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Chemistry of Life

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Water is often called the “universal solvent” because many substances can be dissolved in water. What property of water allows it to be such a universal solvent?

a)

Purity

b)

Polarity and cohesion

c)

High heat capacity

d)

Expansion upon freezing

2.

Any compound that removes H+ ions to an aqueous solution and measures more than 7 on the pH scale:

a)

Base

b)

Solvent

c)

Acid

d)

Solute

3.

Substance in a solution that dissolves the other substance and is present in the greater amount:

a)

Solute

b)

Acid

c)

Solution

d)

Solvent

4.

The ability of water molecules to stick together is called:

a)

Adhesion

b)

Cohesion

c)

Transpiration

d)

Solvency

5.

Water is polar because:

a)

The molecule has two poles, at which it is colder than the other regions of the molecule.

b)

The water molecule is neutral

c)

The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms. 

d)

The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its hydrogen atoms and a slight positive charge near its oxygen atom.

6.

The bonds within a water molecule are:

a)

Polar covalent

b)

Hydrogen

c)

Ionic

d)

Non-polar covalent

7.

Any compound that donates H+ ions to an aqueous solution and measures less than 7 on the pH scale:

a)

Acid

b)

Base

c)

Solvent

d)

Solute

8.

Which of the following is a function of a carbohydrate?

a)

Provides long term energy to body

b)

Supports the body in building structures necessary for survival

c)

Provides short term energy to the body

d)

Gives the body instructions for how to build our body's structures

9.

A scientist is analyzing different biomolecule structures. They notice an influx of Phosphorus. Which biomolecule are they looking at?

a)

Lipids

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Nucleic Acid

10.

Which of the following best compares the structures of lipids and carbohydrates?

a)

Both are made up of monosaccharide monomers, but lipids are hydrophobic and carbohydrates are hydrophilic.

b)

Both consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but carbohydrates have repeating structural units and lipids do not.

c)

Both contain carbon and hydrogen, but carbohydrates also contain oxygen and lipids contain nitrogen.

d)

Both have a carbon backbone, but lipids also have an amino group and carbohydrates have a carboxylic acid group.

11.

Some proteins catalyze biochemical reactions. If a genetic defect prevented a protein catalyst from being produced, which of the following do you predict would happen in the cell?

a)

The cell would find a different type of protein to catalyze the reaction.

b)

The reaction the protein catalyzes would proceed very slowly or not at all.

c)

The reaction the protein catalyzes would only occur in some places in the cell.

d)

The reverse reaction of the one the protein catalyzes would begin to proceed.

12.

As food travels through the digestive system, it is exposed to a variety of pH levels. The stomach has a pH of 2 due to the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCl), and the small intestine has a pH ranging from 7 to 9. HCl converts pepsinogen into pepsin, an enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach. Which of the following most likely happens to pepsin as it enters the small intestine?

a)

It becomes inactive

b)

It begins to replicate

c)

Its shape changes to engulf large proteins

d)

Its activity increases to ingest more proteins

13.

Covalent compounds form with atoms _________ electrons?

a)

Exchange

b)

Lose

c)

Share

d)

Gain

14.

Enzymes help chemical reactions proceed by

a)

Forcing more Products to be created by using up all the energy

b)

Raising Activation Energy

c)

Creating more Reactants

d)

Lowering Activation Energy

15.

What is a solution?

a)

A uniform mixture

b)

Liquid Elements

c)

A mixture where you can clearly see the items separated (oil and water)

d)

Covalent compounds together

16.

A (a)   is a substance that dissolves a solute.

17.

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleotides are all (a)   compounds.

18.

When molecules have regions of asymmetric charge, they are....

a)

bad at dissolving

b)

polar

c)

lipids

d)

non polar

19.

What makes carbon so important to life?

a)

bonding properties

b)

its place on the Periodic Table

c)

it is a reactant in all chemical reactions

d)

it is an enzyme

20.

Which of the following solutions has the highest Hydrogen ion concentration?

a)

a solution with a pH of 1

b)

a solution with a pH of 4

c)

a solution with a pH of 7

d)

a solution with a pH of 10

21.

Enzymes act on

a)

products

b)

proteins

c)

amino acids

d)

substrates

22.

Activation energy

a)

is the term for the amount of energy in each reactant

b)

helps the enzyme to increase the rate of the reaction

c)

is the term for the amount of energy that needs to be added for a chemical reaction to start

d)

is the term for the amount of energy released by the reaction after it starts

23.

What are the 4 types of carbon-based molecules in organisms?

a)

carbohydrates, lipids, fatty acids, and monomers

b)

polymers, monomers, acids, bases

c)

adhesion, cohesion, evaporative cooling, and high specific heat

d)

nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates

24.

