The condensed form of chromatin is known as ____________.

The double helix of DNA is made up of ____________________.

The double helix is wraped around _____________.

The uncondensed form of chromosomes is known as ____________.

The twisted molecule made up of two strands that contains hereditary information is known as ______________.

A nucleotide consists of the following:

Which bases are purines?

Which bases are pyrimidines?

The strands of the double helix run in opposite directions this is known as _____________.

What type of bond is formed between bases?

What makes up the backbone of the double helix?

What base always pairs with thymine?

What base always pairs with cytosine?

If a DNA sequence has the following: 5'ACTCCGAAT3'. What would be the complimentary strand?

Which sugar is found in RNA?

Which sugar is found in DNA?

Which of the following are bases found in DNA?

Which of the following are bases found in RNA?

Which of the following is double stranded?

Which of the following is single stranded?

Which of these is confined to the nucleus?

Which of these is not confined to the nucleus?

In prokaryotes, the entire genome is located on a single chromosome found in the _________ region of the cell.

When DNA is wrapped very tightly it is described as ______________?

Small pieces of non essential DNA commonly found in prokaryotes is known as ___________.

Eukaryotic DNA is separated from everything in the cell becuase it is housed in the __________.

Which stage of DNA replication is described as DNA polymerase adding complimentary base pairs to create a new strand?

Which stage of DNA replication is described as helicase unzipping the double helix?

Which stage of DNA replication is described as when two complementary strands are complete and bound together?

DNA replication is known as ___________________ becuase each new molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand.

Which enzyme unzips DNA separating two stands?

Which enzyme joins small fragments into a continuous chain?

Which enzyme adds complementary nucleotides to the elongating chain?

When DNA polymerase is able to continually add bases until the strand is complete it is known as the _________ strand?

When DNA polymerase cannot continually add bases until the strand is complete it is known as the _________ strand?

On the lagging strand, the pieces of nucleotides that are added are known as __________________.

What is at the end of a DNA strand? It is a repitive sequence that repeats 100-1000 times, and helps to extend the life of a cell.

Telomeres allow for shortening of the DNA to take place without losing necessary genes.

Which enzyme replaces telomere as they are lost after DNA replication?

DNA polymerase has the ability to proofread and replace bases as needed.

If DNA polymerase misses an incorrect base pair, then this mechanism is activated which allows enzymes to recognize incorrect bases and replace them.

To repair incorrect bases the DNA can be unwound and the strands unzipped, the incorrect base with be removed and then replaced by DNA polymerase, this repiar mechanism is known as _____________.

The central dogma describes how DNA is made from proteins.

When DNA is turned into mRNA, it is known as __________.

When mRNA is turned into a polypeptide chain, it is known as __________.

Which processes takes place in the nucleus?

Which processes takes place in the cytoplasm?

Codons are

Initiation, elongation, and termination are all steps for which process

When RNA polymerase binds to the promoter on DNA and causes it to unwind and unzip, it is which stage?

When RNA polymerase moves along the DNA making a complimentary mRNA strand, it is which stage?

When RNA polymerase encounters a terminator sequence, stops transcribing DNA, and releases immature mRNA, it is which stage?

RNA splicing removes _______ from the immature mRNA and joins ________ to produce a continuous mRNA molecule.

These are added to the mRNA moleucle to protect it when it enters the cytoplasm.

mRNA has to travel to the cytoplasm and meet up with a mitochondria to be tranlated.

_________ describes the specific sequence that determines which proteins are made and ultimately dictates structure and function of cells

When more than one codon gives you the same amino acid?

When any one codon codes for only one amino acid?

AUG codes for which amino acid?

UAA, UAG, and UGA code for which amino acid?

UUU code for which amino acid?

CAA code for which amino acid?

Which of the followign RNAs is made by RNA polymerase from the DNA sequence?

Which of the followign RNAs makes up ribosomes?

Which of the following RNAs brings in amino acids and adds them to the growing polypeptide chain?

As tRNA molecules continue to add amino acids to a growing peptide chain and mRNA is read, it is which stage?

tRNA is bound to a specific amino acid, what does a tRNA molecule have that matches up to a condon on mRNA?

When mRNA attaches to the small subunit of a ribosome and is read until "AUG" is found which causes a tRNA and the large subunit to bind is which step of translation?

The peptide chain continues to grow until a stop codon which leads to the dissociation of all machinery and the polypeptide chain?

If a mutation is harmless it is known as a _________ mutation.

All mutations are harmful.

Mutations can be spontaneous or induced by mutagens.

The ability to turn a gene "on" is known as

Prokaryotic gene regulation takes place at which levels

Eukaryotic gene regulation takes place at which levels

In prokaryotes, transcription and translation happen at the same time.