from grazing animals
The burning of grasses
Desert animals may demonstrate which adaptive strategy?
All of the above are possible
Physiological adaptation
Behavioral adaptation
Acclimation
According to lecture and our text, the most fertile soil is associated with
Tundra
Grasslands
Deciduous Forests
Deserts
Where would I find a Chaparral biome?
In mid-latitude coastal areas
Near the equator
At southern-most latitudes
At northern-most latitudes
Select the correct pair:
June solstice and the northern hemisphere tilting away from the sun
December solstice and the equator facing the sun directly
March equinox and the northern hemisphere tilting toward the sun
March equinox and equator facing the sun directly
What would you expect to be the effect on primary consumers if large numbers of secondary consumers disappeared?
Migration to a more stable ecosystem
A decrease due to loss of production
No change, the system would immediately rebalance
An increase due to loss of predators
