Free Printable FULL TOEFL EXAM

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SECTION 2: Structure and Written Expression

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91.

SECTION 3: READING COMPREHENSION

1. The passage mainly discusses how

(A) radar technology improved over time

(B) the surface of Venus compares to Earth’s surface

(C) the age of Venus was determined scientifically

(D) knowledge about the surface of Venus was obtained

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

92.

2. The passage mentions that radar beams were used to

obtain the first maps of Venus because they

(A) allowed for mapping more than the two regions already familiar to scientists

(B) could penetrate the clouds that concealed the surface of Venus

(C) were the least expensive method of mapping at the time

(D) could be transmitted easily from Earth

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

93.

3. The word “equipped” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

(A) selected

(B) adjusted

(C) inspected

(D) furnished

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

94.

4. The author discusses Maxwell Montes together with the

Himalayas in the passage in order to

(A) indicate their similar composition

(B) establish the height of Maxwell Montes

(C) indicate that the terrain on Earth resembles the terrain on Venus

(D) compare the origins of the two mountain ranges

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

95.

5. The word “appreciably” in

line 13 is closest in meaning to

(A) surprisingly

(B) probably

(C) noticeably

(D) consistently

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

96.

6. The word “vast” in line 14 is

closest in meaning to

(A) extensive

(B) remote

(C) obvious

(D) raised

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

97.

7. The word “isolated” in line 17 is

closest in meaning to

(A) surrounded

(B) separated

(C) accumulated

(D) elevated

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

98.

8. Pioneer-Venus 1 discovered

that Venus had all of the

following features EXCEPT

(A) impact craters

(B) lowlands

(C) mountains

(D) shield volcanoes

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

99.

9. The Magellan spacecraft

discovered that most of the

surface of Venus is covered with

(A) faults and fractures

(B) rift valleys

(C) lava and volcanoes

(D) impact craters

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

100.

10. It can be inferred from the

passage that scientists use the

density of impact craters on

Venus to determine which of

the following?

(A) The cause of the faults and fractures

(B) The age of different areas of the planet’s surface

(C) The areas that are most geologically active

(D) The amount of flooding of rift valley areas

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

101.

11. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The effect of industrialization on the city of Pullman

(B) The model city built by George Pullman

(C) The career of George Pullman

(D) Housing problems in the nineteenth century

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

102.

12. According to the passage, which of the following led to the creation of the town of Pullman?

(A) A surplus of railway workers in Chicago

(B) Housing problems caused by industrialization

(C) George Pullman’s decision to stop producing railway cars

(D) The opening of the World’s Columbian Exposition

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

103.

13. According to the passage,

George Pullman expected that the city of Pullman would

(A) impress social reformers

(B) satisfy radical political groups

(C) soon develop housing problems

(D) draw workers to the railway car industry

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

104.

14. The word “retain” in line 7 is closest in meaning to

(A) house

(B) train

(C) keep

(D) reward

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

105.

15. According to the passage, Pullman inhabitants were taught to do all of the following EXCEPT

(A) have good manners

(B) become active in town politics

(C) value education

(D) save money

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

106.

16. What does the author imply about George Pullman’s attitude toward his workers in line 11 ?

(A) Pullman believed that his workers should follow a strict daily schedule.

(B) Pullman felt that his workers required careful monitoring and supervision.

(C) Pullman thought that individual workers could be taught to work together as a team.

(D) Pullman believed that his workers had trouble keeping track of the time they spent on a task.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

107.

17. The word “grievances” in line 17 is closest in meaning to

(A) stories

(B) opinions

(C) findings

(D) complaints

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

108.

18. According to the passage, what did George Pullman do to promote tourism in the town of Pullman?

(A) He personally showed tourists around the town.

(B) He published a travel guide to the town.

(C) He started to invest in the town’s cultural development.

(D) He built a new road connecting it to the World’s Columbian Exposition.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

109.

19. The passage suggests that George Pullman worked to hide which of the following from tourists?

(A) His role as an investor in the World’s Columbian Exposition

(B) His conflicts with the inhabitants of the town of Pullman

(C) His efforts to promote the town of Pullman

(D) His lack of knowledge about how the inhabitants of Pullman really lived

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

110.

20. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The oyster industry in the Chesapeake Bay region

(B) The subsistence economy of the Chesapeake Bay region

(C) The exhaustion of commercial oyster beds along the northeastern coast

(D) Sail craft used in the fishing industry of the nineteenth century

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

111.

21. The word “its” in line 4 refers to

(A) the northeastern coast

(B) Maryland

(C) subsistence economy

(D) the Chesapeake Bay region

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

112.

22. The author mentions “a gold rush” in line 7 in order to

(A) illustrate that oysters were very expensive

(B) imply that oystering had a greater impact on Maryland’s economy than mining gold

(C) explain that the new oyster beds were discovered while deposits of gold were being studied

(D) compare the exploiting of the new oyster beds with the excitement of discovering gold

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

113.

23. According to the passage, what year was the Chesapeake Bay oyster harvest the largest?

(A) 1820

(B) 1865

(C) 1880

(D) 1886

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

114.

24. The word “clout” in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(A) belief

(B) influence

(C) information

(D) division

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

115.

25. According to the second paragraph, which of the following was a beneficial effect of the oyster industry?

(A) Oyster fleets increased pay for fishers by one-fifth.

(B) Baltimore constructed a modern sewage treatment plant to keep the Chesapeake Bay clean.

