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Exam Review: Units 1 & 2 Big Bang and Stars

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 1hrs 1mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is NOT an evidence of the Big Bang?

a)

Red Shift

b)

Steady state

c)

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

d)

Nucleosynthesis

2.

This element is the lightest,most abundant in the universe and is the key component of stars

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Helium

c)

Oxygen

d)

Carbon

3.

When did the big bang occur?

a)

5000 yrs ag0

b)

13.7 billion yrs ago

c)

2 million yrs ago

d)

Unknown

4.

The farther away galaxies are from us, the _______________ it is that they are moving away from us.

a)

more uncertain

b)

faster

c)

slower

d)

more unpredictable

5.

Our theory of the universe was confirmed when the WMAP mission photographed the fossil remnant heat we now call _______

a)

Fusion

b)

Cosmic microwave background radiation

c)

Doppler Effect

d)

a Planetary Nebula

6.

A theory that says the universe began as a small point that expanded rapidly about 13.7 billion years ago.

a)

Big Bang Theory

b)

Singularity Theory

c)

Galaxy Theory

7.

A unit of length equal to the distance that light travels through space in one year.

a)

Leap Year

b)

Light-Year

c)

Frequency

8.

A reaction in which two light nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of heavier mass, resulting in the release of a large amount of energy.

a)

Nuclear Bomb

b)

Nuclear Fusion

c)

Nuclear Fission

9.

The explosion of a massive star at the end of its life cycle

a)

Galaxy

b)

Milky Way Galaxy

c)

Supernova

d)

Universe

10.
As part of the modern theory of the origins of the elements, it is hypothesized that before the formation of the stars, most of the matter in the universe consisted of what atoms?
a)
hydrogen and helium
b)
nitrogen and carbon
c)
silicon and lithium
d)
uranium and radium
11.

Which statement is true?

a)

The galaxies are moving toward us.

b)

The galaxies are moving away from us.

c)

The universe remains static or unchanged in motion.

d)

None of the above

12.

The Cosmic Background Radiation is:

a)

the remaining energy from the big bang.

b)

incredibly hot.

c)

visible to the human eye.

d)

only located in certain places in the universe.

13.

Astronomer Edwin Hubble discovered (in 1929) that all galaxies are

a)

rushing toward each other.

b)

getting larger by galactic mergers

c)

rushing away from each other.

d)

spiral in shape

14.

Hubble's Law states that most galaxies are receding away from us at a speed that is proportional to their

a)

size.

b)

mass.

c)

quasars.

d)

distance

15.
Which group or  category does our Sun belong to?
a)
White Dwarfs
b)
Supergiants
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Giants
16.
Red stars are the _____________.
a)
hottest
b)
coolest
c)
biggest
17.
Blue stars are the _____________.
a)
hottest
b)
coolest
c)
smallest
18.
Which star has the lowest temperature?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
19.
As you move from the bottom to the top of the H R diagram the __________ changes.
a)
Temperature
b)
Luminosity or Brightness
20.

Which of the following stars is the hottest?

a)

Bellatrix

b)

Deneb

c)

Polaris

d)

Barnard's Star

21.

Which of the following stars is the brightest?

a)

Bellatrix

b)

Deneb

c)

Polaris

d)

Barnard's Star

22.

What does a low mass star become when it runs out of fuel?

a)

white dwarf

b)

black hole

c)

neutron star

d)

pulsar

23.

A galaxy is at a distance of one billion light years from Earth. Which of the following is true?

a)

We see the galaxy as it was one billion years ago.

b)

We see the galaxy as it was when the universe was one billion years old.

c)

We see the galaxy the way it will be in one billion years.

d)

We see what our galaxy will be like in one billion years.

24.

Our universe is

a)

expanding.

b)

shrinking.

c)

staying the same size.

d)

We don't know what it's doing.

25.

When viewed from Earth, the light from very distant galaxies shows a red shift. This is evidence that these distant galaxies are

a)

moving away from Earth

b)

moving toward Earth

26.

According to Hubble's law faster moving galaxies are now

a)

further away from us

b)

closer to us

27.

According to Hubble's Law, if galaxy B is three times farther away from us than galaxy A, then galaxy B will

a)

move toward us nine times faster than A

b)

move toward us three times faster than A

c)

move away from us nine times faster than A

d)

move away from us three times faster than A

28.

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) is the term used to describe the residual microwave radiation observed everywhere in the universe that seems to have no single source. The observation of CMBR is used as evidence of the Big Bang Theory because it is believed to be -

a)

the result of collisions between neighboring galaxies.

b)

particles of dust that have absorbed radioactivity.

c)

radiation left over from the rapid expansion of matter.

d)

light energy emitted from the source of the Big Bang.

29.

What were the original two elements in our universe?

a)

Hydrogen and Lithium

b)

Helium and Oxygen

c)

Helium and Hydrogen

d)

None of the above

30.
The light we see from objects in the sky are from the past
a)
True
b)
False
31.

What is the big bang theory?

a)

A theory that states that the universe started in a large mass and then imploded to form everything.

b)

A theory that states that the universe was there, will be and is there. Is homogeneous and isotropic.

c)

A theory that states that the universe is slowly coming back to a center.

d)

A theory that states that the universe started in a small mass and then expanded, the expansion cooled down the temperature and that resulted in the formation of matter, energy, space and time.

32.

