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NUMS T11 Nuclear physics

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Unit of decay constant

a)

m-1

b)

m

c)

sec

d)

s-1

2.

For a complete decay ______time is required.

a)

0s

b)

7 days

c)

100 years

d)

infinite

3.

Alpha particles are more damaging than x-rays by_____times

a)

10

b)

20

c)

30

d)

150

4.

Neutrons mainly cause damage to:

a)

Lungs

b)

eyes

c)

brain

d)

all

5.

A radioactive element of half life 5days decays 7/8th of its sample in how many days?

a)

3 days

b)

5 days

c)

7 days

d)

15 days

6.

A radioactive element of half life 24,000 years is stored up to 72,000 years.What fraction of it remains?

a)

1/2

b)

1/8

c)

1/16

d)

1/32

7.

If the radioactive substance reduces to 1/16 of its original mass in 40 days then its half-life is

a)

10 days

b)

40 days

c)

20 days

d)

4 days

8.

1 micro Curie of radioactivity is equal to

a)

3.7 × 104 Becquerel

b)

3.7 × 102 Becquerel

c)

3.7 × 107 Becquerel

d)

1 micro Becquerel

9.

The half-life of radium is about 1600 years. If a rock initially contains 1 g of radium, the amount left after 6400 years will be about

a)

938 mg

b)

62 mg

c)

16 mg

d)

31 mg

10.

Radioactive 90Sr has a half-life of 30 years. What percent of a sample of 90Sr will remain after 60 years?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75 %

11.

A count rate 240 per minute reduce to 30 counts per min in 1 hour. The half-life of source is

a)

80 min

b)

20 min

c)

30 min

d)

100 min

12.

210Bi (an isotope of bismuth) has a half-life of 5.0 days. The time for three-quarters of a sample of 210Bi to decay is:

a)

2.5 days

b)

15 days

c)

10 days

d)

20 days

13.

g- radiation are emitted due to

a)

De-excitation of atom

b)

De-excitation of nucleus

c)

Excitation of atom

d)

Excitation of nucleus

14.

Absorbed dose is defined as

a)

D = E/m

b)

D = m/ E

c)

D = Em

d)

D = 1/mE

15.

Emission of radiation from radioactive element is:

a)

Dependent on both temperature and pressure

b)

Independent of temperature but dependent on pressure

c)

Independent on both temperature and pressure

d)

Independent of pressure but dependent on temperature

16.

The half-life of is 5 days, if we start with 50, 000 atoms of this isotopes, the number of atoms left over after 10 days is

a)

50,000

b)

25,000

c)

12,500

d)

20,000

17.

The number of neutron in 73Li are:

a)

3

b)

4

c)

7

d)

2

18.

A beta particle is fast moving electron. During beta -decay how the Z and A of nucleus changes?

a)

Z A

Remains same Increases by 1

b)

Z A

Increase by 1 Decrease by 2

c)

Z A

Increase by 1 Remains same

d)

Z A

Decreases by 2 Decreases by 4

19.

The value of a in the following reaction is

94Be+ 42He= a6C +16n

a)

14

b)

10

c)

12

d)

16

20.

Ten grams of kept in an open container beta-decays with a half-life of 270 days. The weight of the material inside the container after 540 days will be very nearly

a)

10 g

b)

2.5 g

c)

1.25 g

d)

5 g

21.

The percentage of the original of a radioactive material left after five half-lives is approximately

a)

1%

b)

3%

c)

5%

d)

20%

22.

If 20 g of a radioactive substance reduces to 10 g in 4 minutes, then in what time will 80 g of the same substance reduce to 10 g?

a)

8 min

b)

12 min

c)

16 min

d)

20 min

23.

Different radioactive materials have

a)

Same half-life

b)

Different half life

c)

Same total life

d)

Both B& C

24.

The isotopes I-131 is used in the treatment of:

a)

Blood cancer

b)

Bone cancer

c)

Lung cancer

d)

Thyroid cancer

25.

cobalt-60 is used for treatment of

a)

Cancer

b)

Kidneys

c)

Lungs

d)

Thyroid

26.

The radioactivity of a nucleus becomes 1/64 of its initial value in 60 seconds. The half-life of nuclide is

a)

5 s

b)

10 s

c)

20 s

d)

30 s

27.

