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Biology Semester Review Pt 1

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 2hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Large molecules made up of small monomers are called

a)

polymers

b)

peptides

c)

peptones

d)

monomers

2.
Proteins are composed of what smaller subunits?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleic acids
c)
fatty acids
d)
nucleotides
3.
A biological polymer that stores and transmits genetic information is a ...
a)
nucleic acid
b)
carbohydrate
c)
lipid
d)
protein
4.

Which of these are biomolecules? (Multiple Answers)

a)

CO2

b)

H2O

c)

C6H12O6

d)

Protein

e)

Lipids

5.

Many land plants store energy in starch. When energy is needed, the starch molecules can be broken down quickly. This chemical reaction produces which of the following?

a)

amino acids

b)

lipids

c)

monosaccharides

d)

RNA chains

6.

What kind of biomolecule is RNA?

a)

Lipid

b)

Nucleic Acid

c)

Amino Acid

d)

Protein

e)

Carbohydrate

7.

The creation of larger biomolecules out of smaller biomolecules is called?

a)

synthesis

b)

lysis

c)

metabolism

d)

fructose

8.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
Long-term energy storage
b)
Hormones
c)
Carry genetic information
d)
Bone and muscle development
9.
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid called?
a)
nucleotide
b)
fatty acid
c)
RNA
d)
monosaccharide
10.
Which biomolecule has the elements C, H, O, N?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
11.

Organisms living in a bog environment must be able to tolerate nitrogen-poor acidic conditions. Bog plants such as the Venus flytrap and sundew are able to obtain their nitrogen by attacking and consuming insects. These plants produce chemicals that break down the insects into usable compounds.

These chemicals present in the bog plants that break down the insects mentioned in the reading passage are most likely...

a)

hormones

b)

lipids

c)

enzymes

d)

carbohydrates

12.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
13.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
14.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
15.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
16.

Which 2 factors can affect the rate of enzyme activity?

a)

Light intensity

b)

Temperature

c)

pH

d)

Oxygen concentration

17.
Which of the following is NOT a biomolecule?
a)
Water
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Protein
d)
Lipid
18.
Which list the levels of organization in order from smallest to largest?
a)
cell-organ-tissue-biomolecules-organism
b)
biomolecules-organelles-cells-tissue-organ-organ system-organism
c)
organism-organ system-organ-tissue-cells-organelles-biomolecules
d)
organism-atom-cell-organ system-organ-biomolecules
19.
Two organs of the same system will-
a)
work together to perform a function
b)
work independently because they don't need each other
c)
be the same organs
d)
not work together
20.
What is a polymer?
a)
a large molecule made up of subunits (pieces)
b)
building blocks
c)
a small molecule made up of a single piece
d)
none of the above
21.

An organic molecule produced by a living organism to store energy, information, or to perform cellular processes is called a/an....

a)

biomolecule

b)

ionic compound

c)

covalent compound

d)

iambic pentameter

22.
Which biomolecule includes fats, such as triglycerides, oils, waxes, and steroids (cholesterol); insoluble in water; provides energy storage, insulation, part of cell membrane, and hormones 
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Protein
23.
This biomolecule is made up of fatty acids and makes up fats, oils, and waxes... It also makes up the cellular membrane in a cell***important to know!
a)
Lipids
b)
enzymes
c)
biology
d)
proteins
24.
If you looked at red blood cells under a microscope and saw the blood cells exploded, what would you say happened?
a)
The cells were placed in a hypotonic solution.
b)
the solution was isotonic.
c)
The solution was hypertonic.
25.
 If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.
a)
hypertonic-
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
26.
If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, the cell will _______.
a)
stay the same
b)
swell (get bigger)
c)
shrink (get smaller)
27.
 An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
a)
Stay the same
b)
Shrink- get smaller
c)
Swell- get bigger
28.
A balanced internal environment is called - 
a)
photosynthesis
b)
internal stimulus
c)
homeostasis
d)
external stimulus
29.

Passive movement of substances from high to low concentrations.

a)

diffusion

b)

active transport

c)

hydrolysis

d)

endocytosis

30.

Diffusion moves substances ______ a concentration gradient.

a)

up

b)

down

c)

across

d)

parallel to

31.

_____________ diffusion can be used by the cell to move larger polar molecules and ions across the membrane.

a)

facilitated

b)

simple

c)

complex

d)

helper

32.

Facilitated diffusion requires a channel or carrier _________ to aid in movement of substances across the membrane.

a)

protein

b)

carbohydrate

c)

phospholipid

d)

cholesterol

33.

Select all that apply.

