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WorksheetsFINAL EXAM IN BACTERIOLOGY (B)
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins
Which genera of the Enterobacteriaceae are known to cause diarrhea and are considered enteric pathogens?
Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Providencia, and Proteus
Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Acinetobacter, and Aeromonas
Enterobacter, Citrobacter, and Morganella
Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia
What organism presents as a pink colony with a halo on MacConkey media and a green metallic sheen on EMB?
Salmonella enterica
Escherichia coli
Proteus mirabilis
Klebsiella pneumonia
Direct spread of pneumonic plague disease occurs by which route?
Rat bite
Fecal–oral route
Inhalation of contaminated airborne droplets
Ingestion of contaminated tissue
What are the primary antigens used in serologic grouping of salmonellae?
Somatic A antigen and flagellar O antigens
Capsular A antigen and somatic O antigen
Flagellar H antigen and somatic O antigen
Flagellar H antigen and capsular A antigen
Why is it that most cases of salmonella food poisoning are not treated with antibiotics?
The organisms are very resistant to antibiotics.
Antibiotics cannot reach the organisms, as they are deeply embedded in the intestinal walls.
Antibiotics would only kill the bacteria, then release the endotoxins into the blood, making things worse.
The disease is self-limiting and will subside on its own.
The Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 is associated with all the following EXCEPT:
Hemorrhagic diarrhea
Liver damage
Colitis
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
A microbiologist is reading a stool culture and notices a very moist and mucoid pink colony on MacConkey agar. What is the most likely organism?
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Escherichia coli
Proteus vulgaris
Acinetobacter
What two bacteria produce swarming colonies on nonselective media such as sheep blood agar (SBA)?
Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli
Proteus vulgaris and Proteus mirabilis
Enterobacter aerogenes and Serratia marcescens
Proteus pannier and Klebsiella pneumoniae
What organism in the genus Providencia is incriminated in nosocomial outbreaks in burn units and has been isolated from urine cultures?
Providencia heimbachae
P. alcalifaciens
P. stuartii
P. rustigianii
What is the name of the organism that has been a documented cause of nursery outbreaks of neonatal meningitis and brain abscesses?
Citrobacter freundii
C. asteroides
C. braakii
C. koseri
What organism possesses the Vi antigen?
Salmonella serotype Typhi
S. sonnei
Shigella sonnei
Citrobacter freundii
Characterized by stool with RBCs, neutrophils, and mucus and cause Shigella like infection.
EPEC
EHEC
EIEC
ETEC
The following are correct about Proteus, EXCEPT:
Source of antigens for Widal Test
Can cause UTI, bacteremia, pneumonia, nosocomial infections
EITHER
NEITHER
What substance, when produced by Salmonella spp. that cause gastroenteritis, has been implicated as a significant virulence factor?
Hyaluronidase
Protease
Enterotoxin
Endotoxin
Klebsiella spp.
Motile
Without capsule
Either
Neither
Which Pseudomonas is usually associated with a lung infection related to cystic fibrosis?
P. flfluorescens
P. aeruginosa
P. putida
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Which organism is associated with immunodeficiency syndromes and melioidosis (a glanders-like disease in Southeast Asia and northern Australia)?
Pseudomonas stutzeri
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas putida
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Which one of the virulence factors associated with Haemophilus spp. plays the most significant role in the invasiveness of the organism?
Pili
IgA protease
Capsule
Enterotoxin
What organism causes Brazilian purpuric fever (BPF)?
Haemophilus parainfluenzae
H. aphrophilus
H. aegyptius
H. influenzae biogroup aegyptius
Which species of Haemophilus requires both X and V factors?
H. parainfluenzae
H. aphrophilus
H. influenzae
H. paraphrophilus
What is the drug of choice for treating a life-threatening illness caused by H. influenzae?
Penicillin
Macrolides
Aminoglycosides
Ceftriaxone
The HACEK group includes all of the following EXCEPT:
Haemophilus spp.
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
Cardiobacterium hominis
Clostridium difficile
What are the names of the two diseases caused by Legionella species?
Rabbit fever and Pontiac fever
Scalded skin syndrome and Legionnaire’s disease
Malta fever and undulating fever
Legionnaire’s disease and Pontiac fever
What is the specimen of choice for Bordetella species?
