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ES Final Review 2: Frequencies, Waves, Astronomy

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A wave with a large wavelength will have a ______ frequency and _____ energy

a)

high, low

b)

high, high

c)

low, high

d)

low, low

2.
High frequency waves have _________ wavelength.
a)
varying
b)
high
c)
the same
d)
low
3.

The number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time is...

a)

frequency

b)

wave speed

c)

amplitude

d)

wavelength

4.
Which wave in the diagram has the greatest wavelength?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
5.
Which has the LONGEST wavelength and, therefore, the lowest frequency/energy
a)
Gamma Rays
b)
Radio Waves
c)
Visible Light
d)
Infrared rays
6.
Which has the SHORTEST wavelength and, therefore, the highest frequency/most energy
a)
Radio waves
b)
Ultraviolet Rays
c)
Gamma Rays
d)
X-rays
7.
Which section of the spectrum is the ONLY one we can see?
a)
X-rays
b)
Visible Light
c)
Gamma Rays
d)
Ultraviolet Rays
8.
As the frequency of an electromagnetic wave increases, the amount of energy in that wave...
a)
increases.
b)
decreases.
c)
stays the same.
9.
The blue section of the wave is measuring _________________.
a)
wavelength
b)
crest
c)
trough
d)
amplitude 
10.
Light behaves like both a particle and a ______.
a)
Mass
b)
Wave
c)
Current
11.

Which of the following has the most energy?

a)

X-rays

b)

The color green

c)

Microwaves

d)

ultraviolet

12.

Which of the following has the most energy?

a)

Red

b)

Blue

c)

Green

d)

Violet

13.

Which of the following has the shortest wavelength?

a)

microwaves

b)

UV rays

c)

Infrared

d)

the color blue

14.

Which of the following has the least amount of energy?

a)

UV rays

b)

The color yellow

c)

infrared

d)

Gamma rays

15.

Which of the following has the lowest energy?

a)

The color yellow

b)

The color blue

c)

The color indigo

d)

The color orange

16.

Which of the following has the lowest frequency?

a)

The color blue

b)

The color green

c)

The color yellow

d)

The color violet

17.

RED shift of light means the star is moving

a)

toward Earth

b)

away from Earth

c)

not moving

18.

BLUE shift of light means the star is moving

a)

toward Earth

b)

away from Earth

c)

not moving

19.

RED shift is proof that the universe is

a)

expanding (getting bigger)

b)

contracting (getting smaller)

20.

RED shifted light has a

a)

shorter wavelength

b)

longer wavelength

21.

BLUE shifted light has a

a)

shorter wavelength

b)

longer wavelength

22.

Ever since the universe began, the universe has been

a)

expanding

b)

contracting

c)

stays the same size

23.

Which of the following is proof for the Big Bang Theory?

a)

similar composition of Earth and the Moon

b)

stars appear to move in the night time sky

c)

cosmic background radiation

d)

Ms. Phelan's dog chasing his tail

24.
Galaxies that are redshifted are:
a)
actually blue.
b)
really far away.
c)
invisible.
d)
moving away from us.
25.

Cosmic Background Radiation is...

a)

the remaining energy from the big bang.

b)

incredibly hot.

c)

visible to the human eye.

d)

only located in certain places in the universe.

26.
The shifting of wavelengths due to the change in motion of objects is called the _______.
a)
Redshift
b)
Doppler Effect
c)
Blueshift
d)
Parallax
27.
_______________ mathematically shows the universe is expanding at a constant rate.
a)
Big Bang Theory
b)
Hubble's Law
c)
Cosmic Background Radiation
d)
Redshift
28.
The ___________ is used to read light as wavelengths.
a)
Parallax
b)
Electromagnetic spectrum
c)
Doppler Effect
d)
Redshift
29.
The ____________________ uses temperature and luminosity to classify stars.
a)
Electromagnetic spectrum
b)
Redshift
c)
CMB Radiation
d)
HR diagram
30.
What conclusion can be made by comparing the two spectrums in the image?
a)
Galaxy is blueshifted; star is moving towards Earth.
b)
Galaxy is blueshifted; star is moving away from Earth.
c)
Galaxy is redshifted: star is moving away from Earth.
d)
Galaxy is redshifted; star is moving towards Earth.
31.

