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WorksheetsLecture Exam #2
Total questions: 54
Worksheet time: 5hrs 30mins
Somatic cell division differs from reproductive cell division in all of the following ways EXCEPT?
somatic cell division involves any call of the body except germ cells
Somatic cell division is termed mitosis while reproductive cell division is termed meiosis
Somatic cell division produces identical cells with the same number and kind of chromosomes while reproductive cell division produces cell with half the number of chromosomes
Somatic cell division only occurs in the ovaries and testes
Which of the following is mismatched?
Prophase- Chromatin fibers condense into paired chromatids
Metapahse- Centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at the metaphase plate
Anaphase- Centromeres split and identical sets of chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase- Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear
Interphase- Mitotic spindle disappears
On the way to class, carl tripped and injured his arm. The next morning his arm was badly bruised and showed signs of inflammation. were the injured cells in his arm undergoing apoptosis necrosis?
Apoptosis
Necrosis
In the below image, look carefully at the structure labeled C. What happens to it during anaphase in somatic cell division?
the entire structure goes into one of the new cells being formed
the structure duplicates itself, and each new cell will get a complete "X" shaped structure
the center region splits, and each identical new cell gets one half of the "X" shaped structures
the center region splits, and both halves replicate, and two identical sections go into each new cell
none of these are correct statements on what is happening
Sister chromatids of a pair of homologous chromosomes form tetrads, and crossing-over (exchange of genetic information between regions of non-sister chromatids in the tetrad) occurs during which phase?
mitotic prophase
meiotic prophase l
mitotic metaphase
meiotic metaphase l
meiotic metaphase ll
cells are genetically programmed to die, responding to cell signals that can come from outside or inside the cell. this process is called necrosis and is a normal way to regulate cell numbers during fetal development and within tissues and organs after birth
true
false
DNA replication
can also be called mitosis
requires the use of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
takes place during S interphase of the cell cycle
reduces the number of chromosomes by half
Which of the following reduces the number of chromosomes by half?
separation of chromatids
separation of homologous chromosomes
cytokinesis
synapsis
What is nuclear division in a somatic cell called?
Cytokinesis
Meiosis
Mitosis
Prophase
Telophase
During this phase of the cell division, organelles duplicate and centrosome replication begins
Telophase
Interphase
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
During this phase of cell division, the centromeres split leading to separation and subsequent migration of the two members of a chromatid pair to opposite poles of the cell. the cleavage furrow also begins to develop during this phase
Telophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Interphase
Prophase
A
B
C
D
E
The basic types of human tissues are:
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, and Nervous
Epithelial, Membranous, Muscular, and Nervous
Muscular, Nervous, Epithelial, and Mesenteric
Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, and Glandular
Which types of cell junctions prevent the contents of organs from leaking into surrounding tissues?
Tight junctions
Adherens junctions
Desmosomes
Hemidesmosomes
Gap junctions
Which of the following statements is incorrect
Simple squamous epithelium consists of one layer of long thin rectangular cells
Stratified cuboidal epithelium consists of two or more layers of cube shaped cells
Pseudostratified epithelium has nuclei at different heights but all cells rest on the basement membrane
transitional epithelium is a type of stratified epithelium
All of the following characteristics are shared by all epithelial cells EXCEPT:
Cells are arranged in continuous sheets
there is little space between plasma membranes
All cells have lateral surfaces which face the adjacent cells o either side
The surface of the cell in contact with the basement membrane is the apical surface
Connective tissues and epithelia differ in that:
Most connective tissue is highly vascularized
Connective tissues consists of cells matrix and fibers
One type of connective tissue stores energy
Connective tissues are not found on body surfaces
The two differ in all of the above
Interstitial growth of cartilage refers to growth within the cartilage while appositional growth refers to growth at the outer surface
true
false
Which of the following statements is false?
In synovial membranes, synovial fluid lubricates and nourishes the cartilage that covers bones at moveable joints
serous membranes, such as the pericardium, line the thoracic cavity and cover the lungs
the skin is a cutaneous membrane
mucous membranes would be found lining the digestive tract, respiratory tract and reproductive tract
Cardiac and smooth muscle are striated
true
false
Which kind of tissue has dendrites that receive impulses and axons that conduct impulses?
