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WorksheetsThe Chemistry of Life Review
Total questions: 27
Worksheet time: 21mins
Which of these statements does NOT describes how organisms could use molecules of glucose?
Several glucose molecules could be assembled into a larger molecule
Glucose molecules could be broken apart to form smaller molecules
The atoms of glucose molecules could be combined with other elements to form a different molecule
Glucose molecules can be combined together to create DNA
What structural feature does glucose share with larger organic molecules, including DNA and proteins?
A basic structure, or backbone, formed by chains of carbon atoms
A ratio of 1 carbon atom to 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom
The presence of double covalent bonds
Strong bonds between carbon atoms that cannot be broken
Todd is comparing a model of a sugar molecule to a model of an amino acid. Which of the following evidence statements would be supported by the two models?
Sugars and amino acids are made of exactly the same elements
Sugars and amino acids have the same structure
Sugars and amino acids are made of the same elements except sugars also contain phosphorus
Sugars and amino acids are made of the same elements except amino acids also contain nitrogen
What is the best definition of "atom"?
pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
the basic unit of matter
smallest unit of most compounds that has all the properties of that compound
negatively charged particle
What is the best definition of "covalent bond"?
atom that has a positive or negative charge
chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
slight attraction that develops between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules
type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared
Paula is investigating a chemical reaction involving carbon compounds. Which of these results could NOT occur, according to scientific laws about chemical reactions, matter, and energy?
The reaction releases energy to the environment
The reaction absorbs energy from the environmnet
The reaction occurs faster in the presence of a certain protein
The mass of carbon in the products is greater than the mass of carbon in the reactants
What is the best definition of "molecule"?
smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound
pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
atom that has a positive or negative charge
the basic unit of matter
Two students are developing a computer simulation of a chemical reaction that forms amino acids. Their simulation uses colored spheres to represent atoms of different elements. It uses lines connecting the spheres to represent chemical bonds. For the simulation to be accurate, which of these features should be included?
lines that break and reform between the spheres
spheres that break apart into small pieces
lines that never break once they are placed
spheres that appear during the simulation of the reaction
What is the best definition of "hydrogen bond"?
force of attraction between different kinds of molecules
dissolving substance in a solution
weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom
attraction between molecules of the same substance
What is the best definition of "electron"?
negatively charged particle
atom that has a positive or negative charge
the basic unit of matter
smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound
What is the best definition of "cohesion"?
force of attraction between different kinds of molecules
substance that is dissolved in a solution
attraction between molecules of the same substance
dissolving substance in a solution
A cell gains energy by combining glucose with oxygen in a series of chemical reactions. The products are carbon dioxide and water. What is the source of this energy?
the forces that attract protons and neutrons
the breaking of chemical bonds
the kinetic energy of oxygen
strong forces within the reactants
Water is a polar molecule
True
False
What is the best definition of "adhesion"?
substance that is dissolved in a solution
attraction between molecules of the same substance
dissolving substance in a solution
force of attraction between different kinds of molecules
This macromolecule stores and transmits hereditary or genetic information
(a)
What is the best definition of "monomer"?
small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
subunit of which nucleic acids are composed
compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
molecules composed of many monomers
This macromolecule is a primary source of short-term energy
(a)
What is the best definition of "polymer"
subunit of which nucleic acids are composed
compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end
molecules composed of many monomers
small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
This macromolecule is long-term energy and provides a structural component of cell membranes
(a)
This macromolecule is used to build muscle
(a)
Atoms of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are found in all biological macromolecules. Which macromolecules are made ONLY of these three elements?
Carbohydrates only
Carbohydrates and Lipids
Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids
What is the best definition of "monosaccharide"?
elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
a simple sugar
What is cellulose?
A type of carbohydrate
A type of lipid
A type of protein
A type of Nucleic Acid
What is the best definition of "enzyme"?
Energy that is needed to get a reaction started
reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
Protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
What is the best definition of "catalyst"?
Protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reacton
Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
Energy that is needed to get a reaction started
What is the best definition of "substrate"?
Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction
Protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
Energy that is needed to get a reaction started
A carbon atom has four valence electrons. How do all living things depend on this property and other special chemical properties of the carbon atom?
