Worksheetsmock exam 4
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 50mins
what is NOT a sign of a concussion?
headache
imbalance
normal affect
vomiting
signs and symptoms of increased ICP? select 3
projectile vomiting
pupil ipsilateral to lesion becomes fixed and dilated
pstosis
hypotension
pupil ipsilateral to lesion becomes constricted
this disease is characterized by deficient dopamine, excess acetylcholine, and resting tremors
parkinsons
myasthenia gravis
multiple sclerosis
epilepsy
acetylcholine receptors are destroyed by IgG antibodies causing progressive muscle weakness
multiple sclerosis
myasthenia gravis
epilepsy
parkinsons
T cells auto-reactive and damage myelin sheath. affects motor and sensory nerves, and affects females more often than males
myasthenia Gravis
Fibromyalgia
migraines
multiple sclerosis
what is a characteristic of Guillain-Barre syndrome?
ascending flaccid paralysis
trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
nuchal rigidity and fever
strong tonic muscle contractions
what are some symptoms of bacterial meningitis? select 3 that apply
nuchal rigidity
rash
paralysis
photophobia
slow breathing
what is the normal ICP for a resting adult?
5-20 mmHg
0-5 mmHg
5-15 mmHg
10-30 mmHg
what is not a result of increased intracranial pressure?
projectile vomiting
cushings triad
hypertension
pupil constriction
what are mechanisms to decrease ICP? select 3
ventriculostomy (drain CSF)
lower blood pressure
increase CO2 level
remove brain tissue
increase blood pressure
what happens in cushing traid?
increased BP, decreased pulse, decreased respirations
decreased BP, increased pulse, increased, respirations
increased BP, increased pulse, increase respirations
decreased BP, decreased pulse, decreased respirations
what is a risk factor for stroke?
heart disease
race
oral contraceptives
smoking
all of these
emboli that obstructs cerebral blood flow leads to...
ischemic stroke
hemorrhagic stroke
TIA is a permanent reduction in cerebral blood flow and 80% progress to stroke
true
false
spinal cord shock has what characteristics?
complete loss of reflex function at and below level of lesion
normal activity ceases at and above level of injury
sites have continuous nervous discharges from the brain
maintain autonomic control
what kind of seizure has a single or focal origin with one hemisphere and there is NO loss of consciousness?
generalized
focal
simple focal
complex focal
what kind of seizure is more common in children, lasts 5-10 seconds, brief loss of awareness, and no memory of episode is retained?
absence or Petit Mal
tonic-clonic
focal
clonic
what is NOT a phase of a generalized seizure?
prodrome
tonic
mid-ictal
postical
what are characteristics of somatic pain? select 3
it is cutaneous (from skin)
conducted by sensory fibers
originates in organs
conducted by sympathetic fibers
can involve bone/muscle
in a spinal cord injury , if there is injury to the descending tract it can cause..
motor deficits
sensory deficits
both motor and sensory deficits
none of these
what can be affected by chronic pain?
apetite
sleep
daily activities
all of these
a bone is fractured into more than 2 fragments. what kind of fracture is this?
simple
compression
spiral
comminuted
what factor affects bone healing
age
glucocorticoid drugs
bone approximation
all of these affect bone healing
a patient with a fracture to their leg starts to develop intense pain and a feeling of tightness in their leg. what is the likely bone healing complication?
muscle spasms
nerve damage
compartment syndrome
malunion
what is not a step in the fracture healing process
hematoma
granulation tissue
remodeling
approximation
what is the first step of the fracture healing process?
granulation tissue
procallus
hematoma
bony callus
arthritis due to wear and tear, can be unilateral, articular cartilage damaged.
osteoarthritis
rheumatoid arthritis
septic arthtitis
gouty arthritis
gouty arthritis characteristics are...
uric acid deposit with synovial fluid
low back pain that radiates to sacrum and legs
symmetrical involvement of joints
joint fixation
patho of this arthritis: bacteria present in joint due to trauma, surgery or infection that spreads from nearby area
gouty arthritis
osteosrthritis
septic arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis
what is a sign/symptom of osteoporosis?
kyphosis
spontaneous fractures
loss of height
all of these
a patient presents with rales, productive cough (rust in color), and dyspnea. what kind of pneumonia does the patient likely have?
bronchopneumonia
viral pneumonia
lobar/pneunomoccal pneumonia
atypical pneumonia
this is caused by influenza A/B, adenoviruses, and RSV.
atypical
bronchopneumonia
viral
bacterial
bronchopneumonia is characterized by...
diffuse pattern of infection in both lungs
rust colored sputum
night sweats
localized involvement in one lung
yellow/green sputum, insidious onset, and inflammatory exudate in alveoli are characteristics of what pneumonia
streptococcal
lobar
bronchopneumonia
viral
stage 2 tuberculosis- occurs when clients cell- mediated immunity is impaired due to stress malnutrition, HIV infection, or age. What occurs during the second stage?
mycobacteria begin to reproduce and infect lung
not contagious
organism enters lungs
tubercules form
respiratory failure is indicated by... select 2
decreasing responsiveness
cyanosis
hyperventilation
barrel chest
result of an opening through chest wall and parietal pleura or form a tear in the lung tissue and visceral pleura.
tension pneumothorax
open pneumothorax
pulmonary edema is caused by... select 2
inflammation in lungs
plasma protein levels are low
obstruction
type 1 hypersensitivity
what is NOT a principle of gas exchange?
surface area
dead space
proximity (thickness of respiratory membrane)
pressure gradients
non-aeration or collapse of a lung or part of a lung and both ventilation and perfusion are altered.
atelactasis
pneumonia
rales
rhonchi
what are some signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism? (select 2)
chest pain
hemoptysis
bradycardia
hypertension
COPD is characterized by (select 3)
barrel chest
dyspnea
weight gain
digital clubbing
what treatment(s) is/are for COPD/emphysema
bronchodilators
breathing techniques
pulmonary rehab
all of these
none of these
"blue bloaters", excessive mucus, chronic productive cough, chronic hypoxemia are all characteristics of...
asthma
emphysema
chronic bronchitis
pulmonary edema
what is not a stimuli for asthma?
exercise
stress
exposure to cold
low plasma protein
what occurs in emphysema? select 3
destruction of alveoli
air trapping
thin appearance
decreased CO2 retention
shortened expiratory time
what can affect the thickness of the respiratory membrane?
fluid accumulation
destruction of the alveolar wall
increased ventilation perfusion ratio
none of these
A patient has a pH of 7.8, a CO2 of 30 and a HCO3 of 15.
What does the patient have
respiratory acidosis
respiratory alkalosis
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis
rales sound like....
whistling
light, bubbly, crackling
wheezing
high pitched crowing
how do you feel about exam 4?
I feel great!
I am not ready.
