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WorksheetsScience Final Review 2022
Total questions: 175
Worksheet time: 2hrs 40mins
The point of the Earth's surface directly above where the earthquake originated is known as?
epicenter
danger zone
Ground Zero
focus
What are the three types of plate boundaries called?
transform, divergent, convergent
slide, pull away, push together
apart, together, slide
A divergent boundary at two oceanic plates can result in (a) _________
earthquake
ocean ridges (seafloor spreading)
mountain formation
What forms when one oceanic plate is forced beneath another plate?
subduction zone
ocean ridge
ocean basin
The geological theory of ________ states that pieces of the Earth's lithosphere( the rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle) are in constant slow motion
subduction
continental drift
plate tectonics
sea floor spreading
What are the two types of crust?
continental and oceanic
lower and upper
ocean and upper
pizza and subway
What is Pangaea?
The name of a German scientist
Another name for 'Continental Drift"
The name of the super continent that existed millions of years ago
The name of an ancient fossil
__________________ are vibrations that travel through the Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake
seismic waves
plate tectonics
rumbles
convection currents
Mountains are created when ......
Two Continental Plates collide
An Oceanic Plate subducts under a Continental Plate
Two Oceanic Plates pull apart
Two Continental Plates pull apart
What are the two continents that fit together based on Alfred Wegener's theory?
South America and Africa
Asia and Russia
Africa and Asia
India and Asia
What is a dormant volcano?
molten rock
the center of a volcano
will never erupt again
a volcano that is sleeping, but could erupt agian
An opening on the Earth's crust through which hot molten rock flows out from deep inside the Earth.
Volcano
Fault line
Fold
Crater
Rank the volcanic stages from LEAST likely to MOST likely to erupt.
active, dormant, extinct
extinct, dormant, active
dormant, extinct, active
dormant, active, extinct
Which of the following is NOT a cause of an earthquake?
Collapse of Cavern
Eruption of Volcano
Lightning Strikes
Moving Tectonic Plates
The focus of an earthquake is
The point (below Earth's surface) where rock breaks
The closest seismic station
The place where the greatest damage occurs
A fault
Earthquakes happen every day. Most are too small for humans to notice.
True
False
Forms in the middle of a oceanic plate, can cause islands to form
Hot Spot
Quiet Eruption
Volcano
Viscosity
June, July, and August are what season in the Northern Hemisphere?
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
December, January, and February are what season in the Northern Hemisphere?
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
September, October, and November are what season in the Northern Hemisphere?
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
March, April, and May are what season in the Northern Hemisphere?
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
The spinning of the earth on its axis is called
Revolution
Orbit
Rotation
Tilt
The yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun is called the
rotation
ellipse
revolution
tilt
Summer occurs on the hemisphere of Earth that is
turned away from the Sun
tilted toward the Sun
tilted away from the Sun
turned toward the Sun
When would the Northern Hemisphere have the most daylight hours?
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
The line on which an object rotates is defined as
revolution axis
rotation axis
tilt axis
spin axis
Not only is the summer solstice the longest day of the year, it is also the day on which
the Sun is lowest in the sky
sunset comes earliest
the Sun appears to be highest in the sky
sunrise comes latest
How do we characterize an air mass that forms over the ocean?
dry
cold
wet
warm
What's the humidity and temperature of a continental tropical air mass?
wet and cold
dry and warm
wet and warm
dry and cold
Which type of front is displayed?
cold
stationary
warm
occluded
Which type of front is displayed?
cold
stationary
warm
occluded
When two different air masses collide...
a front forms
a new planet eveolves
they usually become one
dinosaurs became extinct
When a cold front is approaching, what happens?
warm air is pushing under cold air causing humid weather and lower temperatures
warm air is pushing under cold air causing humid weather and higher temperatures
warm air rises, cools, and causes rain and thunderstorms
cold air is pushed over warm air causing rain and thunderstorms
What direction is the cold front moving on the map?
Southwest
Southeast
Northwest
Northeast
What direction is the warm front moving on the map?
