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Forensic Anthropology Review

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Death stiffness is roughly defined as:

a)

cause of death

b)

rigor mortis

c)

manner of death

d)

liver mortis

2.

Which statement about decomposition is true?

a)

an overweight person will decompose faster than a thin person

b)

a buried body will decompose faster than an unburied body

c)

decomposition will happen slower if the body is submerged in water

d)

temperature does not affect the rate of decomposition

3.
Livor, rigor, and algor mortis occur during this stage of decomposition. Autolysis begins. Blisters may appear at the surface of the skin.
a)
Active Decay
b)
Advanced Decay
c)
Bloat
d)
Fresh
4.
Match description with the correct stage of decomposition:
odor and insect activity decrease
a)
fresh
b)
bloat
c)
active decay
d)
advanced decay
5.
The body temperature of a corpse will decline until:
a)
0 oC is reached
b)
The body begins to decay
c)
The sun goes down
d)
The body reaches ambient temperature
6.

Who was the first to establish a body farm to study decomposition?

a)

Francis Galton

b)

Bill Bass

c)

J. Edgar Hoover

d)

Alec Jeffreys

7.
The arm and leg bones can be used to determine forensic height
a)
true
b)
false
8.
The pelvis of a female is _____ as compared to a male.
a)
wide and circular
b)
wide and heart-shaped
c)
narrow and circular
d)
narrow and heart-shaped
9.
You notice a skull that has a rough and bumpy surface.  What sex this this characteristic typically associated with?
a)
Male
b)
Female
10.
a)
vertebrae
b)
tibia
c)
pelvis
d)
femur
11.
Why does an infants skeleton contain a higher number of bones?
a)
They are born with many bones that have not fused completely
b)
They are mutant ninja bebes
c)
They are born with bones that eventually turn into cartilage
d)
all of the above
12.
The subpubic angle is 104 degrees. The body is most likely a
a)
male
b)
female
13.
The stage of fusion of various bones within a skeleton can be used to estimate the ___________ of the decedent. 
a)
age
b)
race
c)
gender
d)
height
14.
A skull is found with rounded eye orbits, a thin brow ridge, and no occipital protuberance.  What is the sex of this skull?
a)
Male
b)
Female
15.
a)
Humerus
b)
Ulna
c)
Radius
d)
Clavicle
16.
This is the smaller bone behind the Tibia
a)
Tibia
b)
Femur
c)
Fibula
d)
Pelvis
17.
The pelvis in the picture is most likely
a)
male
b)
female
18.
Which is the most reliable bone to determine the sex of a skeleton? 
a)
Femur
b)
Skull
c)
Pelvic bone
d)
Collarbone
19.
One of the  ways to determine the race using bones is by examining the :
a)
the pelvis
b)
the leg bones
c)
skull
d)
the occipital bump
20.

Name these bones colored yellow.

a)

humerus

b)

ulna

c)

radius

d)

tibia

21.

What CANNOT be determined by examining bones?

a)

age

b)

race

c)

weight

d)

gender

22.

Round eye orbits, subpubic angle of 103 degrees, rectangular-shaped pubis, smooth skull.

a)

male

b)

female

23.

Pelvis narrow, protuberance on occipital bone, sloping forehead.

a)

male

b)

female

24.

The skull was found to be smooth with small brow ridges; would you expect to find a subpubic angle larger or smaller than 90 degrees?

a)

larger than 90 degrees

b)

smaller than 90 degrees

25.
When trying to find the age of an individual, anthropologists will give an exact age of the deceased
a)
true
b)
false
26.
Odontology is the study of 
a)
teeth 
b)
bones
c)
death
d)
race
27.
Using the photos on the screen, which Pelvis belongs to a male?
a)
1
b)
2
28.

What bone is highlighted?

a)

Femur

b)

Tibia

c)

Fibula

d)

Humerus

29.
Suture Lines on the __________ are helpful in determining the __________ of a victim
a)
skull , age
b)

pelvis, sex

c)
jaw , race
30.