What is a solar system?

a)

A collection of stars

b)

A collection of planets

c)

A collection of objects orbiting a star

d)

A collection of stars orbiting a black hole

32.

What is the Doppler Effect?

a)

The apparent change in wavelength and frequency of a wave given out from a moving object.

b)

The apparent change in speed of a wave given out from a moving object.

c)

The apparent change in wavelength or frequency of a wave given out from a moving object.

d)

When light from galaxies becomes red.

33.

What is redshift?

a)

The apparent change in colour of light when an object moves.

b)

The apparent change in frequency and wavelength from a light source as it moves towards us.

c)

The apparent change in frequency and wavelength of a wave from a light source as it moves.

d)

When an object appears more red.

34.
Which has more mass, Earth or the Moon?
a)
Earth
b)
Moon
c)
The same
35.
Which objects have a STRONG force of gravity?
a)
Objects with GREATER mass, like elephants
b)
Objects with LESS mass, like mice
36.

When will the forces of gravity between two objects be the GREATEST?

a)

when the masses of both objects are small and the objects are far apart

b)

when the masses of both objects are large and the objects are close together

c)

when the masses of both objects are small and the objects are close together

d)

when the masses of both objects are large and the objects are far apart

37.
Which model has greater gravitational attraction (if any)
a)
Model A
b)
Model B
c)
Both Model A and Model B (same gravity)
38.

Which of the following correctly places these in order from LARGEST to SMALLEST?

a)

galaxy -- local group/cluster -- planet -- solar system -- universe

b)

universe -- galaxy -- solar system -- planet

c)

planet -- solar system -- galaxy -- local group/cluster -- universe

d)

universe --- solar system -- local planet galaxy -

39.

Millions or Billions of stars, and or star systems is known as a......

a)

Universe

b)

Galaxy

c)

Solar System

d)

Planet

40.

What are the two simplest elements that were formed after the Big Bang?

a)

helium & carbon

b)

hydrogen & helium

c)

hydrogen & oxygen

d)

oxygen and carbon

41.

What are THREE pillars of evidence that supports the Big Bang theory?

a)

cosmic background radiation

b)

the spinning motion of pulsars

c)

The abundance of hydrogen, helium, and other light elements found in the Universe

d)

redshift of light from all galaxies (Hubble’s law of an expanding Universe)

42.

Which statement is true about our understanding of atoms of the past and today?

a)

We know nothing about the first atoms

b)

The first atoms were complex, and have since broken apart into hundreds of varieties

c)

The first atoms were complex, and have remained complex

d)

The first atoms were simple, and have since fused into more complex varieties

43.

You are driving in a car and honk the horn at a person standing in the street. As you approach the person, what happens to the pitch of the horn according to you in the car?

a)

It increases

b)

It decreases

c)

It stays the same because you are in the car moving with the sound.

44.

Light can change color due to the Doppler Effect.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

You are standing on the side of the road when a police car races past you with its siren on. After the police car passes you, what happens to the pitch of the siren?

a)

It increases

b)

It decreases

c)

It turns red

46.

Look at the picture. Who is experiencing a higher pitched sound?

a)

Observer A

b)

Observer B

c)

There's no difference

47.
The Law of Conservation of Matter states:
a)
Matter can be created or destroyed but not transformed 
b)
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, it can only transformed
c)
Matter can't be created, destroyed or transformed
48.

Which group of planets are only made of gases and liquids and have no solid surface?

a)

Uranus, Neptune, Saturn

b)

Earth, Mercury, Mars

c)

Neptune, Venus, Jupiter

d)

Mercury, Uranus, Earth

49.