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Tissue regeneration is possible if _____(cells) accomplish the repair
Fibroblasts
Parenchymal
Neuroglial
Amitotic
of the four basic tissue types, which one is able to generate electrical signals that can trigger muscles contractions or glandular secretions?
Epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscular tissue
nervous tissue
this tissue covers body surfaces and lines hollow organs such as the stomach and bladder
epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscular tissue
nervous tissue
these types of cell junctions anchor adjacent cells together and resist their separation during contractile activities
desmosomes and gap junctions
tight junctions and hemidesmosomes
adherens junctions and desmosomes
gap junctions and tight junctions
hemidesmosome and tight junction
A
B
C
D
E
this tissue has an extensive extracellular matrix, usually has many blood vessels, and provides oxygen and nutrients to overlying tissues
epithelial tissue
connective tissue
muscular tissue
nervous tissue
This type of epithelium has elastic properties. it is able to stretch and return to a less stretched condition. when stretched, the cells at the top flatten out and when relaxed they become rounded. what is this tissue?
stratified squamous
stratified cuboidal
stratified columnar
transitional
pseudostratified columnar
which type of exocrine gland are sebaceous (oil) glands?
merocrine
apocrine
holocrine
endoplasmic glands
vesicular glands
which of the following is not an example of an exocrine gland?
sweat glands
Sebaceous glands
mammary glands
pituitary gland
salivary glands
which property of epithelium enables it to form coverings and linings of the body?
epithelium is avascular
epithelium can regenerate rapidly
epithelium is attached at the basement membrane
epithelial cells are closely packed and the cells are tightly adhered to one another
which type of connective tissue provides the supporting framework for the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and red bone marrow?
reticular
loose
areolar
dense regular
adipose
this type of connective tissue has no direct blood supply in its extracellular matrix, which makes it slow to heal.
reticular
areolar
cartilage
dense irregular
adipose
which of the following is not an epithelial membrane
mucous membrane
serous membrane
synovial membrane
cutaneous membrane
which type of muscle tissue is under the voluntary control of our nervous system. we can consciously control the movement of this type of muscle
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
which part of a neuron typically receives input?
axon
dendrite
cell body
both axon and dendrite
Name the structure that secures the nail to the fingertip
eponychium
hyponychium
nail body
nail root
wounds that only damage the epidermis won't bleed because the epidermis is _____.
impermeable
avascular
keratinized
germproof
where are hair follicles located?
epidermis
reticular dermis
Sebaceous glands
papillary dermis
which gland produces sweat?
salivary gland
Sebaceous gland
sudoriferous gland
ceruminous gland
about 90% of the cells of the epidermis are of which type?
melanocytes
adipocytes
Keratinocytes
Merkel cells
Langerhans cells
which of the following is not a correct statement about melanin?
granules of melanin are produced and exported by melanocytes
Melanin granules are the source of skin pigmentation
melanin is necessary for the production of vitamin D by the skin
melanin pigment protects DNA from damaging UV light
melanin granules are taken up by keratinocytes
it takes about 4-6 weeks for a keratinocyte to form in the stratum basale, become keratinized in its journey through the upper layers of the epidermis, and to finally be sloughed off as a dead skin cell
true
false
the alternate name for the stratum basale, the stratum _____, suggests its role in forming new cells.
spinosum
granulosum
germinativum
lucidum
which cell makes a pigment that absorbs UV light?
A
B
C
D
which of the following functions of the skin explains the skin's pink hue?
cutaneous sensation
thermoregulation
blood reservior
protection
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium composes the...
dermis
hypodermis
superficial fascia
epidermis
subcutaneous layer
this layer is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes and to other cells by desmosomes
stratum corneum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
dense irregular connective tissue will be found in the
Subcutaneous (subQ) layer
dermis
Basement membane
epidermis
hypodermis
D
A
B
G
C
D
A
B
E
F
I
H
G
A
G
E
H
F
I
you stepped on a nail. list the sequential strata of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to reach the dermis.
corneum, granulosom, lucidum, spinosum, basale
corneum, lucidum, granulosom,
spinosum,
basale
basale, spinosum, granulosom,corneum
corneum, granulosom, spinosum,
basale
granulosom, spinosum, lucidum, corneum,
basale