____________ marks the place where cartilage has become bone.

a)

diaphysis

b)

epiphyses

c)

periosteum

d)

endosteum

31.

This skull, with a wide nasal opening and square eye sockets, can be mostly likely classified as:

a)

Mongoloid

b)

Negroid

c)

Middle Eastern

d)

Caucasian

32.

Which of the following are factors that can affect rigor mortis?

a)

temperature

b)

activity before death

c)

body weight

d)

all of these

33.

A body is found that shows no signs of rigor mortis. The body has been dead for ....

a)

less than 2 hours or more than 24 hours

b)

less than 2 hours or more than 36 hours

c)

less than 24 hours or more than 48 hours

d)

more than 36 hours

34.

A body is found with blistering skin that is slipping off of the muscle underneath. There is a strong odor and maggots are seen covering the body. Which stage of decomposition is this body in?

a)

bloating (putrefaction)

b)

advanced decay

c)

active decay (black putrefaction)

d)

fresh (initial)

35.
The cooling of body temperature after death is:
a)
algor mortis
b)
livor mortis
c)
rigor mortis
d)
pallor mortis
36.
The discoloration of a dead body caused by blood cells leaking hemoglobin is:
a)
putrefaction
b)
lividity
c)
autolysis
d)
sepsis
37.
Discoloration of skin from pooling of blood becomes permanent after how many hours?
a)
2 hours
b)
8 hours
c)
16 hours
d)
32 hours
38.
Rigor mortis means
a)
Death stiffness
b)
Death color
c)
Death bloat
d)
Death heat
39.
the specific body failure that leads to a person's death
a)
mechanism of death
b)
decomposition
c)
manner of death
d)
cause of death
40.
the stiffening of the skeletal muscles shortly after death
a)
livor mortis
b)
autolysis
c)
rigor mortis
d)
algor mortis
41.
the immediate reason for a person's death
a)
death
b)
mechanism of death
c)
cause of death 
d)
manner of death
42.
rigor mortis peaks how many hours after death?
a)
36
b)
18
c)
8
d)
12
43.

An old woman dies peacefully in her sleep. There is no sign of foul play. What is her manner of death?

a)

accidental

b)

homicidal

c)

natural

d)

undetermined

44.
Is the time of death more than 12 hours, less than 12 hours, or cannot be determined? Body has lost 7.9 degrees C.
a)
Less
b)
More
c)
Cannot be determined
45.
Determine the approximate time of death using evidence from algor mortis. Approximately how long has the vicitim been dead if his body temperature was 91.6 degrees Fahrenheit?
a)

4

b)
5
c)
6
d)
3
46.

When does livor mortis begin?

a)

10 hours

b)

14 hours

c)

48 hours

d)

2 hours

47.

True or False. The permanent discoloration of the corpse tell us what position the person was lying in when they died. It also tells us if something was blocking the flow of blood, like a belt or a watch.

a)

true

b)

false

48.

This occurs 2-4 hours after death, where the blood pools due to gravity. The area affected is a bluish-red color.

a)

rigor mortis

b)

algor mortis

c)

livor mortis

49.
The cooling of body temperature after death is:
a)
algor mortis
b)
livor mortis
c)
rigor mortis
d)
pallor mortis
50.

The process that causes the muscles in the body to stiffen resulting in rigidity after death is called

a)

algor mortis

b)

rigor mortis

c)

livor mortis

51.

Maximum rigor mortis occurs

a)

between 2-4 hours

b)

2-6 hours after death

c)

12 hours after death

d)

48 hours after death

52.

Rigor mortis starts at the feet and moves up the body.

a)

True

b)

False

53.

Under normal circumstances, approximately how many degrees will a body cool during the first 12 hours?

a)

0 degrees

b)

2.5 degrees

c)

1.4 degrees

d)

5 degrees

54.