North
South
East
West
One of the factors that are used to help predict weather includes measuring the amount of water vapor in the air. What does this describe?
wind speed
air pressure
temperature
humidity
What type of precipitation is formed when water falls from the clouds and lands on the ground as liquid water?
hail
rain
sleet
snow
What is precipitation?
solids falling from the sky
precipitation
any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches earth's surface
liquids falling from the sky
What is wind?
The movement of water due to pressure differences
The movement of air due to pressure differences
The movement of air due to pollution differences
The movement of water deep in the ocean
Cold air is _______ dense than warm air.
more
less
the same as
Warm air ______ and cold air _____.
sinks, rises
rises, sinks
Winds that blow steadily from specific directions over long distances are called
Sea breezes
Jet Streams
Land Breezes
Global Winds
Air masses are named by these 2 factors
temperature
density
speed
moisture
Which of these is an example of precipitation?
snow
clouds
air
vapor
Which best explains why runoff is important?
it returns water to other locations on Earth
it increases the chance of flooding
it makes evaporation occur faster
it increases condensation
What is it called when water is changed from a liquid to a gas?
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
runoff
What does groundwater do?
It sends water to our building, houses, and water transplant places
to the sky
to the sun
to the Earth's surface
During which stage do clouds form?
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
runoff
The _______ is the driving force of the Earth's water cycle.
sun
moon
stars
core
The amount of water on Earth
increases when it rains
always remains the same
decreases when it evaporates
Air masses that influence weather generally have
same precipitation, humidity, and dew point
different temperature, pressure, and humidity
same temperature, pressure and humidity
Climate refers to
weather in a region over a long period of time
conditions of the atmosphere at a particular place and time
Why do regions near the equator have warmer climates?
Those areas receive no rays of sun
Those areas receive indirect rays of sun
Those areas receive direct rays of sun
The condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place is called
convection
climate
weather
radiation
Air masses are classified according to temperature and humidity. What name would be given to a cool, moist air mass?
maritime polar
maritime tropical
continental polar
continental tropical
Air masses are classified according to temperature and humidity. What name would be given to a warm, dry air mass?
maritime polar
maritime tropical
continental polar
continental tropical
A natural resource is...
something from space
something from Earth that living things need to meet their needs
a resource only humans need
something only found in nature
The cutting of large areas of forests for human activities is called what?
reforestation
afforestation
deforestation
forest
Urbanization is...
the development of land for houses and other buildings near a city
a city
flatland
the growth in animal habitats
The contamination of the environment with substances that are harmful to life is called what?
Chemicals
Trash
Landfills
Pollution
The careful use of Earth's materials to reduce damage to the environment is called what?
Reduce
Conservation
Cautious
Reuse
Using an item for a new purpose is called what?
reusing
reducing
recycling
conservation
Using fewer resources is called what?
reusing
reducing
recycling
conserving
Making a new product from a used product is called what?
reusing
reducing
recycling
conserving
Reforestation ...
involves planting trees to replace ones that have been removed
involves cutting down trees in a select area
involves monitoring the trees in an area
involves control over trees in an endangered animal's habitat
Reclamation is ...
the process of getting rid of pollution in an area
the process of replanting trees
the process of restoring land disturbed by mining
the process of changing an areas vegetation
Choose all that apply. What do we use land for?
Agriculture
Urbanization
Resources
Breathing
What is compost?
recycled plastic and aluminum
a mixture of decaying organic matter
dirt
material found in the ground
What are some EFFECTS of urbanization? Choose all that apply.
flooding
development of buildings
growth in population
disappearance of land
What are some positive actions of human activity? Choose all that apply.
reducing, reusing, recycling, and composting
creation of green spaces
pollute the land
reforestation and reclamation
How does pollution from human activities effect the land, specifically soil and water sources?
it keeps the Earth safe and not changing
runoff that contains chemicals can destroy plants and animals
keeps the land clear
produces more biodiversity in an area
_____________________ is the movement of soil and rock by wind, water, ice, and gravity.
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
______________________ occurs when eroded materials stop moving and begin to build up.
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
_______________ moves material from one place to another.
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
_____________________ changes the identity of rocks and it involves a chemical reaction or change.
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
Deposition
This is an example of _____________________________.
physical weathering
chemical weathering
Which process describes water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart?