Which best describes the inner and outer planets?

a)

the inner planets are gaseous and much closer together than the outer planets

b)

the inner planets are much smaller and more spread out than the outer planets

c)

the outer planets are terrestrial and much further apart than the inner planets

d)

the outer planets are much larger and more spread out than the inner planets

50.

What are the most abundant elements in a star?

a)

Helium and Oxygen

b)

Oxygen and Carbon

c)

Hydrogen and Helium

d)

Helium and Carbon

51.

In the diagram given, what happens as we move to the left?

a)

Stars get larger

b)

Stars get colder

c)

Stars get hotter

d)

Stars get sillier

52.

Which category is our Sun located in?

a)

White Dwarfs

b)

Supergiants

c)

Main Sequence

d)

Giants

53.

The category that contains the most stars is...

a)

Main Sequence

b)

Supergiants

c)

Giants

d)

White Dwarf

54.

True or False: Red Giants are considered hotter than White Dwarfs.

a)

True

b)

False

55.
Which star has the lowest temperature?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
56.

Which spectral class does our star, the sun, belong to?

a)

M

b)

K

c)

G

d)

B

57.

Which property of stars is found on the x-axis of an H-R diagram?

a)

Luminosity

(or absolute brightness)

b)

Temperature

c)

Star Size

d)

Distance

58.

What determines the color of a star?

a)

Its size

b)

Its temperature

c)

Its composition

d)

They are all the same color

59.
A planet outside of our solar system that orbits a star is officially called ___
a)
an alien planet
b)
an exoplanet
c)
a martian planet
d)
a distant planet
60.
As the host star of the exoplanet makes its little circle, its light will undergo a ___
a)
polarization shift
b)
reflexive shift
c)
Mach shift
d)
Doppler shift
61.
When a planet passes directly in front of its star, the event is called ___
a)
a transit
b)
en passant
c)
a transition
d)
a permutation
62.
The beauty of transiting exoplanets is that the amount of starlight blocked tells you ___
a)
how far away the planet is
b)
how big the planet is
c)
the density of the planet
d)
the mass of the planet
63.
A gas giant like Jupiter has a relatively ___
a)
low mass
b)
high mass
c)
low density
d)
high density
64.
What is the minimum condition when stating that there are "10 billion Earth-like planets in our galaxy"?
a)
temperatures where liquid water could exist 
b)
a similar atmosphere to Earth
c)
a strong magnetic field
d)
liquid water exists on their surface
65.
Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)
a)
circle
b)
ellipse
c)
focus
d)
perihelion
66.
An ellipse is drawn around two points called
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
c)
foci
d)
axis
67.
The place where a planet is closest to the Sun as it orbits the Sun is called the
a)
perihelion
b)
aphelion
68.
The place where a planet is farthest away from the Sun in its orbit around the Sun is called the
a)
aphelion
b)
perihelion
69.
Where is the planet moving faster
a)
Position A to B
b)
Position B to C
c)
Position H to I
d)
Position I to J
70.
What has an eccentricity of zero
a)
a straight line
b)
a large ellipse
c)
a circle
d)
a small ellipse
71.
Kepler's 2nd Law deals with 
a)
the shape of the planets' orbits
b)
the speed/area the planet travels 
c)
the length of time it takes the planet to orbit the sun
72.
A planet moves __________ when it is farthest from the sun.
a)
faster
b)
slower
73.
The path a planet travels around the sun is called its 
a)
orbit
b)
ellipse
c)
barycenter
d)
precession
74.
Which diagram shows a planet with the least eccentric orbit?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
75.
What is the maximum eccentricity an ellipse can be?
a)
0
b)
.5
c)
1
d)
42
76.
What is eccentricity? 
a)
a measurement of how elliptical an orbit is. 
b)
a measurement of the distance between the planet and the sun
c)
a measurement of how long the planet takes to rotate around the sun
d)
none of these
77.
When a planet orbits the Sun, one of the foci of the elliptical orbit is 
a)
the axis
b)
the perihelion
c)
the center
d)
the Sun

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