facilitate trade and prevent possible conflicts; record-keeping was also vital to keep records of history and culture to establish their identities as they relate other cultures and civilizations

security and protection; used in the discovery of places or the establishment of new alliances with other tribes

harnessed rich resources for survival; discovery of cures to, if not the prevention of, illnesses

better transportation, establishment of structures for protection from human attacks and natural disasters, and construction of bigger and stronger infrastructures

signs of technological advancement

writing system using word pictures and triangular symbols which were carved in clay to keep records of things with great historical value

built in mud or clay from the river, mixed with reeds producing sun-baked bricks

called the mountain of god; constructed using sun-baked bricks

4500-1900 BC

1700-220 BCE

bring water to farmlands and control flooding of rivers; increase agricultural production (for increasing population)

transportation and trading and in fostering culture, information, and technology

for farm work and food processes

for faster and more organized travels, they laid down sun-baked bricks on the ground; later poured bitumen, a black sticky substance similar to asphalt to smoothen the _________

dig the earth faster for cultivation of larger parcels of land

Great builders, engineers and architects; major contribution - Hanging Gardens of Babylon although there’s no physical evidence to prove its existence.

invention of thinner, lighter sheets on which they could write down things.

system of writing/ language that tells modern world of Egyptians' history and culture

soots with different chemicals produce ink with different colors.

for health and aesthetics reasons; belief - person wearing make-up was protected from evil and that beauty was a sign of holiness

to enhance the appearance of people, to protect the shaved heads of the wealthy from the harmful rays of the sun

to measure time

for time-keeping

(agricultural processes) milling of grains; other ways of food processing.

Gazette

Romans architects, inspired by Greeks--adapt new building and engineering technology on architectural designs.

number system that met their increasing communication and trade concerns.

to produce paper and clothing

made of stone, brick, wood, earth and other materials—showcased Chinese engineering technology that time; protected China from foreign invaders

mixed charcoal, sulfur, and potassium nitrate; originally developed to create an elixir of life to achieve immortality, to prolong life; they accidentally invented a black powder which is used to propel bullets from guns and cannonsàdeath

500-1500 AD

Invented Printing Press

using a cast type (wooden machine that extracted juices from fruits, with attached meta impression of the letters that pressed firmly the cast metal into a piece of ---------- which made an exact impression on ----------

device used to observe organisms normally invisible to the naked eye; .key in discovering new means in preventing and curing various illnesses

this device made travelling and navigation easier and safer

wars resulted to development of weapons to attack enemies at long ranges; also close-range hand-to-hand combat, protective body armors were created and made lighter.

1450-1850 AD

•      Massive invasions and migrations; technology viz weaponry, navigation, mass food/farm production, and health.

Booming world population  (19th century onwards) demanded more goods be produced at faster rate & transported/traded through more efficient means

Pasteurization

process of heating dairy products to kill harmful bacteria that allow them to spoil faster; kept manufactured food--milk and other dairy products from deteriorating immediately

Petroleum Refinery

Telephone

allowed people to connect and communicate with each other in real time.

made arithmetic calculations easier; development of more complex processing machines, eg, computer

which can travel on land and water; this has benefitted many Filipinos

Salamander Amphibious Tricycle

mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, music theorist

He thought that all celestial objects — including the planets, Sun, Moon, and stars — orbited Earth (geocentric). Earth as center of the universe, and did not move at all

Polish mathematician and astronomer, physician, classics scholar, translator, governor, diplomat, economist, doctorate in canon law; challenged Ptolemic model

Heliocentrism

Theory of evolution

changed people’s perception of psychology with his theory of psychoanalysis - study that explains human behavior, a clinical method of treating psychopathology. Conscious and unconscious factors influence behavior and emotions.

Internal Influences

External Influences

a.      Integrating ASEAN awareness in basic education without adding to the curriculum

b.      Emphasizing teaching in the mother tongue

c.      Developing school infrastructure and providing for ICT broadband

d.      Local food security

a.      Emphasizing degrees, licenses, and employment opportunities

b.      Outright grants of peer monitoring

c.      Review of R.A 9184

d.      Harnessing science and technology as an independent mover of development

a.      Ensuring compliance of drug-manufacturing firms with ASEAN-harmonized standards by full implementation of Food and Drug Administration

b.      Creating an education council dedicated to standardization of pharmaceutical services and care

c.      Empowering food and drug agencies to conduct evidence-based research as pool of information

d.      Allocating two percent of the GDP to research

Legislating a law supporting human genome projects

a.      Protecting and conserving biodiversity by full implementation of existing laws

b.      Use biosafety and standard model by ASEAN countries

c.      Promoting indigenous knowledge systems and indigenous people’s conservation

d.      Formulation of common food and safety standards

outstanding research on tissue culture in Philippine

observing the characteristics of Antarctica by using satellite images

known internationally in the field of electrical engineering; was elected as officer of the famous Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

notable for research on sea snail venom

for research on herbal medicine

for the research on tilapia culture

for inventing the meconium drug testing

for doing research on plant biotechnology

for being an outstanding educator and graph theorist

for doing research in the field of communication technology

internationally renowned physicist

famous scientist in marine science

chemist and president of National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) -Philippines

marine science

Meaning of 'buen vivir'

It is a knowledge or a system of knowledge covering general truths or the operation of general laws especially as obtained and tested through scientific method”

The practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area

The application of science and mathematics by which the properties of matter and the sources of energy in nature are made useful to people

It is an enduring and cooperating social group whose members have developed organized patterns of relationships through interaction with one another