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Which process describes a mudslide flowing down a steep hill?
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Which process describes wind blasting sand at rock and carving out arches?
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
What is it called when layers pile up and press down on the material below?
Compaction
Layering
Cementation
Concentration
Metamorphic rocks are classified by the arrangement of their __.
sediments
clasts
grains
minerals
A mineral always contains certain elements in definite proportions. This is referring to its
streak
definite chemical composition
luster
inorganic
The repeating pattern of a mineral's particles in a solid is known as
crystal structure
streak
fracture
luster
The property of a mineral splitting evenly along a flat surface is
luster
streak
cleavage
fracture
The color of a mineral's powder left behind after it is scratched on a piece of unglazed tile is its
color
cleavage
luster
streak
Because a mineral has a definite volume and shape, it is known as a
solid
liquid
gas
luster
What term means that a mineral CANNOT form from materials that were once part of a living thing?
solid
naturally occuring
inorganic
luster
How does a streak test help identify different minerals?
minerals that leave a clear streak are usually gold
if a mineral scratches a piece of tile, it is harder than the tile
the streak left behind by a mineral helps classify the luster
sometimes the streak can be a different color than the mineral's surface color
Earthy, shiny, waxy, metallic, and pearly are terms used to describe a mineral's luster. What might a scientist observe about a mineral that would help the scientist classify the luster as metallic?
the mineral does not get scratched by any minerals and it is high on the hardness scale
the mineral is very shiny and reflects a lot of light
the mineral is very dull and does not reflect much light
the mineral is transparent and looks like glass
A substance that is formed by processes that occur in the natural world is
solid
definite chemical composition
fracture
naturally occuring
How a mineral breaks apart when it does NOT split evenly is known as
cleavage
fracture
luster
solid
How a mineral reflects light from its surface is known as
streak
element
fracture
luster
This rock started as molten magma but transformed after a volcano erupted. What type of rock is this?
Sedimentary
Igneous
Metamorphic
What do we call the material that comes from rocks that have been broken down into smaller pieces. This usually results from weathering.
texture
weathering
sediment
erosion
Name of the impression of a plant or animal, in the soil, that existed in the past
diamond
hardness
fossil
Geologists can find ______ in old rocks.
fossils
toys
sofas
people
The theory of continental drift states that all the continents were once part of one big landmass called Pangaea. Who was the scientist that came up with this theory?
Harry Hess
Bill Nye
Alfred Wegener
Albert Einstein
Which of the following evidence was used to support theory of continental drift?
A) Continents fit together like a puzzle
B) Similar fossils were found on separate continents
C) Different types of rock, mountain structures, landforms are found all over the world.
D) All of the above
E) Only A and B
Why was Alfred Wegener unable to explain his theory?
He couldn't explain how the continents drifted.
He couldn't explain why similar fossils on different continents were separated
He couldn't explain why similar geological structures found were found on different continents.
He couldn't explain why the continents fit together like a puzzle.
If you took rock samples from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the youngest rock would be
located where the plates collide
located at the place where rocks are furthest from the rift valley
Located at the center of the ridge (rift valley), where oceanic crust is formed
none of the above; all the rocks would be the same age
Seafloor Spreading occurs at a
convergent boundary
divergent boundary
transform boundary
continental boundary
Tectonic plates float on top of the
crust
asthenosphere
lower mantle
outer core
Alfred Wegener thought South America and Africa have similar coastlines because...
the mesosaurus fossils were found on both continents
He noticed that similar rocks were found on both continents
he thought that the continents used be be joined together
Pangaea was 250 million years ago
What geologic feature was evidence to support the theory that the continents used to be joined?
Same rocks were found on different continents
Glacial grooves were found on different continents
Fossilized evidence of the same organism found on different continents
Africa and South America look like puzzle pieces that fit together
What evidence of an ancient organism was used to support the theory that the continents used to be joined?
Same rocks were found on different continents
Glacial grooves were found on different continents
Fossilized evidence of the same organism found on different continents
Africa and South America look like puzzle pieces that fit together
What was Pangaea?
It was a supercontinent, made of all of the landmasses on Earth.
It was 2 separate landmasses, one on the Northern Hemisphere and one on the Southern Hemisphere.