Which mass of star will have the shortest life span?

a)

Low Mass Star

b)

Medium Mass Star

c)

High Mass Star

d)

Very High Mass Star

33.

Which stage of life is the sun currently in?

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Planetary Nebula

c)

Main Sequence

d)

Red Giant

34.

What is the name of the cosmic cloud of dust and gas that is the first stage in the birth of a star?

a)

Protostar

b)

Spiral Galaxy

c)

Quasar

d)

Stellar Nebula

35.

A stellar nebula will eventually condense into a hot ball of mostly hydrogen called a __________. At this point, nuclear fusion has not yet started but it will soon.

a)

Protostar

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Brown Dwarf

d)

Main Sequence

36.

In a high mass star, at the end of the red super giant phase, the gravity causes the star to rapidly collapse. This collapse causes a massive explosion called a __________

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Planetary Nebula

c)

Supernova

d)

Neutron Star

37.

In a very high mass star, a supernova triggers the formation of a __________ which has a gravitational pull so strong that even light cannot escape.

a)

White Dwarf

b)

Neutron Star

c)

Stellar Nebula

d)

Black Hole

38.

Which elements are found in a main sequence star?

a)

Hydrogen (H)

b)

Helium (He)

c)

Carbon (C)

d)

Oxygen (O)

39.

Which is one of the heaviest element found in a red supergiant star?

a)

Nitrogen (N)

b)

Iron (Fe)

c)

Sulfur (S)

d)

Magnesium (Mg)

40.

Elements heavier than iron are not formed in Main Sequence or Red Giant Stars. Where are heavier elements like silver, gold, and lead formed?

a)

White Dwarfs

b)

Stellar Nebulae

c)

Neutron Stars

d)

Supernovae

41.

Here on Earth, living organisms are mostly made of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), Sulfur (S), Calcium (Ca), and Potassium (K). Where do all of these elements come from?

a)

Black Holes

b)

The Big Bang

c)

Planetary Nebulas

d)

Supernovas

42.
The combining of two or more atoms in a stars core into a new heavier atom.
a)
Fission
b)
Fusion
c)
Nuclear Reactions
d)
Nucleosynthesis
43.

What element is going to be the final element produced by fusion in our sun?

a)

Carbon

b)

Magnesium

c)

Helium

d)

Sulfur

44.
A supernova can cause a black hole...
a)
which is so dense that nothing can escape it's gravity, not even light.
b)
which pushes matter away from it.
c)
where only light escapes.
d)
which is actually a bright star.
45.
A supernova can also turn into a neutron star...
a)
when the star's core collapses and forms a dense mass of neutrons.
b)
where not even light can escape.
c)
and then it turns into a planet.
d)
and it does a little dance.
46.
A low mass main sequence star is...
a)
the size of our earth.
b)
150 times bigger than our sun.
c)
like our sun.
d)
so dense not even light can escape it.
47.
The core of a red giant collapses and the outer layers of hydrogen, helium and other elements are ejected into a cloud called...
a)
a black hole.
b)
a planetary nebula.
c)
a neutron star.
d)
a super giant.
48.
As the core of the red giant collapses it condenses into a super bright and dense star called...
a)
a brown dwarf.
b)
a red super giant.
c)
a white dwarf.
d)
a black hole.
49.
Stars can take different paths due to having different _____________
a)
temperature
b)
mass
c)
brightness
d)
color
50.
After the main sequence, a high mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
51.
After the main sequence, a low mass star becomes a
a)
black dwarf
b)
protostar
c)
red giant
d)
supergiant
52.
After a supergiant, a high mass star explodes and forms a
a)
supernova
b)
red giant
c)
black hole
d)
planetary nebula
53.
Mass of a star determines how long it "lives".
a)
True
b)
False
54.

Who are the two persons found evidence of cosmic microwave background?

a)

Abott and Costello

b)

Gildenstern and Rosencrans

c)

Penzias and Wilson

55.

Who among the following first suggested the Big Bang theory in the 1920s when he theorized that the universe began as a primordial atom?

a)

Vesto Slipher

b)

George Lemaitre

c)

Edwin Hubble

d)

Fred Hoyle

56.

Who among the following found in his telescope observations that the farther away the galaxy was, the faster it appeared to be moving away from us?

a)

George Lemaitre

b)

Fred Hoyle

c)

Vesto Slipher

d)

Edwin Hubble

57.

Who among the following developed the Big Bang Theory?

a)

George Gamow

b)

George Lemaitre

c)

Fred Hoyle

d)

Edwin Hubble

58.

Order the types of stars from those which will live the LONGEST to those that will live the SHORTEST life spans.

a)

Red Dwarf Stars

b)

Low Mass Stars

c)

High Mass Stars

1)
2)
3)
59.

Arrange the stages of the life cycle of a Red Dwarf Star.

a)

Stellar Nebula

b)

Protostar

c)

Red Dwarf (Main Sequence)

d)

White Dwarf

1)
2)
3)
4)
60.

What are the first three stages that ALL stars go through in their life cycle?

a)

Formation in a Stellar Nebula

b)

Accretion into a Protostar

c)

Hydrogen Fusion as a Main Sequence Star

d)

Explosion into a Supernova

61.

Stars spend the majority of their life cycle in the Main Sequence because:

a)

This is the period of their life cycle when they are fusing Hydrogen

b)

This is the period of their life cycle when they are burning the hottest

c)

This is the period of their life cycle when they are burning the coolest

d)

This is the period of their life cycle when they have the most mass

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