WorksheetsLecture Exam 1: Integumentary System (Epidermis, Dermis, Hypo.)
Total questions: 26
Worksheet time: 14mins
Parts of the Skin:
Epidermis
Dermis
Integument
Hypodermis
Integument:
acts as a physical barrier — protecting your body from bacteria, infection, injury, and sunlight. It also helps regulate your body temperature and allows you to feel skin sensations like hot and cold.
insulating your body, protecting your body from harm, storing energy, and connecting your skin to your muscles and bones.
Hypodermis:
acts as a physical barrier — protecting your body from bacteria, infection, injury, and sunlight. It also helps regulate your body temperature and allows you to feel skin sensations like hot and cold.
insulating your body, protecting your body from harm, storing energy, and connecting your skin to your muscles and bones.
What type of tissue is the epidermis?
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Thick Skin Epidermis
Palms
Fingertips
Soles of feet
Forearm
Stratum basale (also called germinativum):
• Deepest layer
• Epidermal ridges (fingerprints – see
below)
• Actively dividing cells (stem cells)
• Melanocytes
• Merkel cells
• Cells ÷ increased thickness
• Cells attach by desmosomes
• Langerhan’s cells
• Organelles disentegrate
• increase protein & enzyme content
• Granules form:
• Keratin production
• Glycolipids (water
resistance)
• Insensible perspiration
• Only present in thick skin
• Most superficial layer
• Dead, keratinized cells
• Constantly shed (40
lbs/lifetime!)
• Keratinocyte life span: ~
6 weeks
Stratum spinosum
• Deepest layer
• Epidermal ridges (fingerprints – see
below)
• Actively dividing cells (stem cells)
• Melanocytes
• Merkel cells
• Cells ÷ increased thickness
• Cells attach by desmosomes
• Langerhan’s cells
• Organelles disentegrate
• increase protein & enzyme content
• Granules form:
• Keratin production
• Glycolipids (water
resistance)
• Insensible perspiration
• Only present in thick skin
• Most superficial layer
• Dead, keratinized cells
• Constantly shed (40
lbs/lifetime!)
• Keratinocyte life span: ~
6 weeks
Stratum granulosum
• Deepest layer
• Epidermal ridges (fingerprints – see
below)
• Actively dividing cells (stem cells)
• Melanocytes
• Merkel cells
• Cells ÷ increased thickness
• Cells attach by desmosomes
• Langerhan’s cells
• Organelles disentegrate
• increase protein & enzyme content
• Granules form:
• Keratin production
• Glycolipids (water
resistance)
• Insensible perspiration
• Only present in thick skin
• Most superficial layer
• Dead, keratinized cells
• Constantly shed (40
lbs/lifetime!)
• Keratinocyte life span: ~
6 weeks
Stratum lucidum
• Deepest layer
• Epidermal ridges (fingerprints – see
below)
• Actively dividing cells (stem cells)
• Melanocytes
• Merkel cells
• Cells ÷ increased thickness
• Cells attach by desmosomes
• Langerhan’s cells
• Organelles disentegrate
• increase protein & enzyme content
• Granules form:
• Keratin production
• Glycolipids (water
resistance)
• Insensible perspiration
• Only present in thick skin
• Most superficial layer
• Dead, keratinized cells
• Constantly shed (40
lbs/lifetime!)
• Keratinocyte life span: ~
6 weeks
Stratum corneum
• Deepest layer
• Epidermal ridges (fingerprints – see
below)
• Actively dividing cells (stem cells)
• Melanocytes
• Merkel cells
• Cells ÷ increased thickness
• Cells attach by desmosomes
• Langerhan’s cells
• Organelles disentegrate
• increase protein & enzyme content
• Granules form:
• Keratin production
• Glycolipids (water
resistance)
• Insensible perspiration
• Only present in thick skin
• Most superficial layer
• Dead, keratinized cells
• Constantly shed (40
lbs/lifetime!)
• Keratinocyte life span: ~
6 weeks
The epidermis is located above the dermis
True
False
Keratinocytes
most abundant
skin pigment
macrophages (defense)
touch receptors
Melanocytes
most abundant
skin pigment
macrophages (defense)
touch receptors
Langerhans Cells
most abundant
skin pigment
macrophages (defense)
touch receptors
Merkel Cells
most abundant
skin pigment
macrophages (defense)
touch receptors
Cells continue to the stratum corneum where they flatten and lose organelles and nuclei. The keratohyalin granules turn tonofibrils into a homogenous keratin matrix.
True
False
Epidermal is vascular
True
False
The blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to the skin and take away cell waste and cell products in the epidermis. The blood vessels also transport the vitamin D produced in the skin back to the rest of the body.
True
False
Cells of the epidermis anchored to each other and the basement membrane are connected to each other via a desmosome to allow quicker diffusion between cells.
True
False
All individuals have ~ the same # of melanocytes
True
False
Genetics and exposure to sunlight dictate the quantity and type of melanin deposited
True
False
Genetics and exposure to sunlight dictate the quantity and type of melanin deposited
True
False
Reticular layer (deep)
Areolar CT
• Supports & nourishes the epidermis
• Capillaries & nerves
Dense, irregular CT
• Collagen fibers = strength
• Elastic fibers = stretch & recoil
Papillary layer:
Areolar CT
• Supports & nourishes the epidermis
• Capillaries & nerves
Dense, irregular CT
• Collagen fibers = strength
• Elastic fibers = stretch & recoil
Which type of sweat glands is predominately active in thermoregulation?
Eccrine sweat gland
Exocrine sweat gland
Eccrine glands help to thermoregulate the body.
True
False