Half-life of a radioactive element is:

a)

Inversely proportional to the square of decay constant

b)

Directly proportional to the square of decay constant

c)

Directly proportional to the decay constant

d)

Inversely proportional to the decay constant

28.

There is no change in A and Z of any radioactive element by the emission of

a)

Alpha

b)

gamma

c)

beta

d)

X rays

29.

9038Sr decays to 9039Y by

a)

Emission of alpha particle

b)

Emission of beta particles

c)

Emission of 1 alpha and 2 beta particles

d)

Absorption of electrons

30.

A radioactive substance is at t=0, the number of atoms is 8×104. Its half-life period is 3 years. The number of atoms 1×104will remain after interval

a)

6 years

b)

9 years

c)

24 years

d)

19 years

31.

The decay constant of radium is 4.28×10-4 per year. Its half-life will be

a)

63 years

b)

1620 years

c)

2000 years

d)

1240 years

32.

A sample contains 16 gm of a radioactive material, the half-life of which is two days. After 32 days, the amount of radioactive material left in the sample is

a)

1gm

b)

12gm

c)

less than 1 mg

d)

14gm

33.

Half-life of a radioactive substance is T. The time taken for all the nuclei to disintegrate will be

a)

2T

b)

Infinite

c)

4T

d)

T2

34.

For skin cancer which of following can be used:

a)

Iodine 131

b)

Phosphorous 32

c)

Carbon 14

d)

Carbon 12

35.

The half-life of a radioactive element which has only 1/32 of its original mass left after a lapse of 60 days is

a)

64 days

b)

32 days

c)

60 days

d)

12 days

36.

Radioactivity is

a)

Irreversible process

b)

Spontaneous process

c)

Self-disintegration process

d)

All of the above

37.

The atomic number of an element is:

a)

the number of neutrons in its nucleus

b)

the number of protons in its nucleus

c)

the whole number nearest to its mass

d)

the nearest whole number of hydrogen atoms having the same mass as a single atom of the given element

38.

In which radioactive disintegration, neutron dissociates into proton and electron

a)

γ−emission

b)

He++emission

c)

β−emission

d)

Positron emission.

39.

A quark cannot have charge

a)

1/3 e

b)

2/3 e

c)

1/4 e

d)

none of these

40.

The activity of radioactive sample:

a)

Increases with time

b)

Is constant

c)

Decreases linearly with time

d)

Decreases exponentially with time

41.

During nuclear changes which of the following laws remain applicable

a)

Law of conservation of momentum

b)

Law of conservation of mass

c)

Law of conservation of energy

d)

All of these

42.

What percentage of radioactive substance is left after three half-lives?

a)

75%

b)

12.5 %

c)

25%

d)

87.5 %

43.

The rate of decay of radioactive element at a given instant of time is 103 disintegration/second. If the half-life of this element is 1 second, then the rate of decay after 2 second will be

a)

500 disintegration per sec

b)

250 disintegration per sec

c)

12 disintegration per sec

d)

125 disintegration per sec

44.

Among the three types of radioactive radiation, which have strongest penetration power?

a)

Alpha

b)

Gamma

c)

Beta

d)

All have same

45.

The initial activity of a sample of a radioactive isotope containing N0 nuclei is A0. What is the number of unchanged nuclei when the activity has declined to A•/2

a)

0.69 N•

b)

N•/2

c)

0.69N•/2

d)

N•/1.38

46.

One eight of the initial mass of certain radioactive isotope remains un-decayed after one hour. The half-life of the isotope in minutes is

a)

8

b)

30

c)

20

d)

45

47.

Curie is a unit of

a)

Energy of gamma rays

b)

Half – life

c)

Intensity of gamma rays

d)

Radioactivity

48.

Three quarks make up a

a)

Lepton

b)

Meson

c)

Baryon

d)

Quark

49.

Activity of a sample is initially 320 counts per second. At the end of 90 minutes it gives 40 counts per second. What is the half-life of the element in sample?

a)

30 minutes

b)

45 minutes

c)

60 minutes

d)

75 minutes

50.

Which of given is not correct

a)

Half-life of elements ranges from very small to very high

b)

All sample of radioactive element may decay in 10 half lives

c)

Half-life of radium is 1600 years

d)

Graph of No. of radioactive atoms and time is exponential