The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals efficiently and effectively.

A measure of how efficiently and effectively a manager uses resources to satisfy customers and achieve organizational goals.

A measure of how well or productively resources are used to achieve a goal.

A measure of the appropriateness of the goals an organization is pursuing and the degree to which the organization achieves those goals.

Identifying and selecting appropriate goals is one of the four principal tasks of management.

A cluster of decisions about what goals to pursue, actions to take, and how to use resources to achieve those goals.

Structuring working relationships in a way that allows organizational members to work together to achieve organizational goals is one of the four principal tasks of management.

A formal system of task and reporting relationships coordinates and motivates organizational members to work together to achieve organizational goals.

Articulating a clear vision and energizing and enabling organizational members so they understand the part they play in achieving organizational goals one of the four principal tasks of management.

Evaluating how well an organization is achieving its goals and taking action to maintain or improve performance; is one of the four principal tasks of management.

A group of people who work together and possess similar skills or use the same knowledge, tools, or techniques to perform their jobs.

A manager who is responsible for the daily supervision of nonmanagerial employees.

A manager supervises first-line managers and is responsible for finding the best way to use resources to achieve organizational goals.

A manager who establishes organizational goals decides how departments should interact, and monitors the performance of middle managers.

A group composed of the CEO, COO, and the vice presidents of the most critical departments of a company.

The ability to analyze and diagnose a situation and to distinguish between cause and effect.

The job-specific knowledge and techniques required to perform an organizational role.

The specific departmental skills, knowledge, and experience allow one organization to outperform another.

An individual who notices opportunities and decides how to mobilize resources necessary to start a new business venture.