“The practice or promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences”

“A special field of nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health, and some phases of social assistance and functions as part of the total public health programme for the promotion of health, the improvement of the conditions in the social and physical environment, rehabilitation of illness and disability.”

“A service rendered by a professional nurse with communities, groups, families, individuals at home, in health centers, in clinics, in schools, in places of work for the promotion of health, prevention of illness, care of the sick at home and rehabilitation.”

It encompasses “nursing practice in a wide variety of community services and consumer advocate areas, and in a variety of roles, at times including independent practice...community nursing is certainly not confined to public health nursing agencies.”

Community health nursing practice is comprehensive, general, continual, and episodic.

community

health nursing is under the public health nursing.

 Private company nurses and private school

nurses are community health nurses NOT a public health nurse.

Regular collection and

analysis of information. Identify the

needs of the people first, then match the program with the need

Development of local and state health policies using the information gathered. We can suggest

modifying the projects depending on the needs of the community.

Focuses on the availability

of necessary health services throughout the community. Quality assurance for

project implementation.

“The synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice applied to promoting

and preserving the health of populations”

“Application of the nursing process in caring for individuals, families,

and groups where they live, work, or go to school or as they move through the healthcare system”

the goal is preservation and protection of health

the goal is managing acute or chronic conditions

primary client is community

primary is individual and family

the service is direct and indirect

Indirect care is to change people’s behavior.

the service is direct

“The philosophy of CHN is based on the worth and dignity of a community” (Dr. M. Shetland)

In CHN, the client is considered as a passive partner and not an active recipient of care.

Ultimate goal of CHN is to have a

self-sustaining community.

urban health centers are the first contact of care.

patient in CHN

4 levels of clienteles

 A community can be described as a group of people sharing common geographic boundaries and/or common values and interests within a specific social system

Communities described in terms of its geographic

boundaries are called __ or __.

However, a community may also be described based on its function. They are called __ or __

3 types of communities

This type of communities are engage in joint activities and discussion, help each, share information with each other and care about their standing with each other

- Ex. ecovillages, co-housing communities, co-ops communities, religious communities

These consist of a set of personal relations, social networks, common interest and emotional sources of motivation - Ex. academic communities, recreation

communities, retirement communities

 These are large in terms of land area and population, advanced in science and technology, with favorable physical environment and diverse culture and the people are engaged in various occupations.

 Divisions of labor and occupational specialization are very common. There is a higher standard of living in these communities. There may be limited space, many crimes, lots of dangers and hazards and greater impersonality among neighbors. Informal settlers are rampant and family ties tend to be weak.

These are the communities that usually produce their own food for subsistence. They have a wider area and less pollution.

Generally, peace and order exists since there is greater personal interaction among neighbours, with deep, long-term relationships, and mutual give and take affairs. The vernacular is usually spoken, and they put emphasis on shared values. There are few establishments, institutions, goods and services.

×  The culture in this type of community is generally homogenous and they mostly believe in superstitions.

They are referred to as “World Community”, the international aggregate of nation-states. They usually have a common point of view towards issues of human rights, global warming and climate change, peace and order, socio=economic conditions as well as disputed issues such as territorial conflict.

× An example of this is the United Nations.

These the voluntary sector, non-profit sector and non-government organizations (NGOs). They are commonly called as the third sector.

A healthy community is one in which its members can be assured that they will have the services and resources that they will need to have a complete social, physical and mental well-being. These services and resources need accessibility, affordability, stability, diversity, safety and equity.

When atleast one from the systems and components in the community are functioning effectively and are working together to maintain the health status of the people, then that community is said to be healthy.

Health is, therefore, seen as the objective of living, not as a resource for everyday life

COMPONENTS OF A COMMUNITY

This element is considered as the most fundamental or essential characteristic or element of a community.

refers to a strong sense of belongingness. The group of people living in a definite locality has to have a sense of belonging with one another.

This results from a prolonged period of living together or being with one another which will give them a sense of emotional identity that will set them apart from the members of other communities.

A community has to have all the resources and services that the members will need. This will include residential areas, recreation facilities, schools, health care services, healthy food access, transportation facilities and quality infrastructure.

It is commonly observed that families with lower

income and have lower social status have no correlation to giving priority and attention to health concerns.

This is a study of the size, age structures, and economics of different populations.

Survey

-  observation

-  Informant interview

-  community forum

-  focus group discussion

Vital registries - birth and death

-  Health records and reports

-  disease registries

-  publications both print and electronic forms

(from DOH and Food and Nutrition)

-  census data (from the National Statistics Office

(NSO)

Average life expectancy for females (2004)

Average life expectancy for males (2004)

Dependency ratio is

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE

__ persons per minute are added to the

population

Average household size of _ persons

is the most densely populated area in the

NCR

The rate at which the population is increasing or decreasing in a given year due to natural increase and net migration expressed as a percentage of the base population

 The number of people living in each square kilometer of a geographic unit

×  Determines the congestion of a place

The ratio of the number of persons in the “dependent” ages (under 15 years and over 64 years) to that in the “economically productive ages (15 to 64 years old)

Less than half of the female population belong to the reproductive age (15-49 years)

Ever-married women have _ children on the average

Average age at first marriage is __ years

4 common health indicators