Facilitated diffusion is an example of passive transport because

a)

substances move down a concentration gradient

b)

substances move from high to low concentration

c)

no energy is required

d)

the cell uses ATP in the process

34.
DNA is free floating, not in a nucleus
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
35.
DNA is a single strand and circular in shape
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
36.
No membrane-bound organelles
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
37.
Has membrane bound organelles
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
38.
Has nucleus
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
c)
both
39.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
40.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
41.
What type of cell does not have a nucleus?
a)
eukaryotic 
b)
prokaryotic 
42.
What type of cell has a nucleus? 
a)
eukaryotic
b)
prokaryotic 
43.
Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?
a)
Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
b)
Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
c)
Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
d)
A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 
44.

Cancer is...

a)

Uncontrolled cell growth

b)

Normal cell growth

c)

A protein

d)

A cell cycle regulator

45.
What is a gene?
a)
A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
b)
A chromosome
c)
A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
d)
Your genome
46.

How can a person's muscle cells have the same exact DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though the look and perform completely different?

a)

The two different cells become mutated

b)

The proteins expressed in each cell are different

c)

They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells.

d)

The genome of the different cells changes

47.

DNA molecules contain the genetic information that determines the characteristics of a living organism. How do DNA molecules express the genetic information they contain?

a)

By dividing uncontrollably causing cancer

b)

By traveling to the mitochondria for DNA synthesis

c)

By directing the process of protein synthesis

d)

By causing cellular respiration

48.

What is the role of mRNA?

a)

Transfers anticodons

b)

Makes a copy of DNA in the nucleus then travels from nucleus into the cytoplasm to deliver messages to the ribosome

c)

It has no role in protein synthesis

d)

It creates carbohydrates and transforms them into proteins

49.
What happens in the lytic cyle?
a)
Virus goes in and leaves the host cell
b)
Virus quickly kills the host cell
c)
Virus sleeps inside of the host cell
d)
Virus stay dormant for a long time
50.

This virus attacks the white blood cells (immune cells) of the human body. Eventually, the immune system cannot handle the viral invasion. This makes the body prone to attack from other viruses and bacteria. What is the name of this infectious viral disease?

a)

HIV

b)

Influenza

c)

Herpes

d)

Ebola

51.
What is one way that a lysogenic infection differs from a lytic infection?
a)
A lysogenic virus does not act on bacteria as a lytic virus does.
b)
A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active.
c)
A lysogenic virus contains RNA instead of DNA.
d)
A lysogenic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.
52.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms include a high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproductive cycle of the SARS virus is-

a)

lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus

b)

lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness

c)

lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people

d)

lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection

53.
This infectious viral disease has many symptoms, from chills, fever, and aching muscles to coughing and sneezing to nausea and vomiting. The symptoms show up within 2-7 days after the cell is infected.  This is an example of?
a)
Lytic Cycle
b)
Lysogenic Cycle
c)
Meiosis
54.
What is one of the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
energy
b)
glucose
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
water
55.
What are the products of aerobic respiration?
a)
Glucose and oxygen
b)
Carbon dioxide and water
c)
Lactic acid
d)
Carbon monoxide
56.
The mitochondria is responsible for ...
a)
photosynthesis
b)
anaerobic respiration
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
fermentation
57.
What is the function of ATP in living things?
a)
provides energy for cells
b)
stores genetic information
c)
provides structure in the nucleus
58.
What does the "TP" in ATP stand for?
a)
2 phosphates
b)
tri (3) phosphates
c)
Two proteins
d)
tri (3) proteins
59.

The correct equation for photosynthesis is...

a)

carbon dioxide + oxygen -> glucose + water

b)

Oxygen + water -> glucose + carbon dioxide

c)

glucose + water -> carbon dioxide + oxygen

d)

carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen

60.

Which of these pairs represents the reactants of photosynthesis?

a)

Oxygen and water

b)

Glucose and oxygen

c)

Water and glucose

d)

Carbon dioxide and water

61.

Which of these pairs represents the products of photosynthesis?

a)

Oxygen and water

b)

Glucose and oxygen

c)

Water and glucose

d)

Carbon dioxide and water

62.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
proteins
b)
nucleic acids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
63.
What are the components of a nucleotide?
a)
nitrogen base, phosphate group, and pentose sugar
b)
pentose sugar, purine, and pyrimidine
c)
nitrogen base and a phosphate group
d)
DNA, phosphate group, monosaccharide
64.

Which monomer of a biomolecule is shown?

a)

fatty acid

b)

amino acid

c)

nucleotide

d)

monosaccharide

65.

Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand

ATG TGA CAG?

a)

TAG ACT GTC

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

TAC ACA GTC

d)

TAC ACT CTC

66.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
67.

How does DNA regulate the genetic expression of an organism?

a)

The sequence of the nucleotides in the DNA is expressed by the actions of enzymes which express or inhibit certain parts of the DNA sequence.

b)

The amount of the nucleotides in the DNA is expressed by the actions of enzymes which express or inhibit certain parts of the DNA sequence.

c)

The sequence of the nucleotides in the DNA is transcribed by the organism as a whole unit, making all possible proteins at all times.

d)

The proteins act as genetic information carriers and turn on and off when needed by the cytoplasm.

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