A body is found with a blue-purple coloring across the back and the back of the legs. What does this indicate?

a)

the victim died laying on their stomach

b)

the victim died laying on their back

c)

the victim was exercising prior to death

d)

the victim died in a cold environment

55.

A body is found sitting upright in a chair, however the front of the body (chest, stomach, and thighs) are colored blue-purple. What does this indicate?

a)

the victim died sitting in the chair

b)

the victim died laying on their back

c)

the victim was moved after death

d)

the victim died from unusual circumstances

56.

Exercising prior to death causes rigor mortis to occur

a)

faster

b)

slower

57.

A cold environment causes algor mortis to occur

a)

faster

b)

slower

58.

The victim’s body is not rigid and is warm. How long has she been dead?

a)

0-2 hours

b)

2-6 hours

c)

15-36 hours

d)

36-48 hours

59.

If a person was found in the snow have they been dead for longer or a shorter amount of time then calculated

a)

Longer than

b)

Shorter than

60.

A forensic investigator may be able to use _________ ________ to determine if a body was moved after death

a)

Rigor mortis

b)

Livor mortis

c)

Algor mortis

d)

Hyper mortis

61.

This stage of death is notable for strong odor and occurs 1-4 days after death

a)

Fresh

b)

Bloat / Putrification

c)

Active Decay

d)

Dry

62.

Which graph below most accurately depicts algor mortis?

a)
b)
c)
d)
63.

Which of the following would SPEED UP algor mortis?

a)

Warm temperatures

b)

Body in the water

c)

Body wrapped in a blanket

d)

Body with extra body fat

64.

An elderly man is found dead in his car with the windows down. He has been missing for 2 days. The average temperature has been 36 degrees F. How would these factors affect lividity, rigor mortis, and algor mortis rates?

a)

lividity - decreases

rigor - decreases

algor - increases

b)

lividity - decreases

rigor - increases

algor - unaffected

c)

lividity - decreases

rigor - unaffected

algor - increases

d)

lividity - increases

rigor - increases

algor - increases

65.
the specific body failure that leads to a person's death
a)
mechanism of death
b)
decomposition
c)
manner of death
d)
cause of death
66.

What is the time range for rigor to set in and to leave again?

a)

2-36

b)

12-24

c)

2-12

d)

12-36

67.

If someone died in a room that was 50F, would their body cool faster than someone who died in a room that was 80F?

a)

No, the lower the ambient temperatures the slower the body cools.

b)

Yes, the lower the ambient temperatures the faster the body cools

c)

The body would cool at the same rate because the temp is similar

d)

Ambient temperatures do not affect how fast someone's body cools.

68.

The Body Farm is a research facility located at the University of:

a)

Michigan

b)

Mississippi

c)

Tennessee

d)

Washington

69.

Which of the following would SLOW DOWN algor mortis?

a)

Cold temperatures

b)

Wind

c)

Low Body Fat

d)

Being buried in the soil

70.

If the body is thin or small heat loss is ________

a)

Acclerated

b)

Slowed

c)

Stays the same average rate

71.

An old woman dies peacefully in her sleep. There is no sign of foul play. What is her manner of death?

a)

accidental

b)

homicidal

c)

natural

d)

undetermined

72.

Approximately how long has the vicitim been dead if his body temperature was 85.2 degrees Fahrenheit?

a)

about 12 hours

b)

about 15 hours

c)

about 6 hours

d)

about 9 hours

73.

Approximately how long ago did death occur if the body temperature was 75 degrees Fahrenheit?

a)

about 6 hours

b)

about 20 hours

c)

about 24 hours

d)

about 10 hours

74.

An individual dies at 8:30am and is found at 3:30pm. What is the temperature of the body?

a)

92.4

b)

88.2

c)

7

d)

9.8

75.

An individual is found deceased in their home. Toxicology reports showed high levels of alcohol in their system. What is the cause of death?

a)

organ failure

b)

accidental

c)

alcohol poisoning

d)

natural