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Test 2 Ch. 15-18

Total questions: 58

Worksheet time: 15hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An infectious disease is MOST accurately defined as:

a)

any disease that enters the body via the bloodstream, and renders the immune system nonfunctional

b)

the invasion of the human body by bacterium that cannot be destroyed by the antibiotics of other drugs

c)

a disease that can be spread from one person or species to another through a number of mechanisms

d)

a medical condition caused by the growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body

2.

Which of the following statement regarding hepatitis A is correct?

a)

Hepatitis A can only be transmitted by an patient who has an acute infection

b)

Infection with hepatitis A causes chronic illness with a high mortality rate

c)

Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted via contact with blood or other body fluids

d)

Although there is no vaccine against hepatitis A, treatment is usually successful

3.

When assessing a patient with a medical complaint, which of the following would MOST likely reveal the cause of his or her problem?

a)

history taking

b)

rapid body scan

c)

baseline vital signs

d)

primary assessment

4.

Which of the following statements regarding the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is correct?

a)

HIV is far more contagious than hepatitis B and is easily transmitted in the health care setting

b)

The risk of HIV infection is high, even if an infected person's blood comes in contact with your intact skin

c)

The risk of HIV infection is greatest when deposited on a mucous membrane or directly in to the bloodstream

d)

Most patients who are infected with HIB experience chronic symptoms that vary in duration and severity.

5.

Upon initial contact with a patient who appears to be unconscious, you should:

a)

assess breathing depth and determine the respiratory rate

b)

squeeze the trapezius muscle to see if the patient responds

c)

attempt to elicit a verbal response by talking to the patient

d)

direct your partner to apply oxygen via nonrebreathing mask

6.

In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?

a)

alveoli

b)

trachea

c)

bronchi

d)

capillaries

7.

Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include:

a)

altered mental status and bradycardia

b)

unilateral paralysis and slurred speech

c)

anxiety, dizziness and severe bradypnea

d)

tachypnea and tingling in the extremities

8.

At the onset of an acute asthma attack, patients commonly experience difficulty breathing and:

a)

audible stridor

b)

rales and rhonchi

c)

profound cyanosis

d)

expiratory wheezing

9.

When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:

a)

normal breath sounds

b)

abnormal breath sounds

c)

diminished breath sounds

d)

an absence of breath sounds

10.

An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with:

a)

an obstructed airway

b)

adequate air exchange

c)

respiratory difficulty

d)

respiratory insufficiency

11.

In a healthy individual, the brain set, stimulates breathing on the basis of:

a)

increased oxygen levels

b)

decreased oxygen levels

c)

increased carbon dioxide levels

d)

decreased carbon dioxide levels

12.

Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to a buildup of fatty deposit is called:

a)

angina pectoris

b)

arteriosclerosis

c)

acute ischemia

d)

atherosclerosis

13.

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:

a)

right atrium

b)

right ventricle

c)

left atrium

d)

left ventricle

14.

Common signs and symptoms of AMI include all of the following EXCEPT:

a)

irregular heartbeat

b)

sudden unexplained sweating

c)

shortness of breath or dyspnea

d)

pain exacerbated by breathing

15.

The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the:

a)

iliac arteries

b)

brachial arteries

c)

carotid arteries

d)

subclavian arteries

16.

A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing:

a)

aphasia

b)

dysarthria

c)

dysphagia

d)

paraplegia

17.

The left cerebral hemisphere controls:

a)

the right side of the face

b)

heart rate and pupil reaction

c)

the right side of the body

d)

breathing and BP

18.

The mental status of a patient who has experience a typical seizure:

a)

progressively worsens over a period of a few hours

b)

is easily differentiated from that of acute hypoglycemia

c)

is likely to improve over a period of 5 to 30 minutes

d)

typically does not improve, even after several minutes

19.

An absence seizure is also referred to as a:

a)

petit mal seizure

b)

grand mal seizure

c)

total body seizure

d)

generalized motor seizure

20.