What are proteins made of?

a)

amino acids

b)

monosaccharides

c)

nucleic acids

d)

fatty acids

25.

Which carbon-based molecule includes sugar and starches?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

26.

What is the primary function of DNA?

a)

to make nucleic acids

b)

long term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

to function as RNA

27.

What is happening in this picture?

a)

an enzyme is binding a substrate together to form a product

b)

an enzyme is breaking down a substrate to release new products

c)

the active site of the enzyme does not fit the substrate

d)

a change in pH has damaged the enzyme

28.
Plants store glucose in the form of
a)
starch
b)
glycogen
c)
cellulose
d)
chitin
29.
Which type of carbohydrate is this?
a)
monosaccharide
b)
disaccharide
c)
polysaccharide
d)
glyceride
30.
All compounds that end in ASE are..
a)
Sugars
b)
Enzymes
c)
DNA
d)
Fats
31.
What is structure A?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
32.
What is structure D?
a)
Substrate
b)
Active site
c)
Enzyme
d)
Products
33.
This molecules is a
a)
amino acid
b)
nucleic acid
c)
carbohydrate
d)
lipid
34.

Fat, oil, butter and cream cheese are apart of which macromolecule group?

a)

amino acids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

lipids

d)

protein

35.

What is the monomer for carbohydrates? Remember: its the fancy word for sugar

a)

nucelotide

b)

monosaccaride

c)

nucleic acid

d)

polymer

36.

Which macromolecule has the function of quick energy?

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acids

37.

Which macromolecule has the function of long term energy or energy storage

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Lipids

d)

Protein

38.

What are two factors that can affect an enzymes ability to function?

a)

No changing

b)

temperature and pH

c)

night and day

d)

hot and cold

39.
Which of the four major biological macromolecules can be easily identified by the nitrogen base and phosphate found in its structure?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
40.
Nucleotides are monomers of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
41.
Proteins are made of... 
a)
C H O
b)
C H O N
c)
C H O N P
d)
C H O N S
42.
Which macromolecule stores energy, insulates us, and makes up the cell membrane?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
43.

How does an enzymes shape relate to its function?

a)

the shape of the enzyme has no relation to its function

b)

the enzyme is shaped specially for certain substrates to perform a specific reaction

c)

the enzyme shape acts as a receptor to certain products

d)

the enzyme shape can fit into specific substrates to cease a reaction

44.

Enzymes are an example of

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

45.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
46.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
47.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
48.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
49.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
50.

Changes in pH and temperature can ___________________ an enzyme which causes it to lose its shape and affects its function.

a)

puncture

b)

denature

c)

double

d)

delete

51.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
52.

The graphs show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH. Based on these data, the enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH?

a)

temperature of 27 degrees C and pH of 4

b)

temperature of 37 degrees C and pH of 6

c)

temperature of 40 degrees C and pH of 8

d)

temperature of 50 degrees C and pH of 10

53.

Which of the following has the correct monomer matched?

a)

Protein -> Nucleotide

b)

Carbohydrate -> Monosaccharide

c)

Lipids -> Amino Acid

d)

Nucleic Acid -> Glycerol & Fatty Acid

54.

Based on the graph, what pH does Enzyme C work best at?

a)

1.5

b)

6

c)

8

d)

9

55.
At high temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
56.
Which of the factors does NOT affect enzymatic activity?
a)
Temperature
b)
pH
c)
Concentration
d)
Color
57.

What is the optimal pH for this enzyme?

a)

6

b)

10

c)

9

d)

7

58.

A change that releases kinetic energy.

a)

Potential Energy

b)

Kinetic Energy

c)

Endothermic

d)

Exothermic

59.

A change that absorbs kinetic energy.

a)

Potential Energy

b)

Kinetic Energy

c)

Endothermic

d)

Exothermic

60.

O2(g) + 2 H2 (g) → 2 H2O (g) + EnergyO_2\left(g\right)\ +\ 2\ H_2\ \left(g\right)\ \rightarrow\ 2\ H_2O\ \left(g\right)\ +\ Energy  

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

61.

6 CO2+ 6 H2O + Energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O26\ CO_2+\ 6\ H_2O\ +\ Energy\ \rightarrow\ C_6H_{12}O_6\ +\ 6\ O_2

a)

endothermic reaction

b)

exothermic reaction

62.

Which type of reaction does this graph represent?

a)

exothermic reaction.

b)

endothermic reaction.

63.

The graph above is from which type of reaction?

a)

Endothermic reaction

b)

Exothermic Reaction

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