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Chemical Basis of Life

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 3hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

It is used in building the proteins which the cell needs.

a)

DNA

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Guanine

d)

RNA

2.

catabolism is breaking chemical bonds between atoms for building more complex substances.

a)

True

b)

False

3.

....... Works as hormones

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

amino acids

c)

lipids

d)

vitamins

4.

choose all that are right :

  • Disaccharides
a)

Maltose

b)

Glucose

c)

Fructose

d)

Sucrose

e)

Ribose

5.

Its structure is similar of fat molecules with replacing the 3rd fatty acid in fats by a phosphate and choline groups.

a)

Oils and fats

b)

Cholesterol

c)

Phospholipids

d)

hormones

6.
Which of the following describes the role that enzymes play in the process of metabolism?
a)
Enzymes provide the chemical energy that is broken down and released during metabolism.
b)
Enzymes increase the rate of the chemical reactions carried out during metabolism.
c)
Enzymes store the chemical energy that is used to construct nucleic acids during metabolism.
d)
Enzymes carry the genetic instructions required for a cell to initiate metabolism.
7.
The molecule pictured is a __________ .
a)
amino acid
b)
nucleic acid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
lipid
8.
All living organisms contain carbon atoms.  Which of the following is an important characteristic of carbon?
a)
Carbon atoms can bond with many other kinds of atoms to form very stable molecules.
b)
Carbon atoms can bond with any other atom, but they cannot form bonds with other carbon atoms.
c)
Carbon atoms are very stable and do not easily form bonds with other atoms.
d)
Carbon atoms are highly reactive and form unstable bonds with any available atom.
9.
Nucleic acids are one of the four major macromolecules.  The main functions of nucleic acids are to
a)
store and transport energy and structural components in the cell.
b)
act as enzymes, cell signals, and structural support for the cell.
c)
carry genetic material and create structures inside the cell.
d)
aid in development, the immune system, and blood clotting.
10.
Protein molecules are composed of long chains of __________ .
a)
ribosomes
b)
RNA
c)
amino acids
d)
DNA
11.
Organic macromolecules called __________ are insoluble in water, are often found in biological membranes and other waterproof coverings, and have the ability to store energy for extended periods of time.
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
proteins
d)
nucleic acids
12.
Water molecules are ____________ due to _________ bonding. This property helps water molecules to stick to each other and allows for the movement of water from plant roots up to plant leaves.
a)
cohesive; ionic
b)
cohesive; hydrogen
c)
adhesive; hydrogen
d)
adhesive; covalent
13.
Examine the diagram of the enzyme:
How does the structure of this enzyme help with its function?
a)
The enzyme's shape complements the substrate's shape, so it only catalyzes specific reactions.
b)
The enzyme's active site is amorphous and can change its shape to fit any substrate.
c)
Since the enzyme's shape matches the substrate's shape, it catalyzes only reverse reactions.
d)
Since the enzyme is larger than the substrate, catalytic reactions can occur within the enzyme itself.
14.
The attraction between hydrogen and oxygen atoms in different water molecules is known as a(n)
a)
ionic bond.
b)
hydrogen bond.
c)
covalent bond.
d)
dispersion force.
15.
The human body contains approximately 70% water by weight.  Water is found inside and outside of cells, and it is able to carry nutrients into and around cells in addition to carrying wastes away from cells.  Why is water able to do this?
a)
Water is a nonpolar covalent compound.
b)
Water is able to dissolve many substances.
c)
Water is an ionic solution.
d)
Water is very acidic.
16.
___________ are some functions of lipids.
a)
storing energy and  cell membrane structure
b)
providing actin & providing myosin
c)
cellulose structure and digestive assistance
d)
storing & transferring genetic info
17.
These organic molecules are used by the body to store and release energy.
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
18.
Examples of nucleic acids?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
carbohydrates
c)
potatoes
d)
meats
19.
A(n) __________  is the part of the enzyme the substrate fits into.
a)
product
b)
active site
c)
enzyme
d)
substrate
20.
Amino acids are the monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins 
d)
Nucleic Acids
21.
Made of monomers of monosaccharides
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
22.
Made of monomers of nucleotides
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
23.
Waterproofs, insulates, and stores energy long-term
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
24.
Made of glycerol and fatty acids
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
25.
Enzymes are considered to be 
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
26.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
27.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
28.
Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true?
a)
enzymes are reusable
b)
enzymes work best at specific pH and temperatures
c)
enzymes are lipids
d)
enzymes are proteins
29.
These are called the "quick energy" foods
a)
carbohydrates/sugars
b)
protein
c)
fats/lipids
d)
nucleic acids
30.
Which is not a use or function of protein?
a)
forms enzymes and hormones
b)
forms transport channel in cell membrane
c)
forms structural proteins in the body
d)
quick energy
31.
__________ are nucleic acid functions
a)
store & transfer genetic info
b)
store & create energy
c)
structure & energy for cells
d)
membrane structure and nutrient transfer
32.
What type of carbohydrate is this?
a)
polysaccharide
b)
disaccharide
c)
monosaccharide
d)
it isn't a carbohydrate
33.

Negatively charged particles found outside of the nucleus of an atom are called ______.

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

electrons

34.

Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom

a)

Neutron

b)

Proton

c)

Electron

35.

A neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom

a)

neutron

b)

proton

c)

electron

36.
Weight is the amount of matter in an object
a)

True

b)

False

37.

The smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same element is a(n)

a)

proton

b)

neutron

c)

electron

d)

atom

38.

Which TWO of the following subatomic particles are inside the nucleus?

a)

protons

b)

electrons

c)

neutrons

d)

There are no subatomic particles in the nucleus of an atom.