(C) Conservation measures were enforced to protect the reefs where oysters grew.

(D) The people of Maryland gained access to a more nutritious diet including a large quantity of oyster meat.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

116.

26. According to the second paragraph, which of the following has been revealed by bathymetric surveys of the Chesapeake Bay?

(A) The bottom of the bay has been radically altered by oyster harvesting.

(B) Oysters are still available, but current equipment is unable to harvest them.

(C) Oysters have adapted well to significant changes in their environment.

(D) New reefs have formed for oysters to grow in.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

117.

27. The word “speculative” in line 24

is closest in meaning to

(A) radical

(B) popular

(C) theoretical

(D) temporary

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

118.

28. It can be inferred from the author’s description of the beamy vessel in the third paragraph that this boat was

(A) made from planking recovered from old oyster boats

(B) relatively simple in design

(C) rarely used on Chesapeake Bay

(D) able to handle heavy dredges better than earlier boats had

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

119.

29. It can be inferred from the passage that the Chesapeake Bay oyster beds were similar to the oyster beds along the northeastern coast in that they

(A) were discovered following the Civil War

(B) were fished primarily by large sail craft that were operated by the state government

(C) eventually became less productive than they had been in the past

(D) gradually expanded in spite of diseases carried by polluted waters

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

120.

30. The wings of insects are compared to the wings of birds and bats in terms of

(A) their size

(B) the way they evolved

(C) their point of attachment to the thorax

(D) their role in the survival of the species

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

121.

31. Which of the following is a characteristic of the earliest insects known to be capable of true flight?

(A) They had one pair of wings.

(B) Their wings were only folded when at rest.

(C) Both pairs of wings moved at the same time.

(D) Their wings were always extended

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

122.

32. The author mentions dragonflies in the second paragraph as an example of insects whose wings are

(A) not symmetrical in design

(B) commonly found in advanced insects

(C) similar to those of the earliest insects

(D) capable of circular movements

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

123.

33. The word “link” in line 12 is closest in meaning to

(A) join

(B) stop

(C) reduce

(D) flatten

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

124.

34. According to the passage, how do the veins of insect wings differ among species?

(A) Some species do not have spaces between the veins.

(B) Veins are difficult to see in some species.

(C) Different species have different patterns of veins.

(D) Some species do not pump air through the veins.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

125.

35. Where can open cells be found?

(A) At the edge of the wings

(B) In the middle of the wings

(C) In the veins

(D) In the blood

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

126.

36. The word “they” in line 21 refers to

(A) spaces

(B) wings

(C) insects

(D) veins

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

127.

37. How do the forward and trailing edges of insect wings differ?

(A) There are fewer veins in the trailing edge.

(B) They have veins of different thicknesses.

(C) Only the forward edge produces forward movement.

(D) One curls on the upstroke and the other curls on the downstroke

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

128.

38. The word “flexible” in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) pointed

(B) weak

(C) able to expand

(D) able to bend

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

129.

39. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the capabilities of an adult insect that has recently emerged from the pupa?

(A) It cannot fly immediately.

(B) It has difficulty breathing.

(C) It uses its wings for balance.

(D) It cannot remain upright.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

130.

40. Which of the following aspects of insects that can fly is NOT discussed in the passage?

(A) The origin of their wings

(B) Their movements while in flight

(C) The physical structure of their wings

(D) The speed at which they can fly

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

131.

41. What is the passage mainly about?

(A) Formalist and contextualist issues reflected in visual art

(B) Appreciation of artistic qualities in film

(C) Formalist and contextualist points of view on art

(D) Limitations of modern theories of art

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

132.

42. According to the first paragraph, a formalist evaluates a work of art in terms of

(A) “nonartistic” considerations that enhance the aesthetic experience of the artwork

(B) purely aesthetic aspects of the artwork

(C) the relationship of the artwork to social and political matters

(D) the historical accuracy of the artist’s treatment of the subject of the artwork

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

133.

43. The first paragraph mentions all of the following as examples of artistic form EXCEPT

(A) texture

(B) color

(C) morality

(D) shape

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

134.

44. The phrase “concentrate on” in line 6 is closest in meaning to

(A) memorize

(B) focus on

(C) experiment with

(D) criticize

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

135.

45. Which of the following would most likely be a topic of discussion in a formalist analysis of a painting?

(A) The artistic techniques used in the painting

(B) The social background of the artist

(C) The place where the piece was painted

(D) The impact of the painting on society

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

136.

46. The author makes a comparison between a “wide-angle camera shot” (line 15) and the way that contextualists

(A) utilize a large range of artistic styles

(B) interpret the formal aspects of art

(C) study various influences on a work of art

(D) emphasize aesthetic experience

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

137.

47. The word “it” in line 18 refers to

(A) artwork

(B) physical setting

(C) culture

(D) society

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

138.

48. The word “era” in line 20 is closest in meaning to

(A) character

(B) development

(C) period

(D) role

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

139.

49. The phrase “stems from” in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) grows out of

(B) turns into

(C) runs up against

(D) argues for

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

140.

50. According to the second paragraph, formalists claim that the weakest aspect of contextualism is which of the following?

(A) Its reductive focus

(B) Its concentration on appealing to the viewer’s senses

(C) Its inability to offer a viewer more than one way of looking at art

(D) Its primary concern with facts and theories

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

FULL TOEFL EXAM

Total questions: 140

Worksheet time: 2hrs 48mins

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