It was a supercontinent made of 3 landmasses
It was the name of an ancient organism
What are two pieces of evidence used to support the theory of continental drift?
Fossils and Pangaea
South America and Rocks
Rocks and Fossils
Fossils and Africa
What is the force that moves the continents?
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Conveyor belts
Originally the Continental drift theory was not well received by other scientist. Why?
There was a competing theory at the time that was more believable.
There was no data showing the continents ever moved.
The scientists did not know the force responsible for moving the continents.
The scientist presenting the data was unreliable.
The yearly orbit of Earth around the Sun is called the
rotation
ellipse
revolution
tilt
The line on which an object rotates is defined as
revolution axis
rotation axis
tilt axis
spin axis
Not only is the summer solstice the longest day of the year, it is also the day on which
the Sun is lowest in the sky
sunset comes earliest
the Sun appears to be highest in the sky
sunrise comes latest
What is the type of water that moves underground?
surface water
watershed
groundwater
water table
Which BEST describes something you could do to reduce water pollution when disposing of household chemicals?
make sure they get into landfills
make sure they don't enter storm drains
make sure to put them out with other trash
make sure to pour them down the sink
Which is NOT a positive impact on Earth's water?
increasing recycling
increasing fertilizer runoff
disposing of chemicals properly
fixing a dripping faucet
Which correctly describes something that can have both a positive and negative impact on the environment?
building a dam
picking up litter
decreasing the use of chemical fertilizers
using less water at home
The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a large area of floating trash in the Pacific Ocean that is caused, in part, by ocean currents. Which is a step people can take to minimize its effect on Earth's water?
use satellites to measure its size
measure ocean currents to predict where it will go
design new and better ways to recycle
work harder to prevent oil spills.
A student notices that, after a rainstorm, muddy water washes through her backyard and into a pond. Which describes something that most likely caused this problem?
Some shrubs and trees were removed from the yard.
Less chemical fertilizer was used in the yard.
A neighbor did not dispose of household chemicals correctly
A new aquifer was drilled in the neighborhood.
How does plastic effect sea life?
Microplastics create dead zones in the oceans.
Plastics provide habitats for marine life.
Wildlife such as dolphins, seals and seabirds often eat plastic, mistaking it for food.
None of the above
What is one of the positive impacts that humans have on Earth’s water?
Changing the flow of water by damming streams
Dumping large amounts of pollution in the oceans
Conserving water
How is ocean pollution harmful to both fish and animals that eat the fish?
Animals will starve because they won’t eat the poisoned fish.
Chemicals poison the fish, then when animals eat the fish, they get poisoned too
Fish and animals are not affected by ocean pollution
We can prevent water pollution by:
Reduce the use of plastic.
Properly dispose of chemicals
Clean up after your animals.
All of the above
Trash in the ocean tends to travel to this area of the Pacific called what?
Pacific Trash Area
Great Pacific Garbage Patch
Pacific Vacuum
Pacific Garbage Area
How can we stop the garbage from growing?
Take care of your trash and throw it out the right way
Remember that land and sea are both connected.
Reduce the garbage you produce and recycle plastics.
All of the above
Approximately 75 percent of the Earth's surface is covered in water. So why is water considered such a precious resource?
The greenhouse effect is causing most of the world's freshwater to be trapped in the atmosphere
Each year, more freshwater is being trapped in icecaps located at the North and South Poles
Global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions will likely cause Earth's oceans to evaporate
Only a small fraction of the Earth's water is freshwater available for drinking and irrigation
Which of the following are greenhouse gases?
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Water vapor
All answers are correct
What happens to the temperature if more greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere?
Temperature goes up
Temperature goes down
What is the greenhouse effect?
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
A type of pollution found both indoors and outdoors, which includes pollen, dander, soot, carbon, and dust.
Water droplets
Allergens
Particulate matter
Combustibles
Which of the following are the sources of primary air pollutants in the USA?
automobiles, industry, oil drilling
power plants, furniture repair shops, oil refineries
industry, power generation, transportation
chemicals in carpets, building materials, paints
What are the two types of air pollution?
Natural
Automobile
Man-made
Volcano