The MOST important treatment for a patient with severe abdominal pain and signs go shock includes:

a)

administering high flow oxygen

b)

giving oral fluids to maintain perfusion

c)

transporting the patient without delay

d)

positioning the patient on his or her side

21.

Esophageal varices MOST commonly occur in patients who:

a)

drink a lot of alcohol

b)

have severe diabetes

c)

have a history of esophagitis

d)

have weak immune systems

22.

While auscultating breath sounds of a patient who was stung multiple times by a yellow jacket, you hear bilateral wheezing over all lung fields. This indicates:

a)

rapid swelling of the upper airway tissues

b)

a significant amount of fluid in the alveoli

c)

narrowing of the bronchioles in the lungs

d)

enlargement of the bronchioles in the lungs

23.

A 37 year old male is found unconscious in his car. His airway is patent and his respirations are rapid and labored. As you and your partner are assessing and treating the patient, a police officer hands you medication named Alupent, which he found in the backseat of the patients car. This medication suggests that the patient has a history of:

a)

asthma

b)

heart disease

c)

hypertension

d)

allergic reaction

24.

Which of the following is an example of a symptom?

a)

cyanosis

b)

headache

c)

tachycardia

d)

hypertension

25.

Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as:

a)

low venous oxygen levels

b)

a decrease in arterial oxygen levels

c)

an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood

d)

inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells

26.

A seizure patient is having what kind of medical emergency?

a)

Respiratory

b)

Cardiovascular

c)

Neurologic

d)

Immunologic

27.

If an injury distracts an EMT from assessing a more serious underlying illness, the EMT has suffered from:

a)

tunnel vision.

b)

index of suspicion.

c)

virulence.

d)

a trauma emergency.

28.

If a "frequent flier" calls 9-1-1 because of a suspected head injury, you should NEVER:

a)

take the call seriously; don't waste your time or resources on such a caller.

b)

perform a primary assessment; he called for a head injury last week, and it wasn't serious.

c)

assume you know what the problem is; every case is different, and you don't want to miss a potentially serious problem.

d)

treat the patient with respect; he is probably lying.

29.

If your medical patient is not in critical condition, how long should you spend on scene?

a)

10 minutes or less

b)

30 minutes

c)

2 hours

d)

However long it takes to gather as much information as possible

30.

Your patient believes he has hepatitis and is now exhibiting signs of cirrhosis of the liver. He most likely has:

a)

hepatitis A.

b)

hepatitis B.

c)

hepatitis C.

d)

hepatitis D.

31.

Your patient is complaining of fever, headache, stiffness of the neck, and red blotches on his skin. He most likely has:

a)

tuberculosis.

b)

hepatitis B.

c)

SARS.

d)

meningitis.

32.

You have been called for a​ 2-year-old male patient who is sick and having a difficult time breathing. On​ scene, you find the patient in his​ mother's arms. He appears to have labored breathing and skin that is warm to the touch. Which of these additional assessment findings would you recognize as the most​ serious?

a)

Grunting noise heard as the child exhales

b)

Slight abdominal movement with breathing

c)

Continual crying accompanied by a fever of 99.4degreesF

d)

Respiratory rate of 28​ breaths/min

33.

When a child starts to become​ hypoxic, the pulse will​ initially:

a)

Increase

b)

Decrease

c)

Become irregular

d)

Not change

34.

A 911 call was placed for a​ 3-year-old child with difficulty breathing. On​ scene, you note that the child is upright with slight stridor upon inspiration. He is alert and breathing at a rate of 30​ breaths/min. His skin is warm and​ dry, and his radial pulse strong and regular. His breath sounds are clear and equal. His mother states that he was fine all day until 15 minutes​ ago, when he was playing with friends in the playroom and suddenly started having difficulty breathing. As an​ EMT, you should suspect which​ condition?

a)

Croup

b)

Epiglottitis

c)

Bronchial asthma

d)

Foreign body airway obstruction

35.