Throat cultures
Nasopharyngeal swabs
Bronchial aspirations
Sputum specimens
Which Haemophilus species is difficult to isolate and recover from genital ulcers and swollen lymph nodes?
H. haemolyticus
H. parahaemolyticus
H. ducreyi
H. aphrophilus
Infections with Vibrio spp. can be contracted in all of the following situations EXCEPT:
Increased travel to either coastal or cholera-endemic areas
Increased consumption of seafood (particularly uncooked)
Greater numbers of Vibrio spp. in the environment
Increased use of recreational water facilities
What disease manifests in acute cases as a severe gastroenteritis, accompanied by vomiting followed by diarrheic stools that are described as rice water and occur 10 to 30 times a day?
Cholera
Typhoid
Dysentery
Food poisoning
What is the name of the organism that is responsible for “summer diarrhea” in Japan?
Vibrio cholerae
V. vulnificus
V. parahaemolyticus
V. trota
A patient is brought to the emergency department with a severe case of gastroenteritis. The patient experienced gastrointestinal upset after eating raw oysters. What organism can be the culprit of this patient’s condition?
Vibrio trota
V. parahaemolyticus
V. cholerae
V. vulnificus
What organism is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide?
Campylobacter jejuni
C. fetus
C. lari
C. coli
Organism that is strongly associated with gastric, peptic, and duodenal ulcers as well as GI carcinoma.
Campylobacter jejuni
H. rectus
Helicobacter pylori
C. curvus
A microbiologist is working the miscellaneous bench reading stool cultures. The campy plate from a culture has growth on the plate that was incubated at 42° C. The colonies are nonhemolytic, moist, “runny looking,” and spreading. The Gram stain shows tiny gram-negative rods with some S-shapes and seagull-wing shapes. What is growing on the plate?
Aeromonas
Helicobacter
Campylobacter
Acinetobacter
What is the name of the group of bacteria that are slightly curved, gram-positive rods often referred to as club-shaped or Chinese letters when viewed in a Gram stain?
Corynebacterium
Staphylococcus
Neisseria
Listeria
Which of the following is true about Nocardia spp.?
These organisms grow well on standard nonselective media.
Growth may take a week or more.
Infections occur in immunocompromised patients.
All of the above.
What organism is responsible for spontaneous abortion and stillborn neonates and can cause meningitis with a fatality rate approaching 50% in newborns?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Rhodococcus equi
Rothia dentocariosa
Listeria monocytogenes
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae produces all the following diseases EXCEPT:
Septicemia
Meningitis
Endocarditis
Erysipeloid
All the following are general characteristics of the genus Bacillus EXCEPT:
Aerobic
Gram positive
Form endospores
Cocci
The symptoms of gastrointestinal anthrax include all the following EXCEPT:
Abdominal pain
Rice water stools
Bloody diarrhea
Vomiting
What antibiotic, in 2000, was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for post exposure inhalation anthrax?
Penicillin
Erythromycin
Cephalosporin
Ciprofloxacin
What organism is a member of the human oropharyngeal flora, but has been isolated from people with endocarditis?
Listeria monocytogenes
Rhodococcus equi
Rothia dentocariosa
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Gonococcal infections occur primarily in all the following sites EXCEPT:
Urethra
Endocervix
Uterus
Anal canal
What is the common manifestation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in men?
Painful ejaculation and prostatitis
Purulent discharge and dysuria
Dysuria and prostatitis
Purulent discharge and painful ejaculation
If a male is infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, what would be the results of a Gram stain of purulent discharge from his urethra?
Many polymorphonuclear white blood cells, some with gram-negative intracellular diplococci and gram-negative diplococci
Many mononuclear white blood cells, gram-negative cocci
Few white blood cells, many red blood cells, and gram-negative rods
Many polymorphonuclear white blood cells, some gram-negative intracellular rods, and gram-negative rods
Why do Thayer-Martin and Martin-Lewis media have antibiotics added?
To permit the growth of Neisseria spp., Mycoplasma spp., and Ureaplasma spp., because these organisms use the antibiotics as growth factors
To allow the growth of gram-negative rods
To allow the growth of gram-positive rods
To prevent overgrowth of normal florae
Under what conditions should inoculated plates for Neisseria gonorrhoeae culture be incubated?