39.
What do we call a chemical substance made up of 2 or more different types atoms bonded together?
a)
formula
b)
atom
c)
subscript
d)
compound
40.
A recipe for a chemical substance is called a ________ _________.
a)
coefficent
b)
chemical formula
c)
Oxygen
d)
atom
41.

The substance made during a chemical reaction is

a)

Reactant

b)

Residue

c)

Pure element

d)

Product

42.

A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being used up during the reaction is called a

a)

catalyst

b)

product

c)

reactant

d)

solute

43.

What is the name given to a catalyst in the human body?

a)

Biology

b)

Catalyst

c)

Chemical

d)

Enzyme

44.

A substance that is 3 on the pH scale would be a(n):

a)

acid

b)

base

c)

neutral

d)

solute

45.
Bases are located where on the pH scale?
a)
any number can be a base
b)
below 7
c)
above 7
d)
number 7 is a base
46.
In covalent bonds, electrons are ___________.
a)
transferred
b)
gained
c)
lost
d)
shared
47.

The bond between Hand F is ionic. That means

a)

there is a pair of electrons shared equally between them

b)

there is a pair of electrons shared unequally between them

c)

an electron will be stolen from one and given to the other

48.
Water can dissolve more substances than any other liquid, including sulfuric acid.
a)
true
b)
false
49.
What kinds of bonds hold different water molecules together? 
a)
covalent
b)
ionic
c)
hydrogen
d)
metallic
50.
How does water act in most solutions?
a)
It is the universal solute, dissolving polar substances. 
b)
It is the universal solvent, dissolving polar substances. 
c)
It is the universal solute, dissolving non-polar substances. 
d)
It is the universal solvent, dissolving non-polar substances. 
51.
A single water molecule is made up of ... 
a)
2 oxygen atoms and 2 hydrogen atoms
b)
2 oxygen atoms and 1 hydrogen atom
c)
1 oxygen atom and 1 hydrogen atom
d)
1 oxygen atom and 2 hydrogen atoms
52.
On average, a human's body weight is made up of what percentage of water?
a)
3
b)
25
c)
68
d)
99
53.

Which type of reaction is:

2 NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4

a)
Synthesis
b)
Decomposition
c)
Single Displacement
d)
Double Displacement
54.

What is the part of the chemical equation in green called?

Fe + S → FeS

a)

products

b)

reactants

c)

yield

d)

input

55.

What type of reaction is this H2SO3 → H2O + SO2?

a)

Single replacement

b)

Double replacement

c)

Synthesis

d)

Decomposistion

56.

The starting substances of a reaction are called what?

a)

products

b)

reactants

c)

change

d)

states of matter

57.

The substances that are produced in a chemical reaction are called what?

a)

reactants

b)

accelerant

c)

product

d)

reaction

58.

What does pH stand for?

a)

purple hair

b)

potential Hydrogen

c)

perfect Hydrogen

d)

phosphorous Hydrogen

59.

The pH scale is used to know what?

a)

Your temperature

b)

Know one knows

c)

The colors of acids and bases

d)

The strength of acids and bases

60.

Acids have a pH of _______________.

a)

below 7

b)

above 7

c)

exactly 7

61.

What ions are there more of in acidic solutions?

a)

H+ (H3O+)

b)

OH-

62.

What ions are there more of in basic solutions?

a)

H+ (H3O+)

b)

OH-

63.

Which one of these substances will have a NEUTRAL pH?

a)

Lemon juice

b)

Coffee

c)

Bleach

d)

Water

64.

Is the following substance an acid or a base? Ca(OH)2

a)

Acid

b)

Base

65.

Is the following substance an acid or a base? HCl

a)

Acid

b)

Base

66.

Is the following substance an acid or a base? H2(SO4)

a)

Acid

b)

Base

67.

Is the following substance an acid or a base? KOH

a)

Acid

b)

Base

68.

What are the 4 most abundant elements found in organisms?

a)

carbon, helium, oxygen, silicon

b)

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, silicon

c)

calcium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

d)

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

69.

True or false? An element is the smallest unit of an atom.

a)

True

b)

False

70.

Which of the below is a compound?

a)

carbon

b)

H2O

c)

O2

d)

iron

71.

This is an atom or a group of atoms that have a positive or negative charge.

a)

ion

b)

compound

c)

element

d)

non-polar

72.

Why are ions important in your body?

a)

they help with muscle contraction

b)

they keep you from sweating too much

c)

they determine your hair colour

d)

they are poisonous and you must not consume them

73.

Which of the following is hydrophilic?

a)

salt

b)

wax

c)

olive oil

74.

Which of the following is hydrophobic?

a)

glucose

b)

table salt

c)

vegetable oil

75.

True or false? Everything will dissolve in water.

a)

True

b)

False

76.

Water molecules are

a)

polar

b)

non-polar

77.

Which of the following is acidic?

a)

blood plasma, pH 7

b)

stomach fluid, pH 2

c)

window cleaner, pH 12

d)

seawater, pH 8

78.

What makes a chemical reaction?

a)

matter is conserved

b)

breaking and forming of chemical bonds

c)

when products form reactants

d)

when you do a lab

79.
The 4 macromolecules are
a)
vitamins, lipids, water, micronutrients
b)
micronutrients, macronutrients, water, vitamins
c)
Lipids, Waxes, Vitamin A, Water
d)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
80.
Which biomolecule functions include enzymes­ which speeds the rate of chemical reactions, structural components in cells, mechanical functions in muscles and cytoskeleton, cell signaling, and immune response; provides structure and helps with chemical reactions 
a)
Protein
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Nucleic Acid

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