You are delivering positive pressure ventilations to a patient who is breathing poorly and has absent breath sounds in the right lung. Which of these instructions would you provide to those responders who are ventilating the​ patient?

a)

​"If his SpO2 is​ 85% or​ greater, let's stop the ventilations and put him on​ high-concentration oxygen with a face​ mask."

b)

​"Use the minimal tidal volume​ possible, just enough to make the chest rise and​ fall."

c)

​"Make sure to really get those ventilations into his good lung. He needs the​ oxygen."

d)

​"Let's use just room air for the ventilations. We​ don't want to cause a tension pneumothorax by giving pure​ oxygen."

36.

A​ confused, lethargic, and nonverbal​ 50-year-old female patient has altered mental status. You are told she has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease​ (COPD). The primary assessment reveals a respiration rate of 6​ breaths/min and​ cool, clammy skin with cyanosis around the lips. What should be your priority​ management?

a)

Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 15 lpm

b)

Administer oxygen by nasal cannula at 15 lpm

c)

Sit the patient​ up, assess lung​ sounds, and obtain a blood pressure

d)

Assist respirations with positive pressure ventilation

37.

You are at an extended care facility for the elderly to assess and transport a patient suspected of having pneumonia to the hospital for evaluation. During your pulmonary​ assessment, which breath sound would you expect to hear that would be most specific to pneumonia versus other pulmonary​ conditions?

a)

Localized wheezing to one side of the chest

b)

Bilateral rhonchi

c)

Inspiratory stridor

d)

Inspiratory and expiratory crackles to the tops of both lungs

38.

Which of these is considered an early sign of inadequate breathing in​ children?

a)

Crying

b)

Barrel chest

c)

Nasal flaring

d)

Blue-gray skin

39.

You have been called to a home for an​ 18-year-old male​ patient, who informs you that he experienced a sudden onset of shortness of breath and back pain while watching television. He has a history of spontaneous​ pneumothorax, and the current symptoms he is experiencing are identical to those he felt with a previous pneumothorax. Assessment reveals the patient to be slightly dyspneic with breath sounds clear and intact bilaterally. During​ transport, what is most critical to continually monitor on this​ patient?

a)

Spasms to the hands

b)

Blood pressure

c)

Breath sounds

d)

Mental status

40.

An acute infectious disease caused by bacterium or a virus that affects the lower respiratory tract and causes lung inflammation resulting in dyspnea​ is:

a)

Pneumonia

b)

Chronic bronchitis

c)

Asthma

d)

Emphysema

41.

You have been called for a​ 6-year-old male patient with shortness of breath. On​ scene, you find the patient with a runny nose and mucus coming from the right nare. Breath sounds are clear and his SpO2 is​ 99% on room air. When​ asked, the patient states that his throat is very sore. His vital signs are​ pulse, 124;​ respirations, 20​ breaths/min; and​ temperature, 98.9°F. There is no medical​ history, according to the mother. Which statement or instruction would be most appropriate for this​ situation?

a)

​"Why don't we give him an aspirin for his fever and then you can follow up at your​ pediatrician's office."

b)

​"I am very concerned he may have​ epiglottitis, so we are going to take him to the hospital with lights and​ siren."

c)

​"He is​ stable, but we will take him to the hospital. The danger lies in the infection spreading to the​ lungs."

d)

​"Let's give him some oxygen since the heart rate is most likely elevated because his oxygen is​ low."

42.

You have been dispatched to a home for a​ 16-year-old female patient with shortness of breath. On​ scene, you find the patient in bed with her mother at her side. Her mother states that her daughter has a fever with a past medical history of cystic​ fibrosis; she would like to have her daughter transported to the hospital for evaluation of possible pneumonia. As a knowledgeable​ EMT, you know that the underlying pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis is​ a:

a)

Contagious disease in which the lungs are damaged by bacteria and excessive coughing

b)

Condition in which excessive and thick mucus often plugs the airways

c)

Hereditary disease in which the lungs are malformed and smaller than normal

d)

Disease in which lifelong antibiotic medications are needed for survival

43.

Auscultation of breath sounds in a patient complaining of shortness of breath reveals wheezing. Which condition is responsible for this​ finding?

a)

Significant hypoxia

b)

Mucus in the lungs

c)

Swelling in the throat

d)

Bronchiole constriction

44.