35° C and 3% to 5% carbon dioxide
25° C and room air
35° C and room air
25° C and 3% to 5% carbon dioxide
What is the name of the condition in which there is hemorrhage in the adrenal glands?
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
Leventhal-Stall
Waldenström’s
Niemann-Pick
If a Gram stain of urethral discharge from a male has more than four polymorphonuclear leukocytes per field but no bacteria, what organism is suspected of causing the infection?
Neisseria meningitidis
Chlamydia trachomatis
N. gonorrhoeae
C. pneumoniae
What disease can newborns acquire through a birth canal infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
Conjunctivitis
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Ophthalmitis
Blindness
What is a major cause of pelvic inflammatory disease in women?
Untreated gonococcal cervicitis
Untreated meningococcal cystitis
Treated gonococcal cervicitis
Treated meningococcal cystitis
How is Neisseria meningitidis spread?
Contaminated food
Respiratory droplets
Airborne
Blood borne
What is the cell wall of streptococci and enterococci made out of?
Lipopolysaccharide and carbohydrates
Protein A and phospholipids
Cholesterol and teichoic acid
Teichoic acid and peptidoglycan
Which of the following is the drug of choice for treating most streptococcal infections?
Erythromycin
Cephalothin
Penicillin
Gentamicin
What causes the red spreading rash in scarlet fever?
Hyaluronidase
Streptolysin O
Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins
Streptolysin S
Which group of streptococci is associated with erythrogenic toxin production?
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group G
S. pneumoniae and the viridans streptococci can be
differentiated by which test?
CAMP test
Bacitracin disk test, 0.04 unit
Optochin disk test, 5 μg/mL or less
Bile esculin test
The quellung test is used to identify which Streptococcus species?
S. pyogenes
S. agalactiae
S. sanguis
S. pneumoniae
A non–spore-forming, slender gram-positive rod forming palisades and chains was recovered from a vaginal culture and grew well on tomato juice agar. The most likely identification is:
Lactobacillus spp.
Bacillus spp.
Streptococcus spp.
Neisseria spp.
Staphylococcus epidermidis (coagulase negative) is recovered from which of the following sources?
Urinary tract
Intravenous catheters
Prosthetic heart valves
All of these option
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is best differentiated from Staphylococcus epidermidis by resistance to:
5 μg of lysostaphin
5 μg of novobiocin
10 units of penicillin
0.04 unit of bacitracin
What is the function of protein A in the cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus?
To keep the structural integrity of the cell wall and keep out antibiotics
To bind the IgG and prevent phagocytosis
To bind the IgM and inactivate natural killer cells
To block the activation of the complement cascade
Infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus are suppurative, meaning:
These infections ooze lymph fluid.
The infection is filled with pus and necrotic tissues.
The acute inflammatory response gorges the area with red blood cells.
The toxins activate the coagulation system, which isolates the infection.
This is a rare but potentially fatal multisystem disease characterized by high fever, hypotension, and shock, and it is associated with highly absorbent tampons.
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Scalded skin syndrome
Bullous impetigo
Toxic shock syndrome
Infections by this organism are predominantly hospital acquired, and some predisposing factors include catheterization, medical implantation, and immunosuppressive therapy.
Staphylococcus aureus
S. intermedius
S. epidermidis
S. saprophyticus
The tests used to detect clumping factor will differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococcal species. What are these tests?
Novobiocin and hemolysin A
Coagulase and latex agglutination
Complement fixation and coagulase
Latex agglutination and enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
Which is the specimen of choice for proof of food poisoning by Bacillus cereus?
Sputum
Blood
Stool
Food
Can cause bacterial vaginosis with fishy odor discharge and characterized by "clue cells".
(a)
Safety pin appearance
(a)
Shigella Group C
(a)
Tumbling motility
(a)
Mercury droplet colonies
(a)
K Antigen: (a) antigen
Characteristic: rice watery stool
(a)
H. aegypticus causes pink eye (a)
Streptococcus : Catalase ________________
POSITIVE
NEGATIVE
Group B in Lancefield classification
(a)
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: (a) growth in semi solid medium
Montezuma's revenge
ETEC
EIEC
Haemophilus means: (a)
Febrile disease without pulmonary involvement
(a)
Your favorite bacteria :)