An alert and distressed​ 72-year-old male patient with a history of pulmonary edema from heart failure is in severe respiratory​ distress, breathing 28 to 32 times per minute. His airway is​ patent, respirations are​ labored, crackles are heard in the bases of the​ lungs, and skin is found to be diaphoretic with a rapid radial pulse. Other vital signs are​ pulse, 136; blood​ pressure, 202/110​ mmHg; and​ SpO2, 83%. Cyanosis is evident in the fingertips. The best treatment for this​ patient's breathing difficulty would​ be:

a)

Supplemental oxygen via nasal cannula

b)

Nasal airway with​ high-concentration O2

c)

CPAP

d)

Albuterol MDI

45.

Which of the following best describes a communicable disease?

a)

The growth and spread of small harmful organisms within the body

b)

A disease that can be spread from one person or species to another

c)

A disease that cannot be transmitted from one person to another

d)

Presence of infectious organisms on or in objects

46.

Which of the following medications can be used for the treatment of an acute asthma attack?

a)

Cromolyn

b)

Albuterol

c)

Fluticasone

d)

Salmeterol

47.

Which of the following statements is true regarding asthma?

a)

Asthma involves accumulation of air in the pleural space

b)

Asthma involves a collection of fluid in the pleural space

c)

Asthma involves spasms of the bronchi and bronchioles

d)

Asthma involves a collection of fluid in the alveoli

48.

The patient is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress, such as accessory muscle use and difficulty speaking. Which of the following is also a sign of respiratory distress?

a)

Pursed lip breathing

b)

Respiratory rate of 16 breaths/min

c)

Warm, pink skin

d)

Clear and equal breath sounds

49.

When assisting a patient who has asthma with a small volume nebulizar attached to oxygen what is the appropriate flow rate for the oxygen?

a)

2 L/min

b)

4 L/min

c)

6 L/min

d)

10 L/min

50.

In addition to asthma, which of the following conditions is associated with wheezing?

a)

Croup

b)

Epiglottis

c)

Pulmonary embolism

d)

Bronchitis

51.

While administering a nebulizar of albuterol to your patient, you assess for possible side effects to the medication. Which of the following is typically NOT a side effect of nebulized albuterol?

a)

Vomiting

b)

Increased pulse rate

c)

Nervousness

d)

Muscle tremors

52.

The patients difficulty breathing and crackles are due to blood backing up in which part of the body?

a)

The heart

b)

The lungs

c)

The vessels

d)

The arteries

53.

The patient has a loss of consciousness on the way to the hospital. When you check, you cannot feel a pulse. What should you do?

a)

Tell your partner to drive faster as you begin CPR on the patient

b)

Immediately apply the AED and wait for it to analyze the rhythm before taking any other action

c)

Have your partner pull over the ambulance and come back to help you with CPR and the AED

d)

Begin CPR and after 2 minutes stop to apply the AED while your partner continues driving to the hospital

54.

The patient was exhibiting slurred speech, facial droop, and an inability to move his left arm. Which neurological examination emphasizes these possible stroke signs?

a)

Chicago Prehospital Stroke Scale

b)

Philadelphia Stroke Scale

c)

Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale

d)

Camden Stroke Scale

55.

Which of the following occurs when blood flow to a particular part of the brain is cut off by a blockage resulting in tissue damage?

a)

Ischemic stroke

b)

Hemorrhagic stroke

c)

Seizure

d)

Status epilepticus

56.

What is the name of the condition when the patient forgets about the injured side after a stroke?

a)

Hemiparesis

b)

Neglect

c)

Aphasia

d)

Ataxia

57.

Which of the following is a metabolic cause for a seizure?

a)

Brain tumor

b)

Head trauma

c)

Hypoglycemia

d)

Brain abscess

58.

This patient appears to be suffering from a stroke and a seizure. What condition mimics a stroke and also causes a seizure?

a)

Meningitis

b)

Postictal state

c)

Hypoglycemia

d)

Migraine headache