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Characteristics of the Universe

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The Hubble space telescope is a

a)

gamma-ray telescope

b)

reflecting telescope

c)

refracting telescope

d)

radio telescope

2.

The most common element in a star is

a)

hydrogen

b)

helium

c)

carbon

d)

sodium

3.

To measure the distance to a nearby star, an astronomer would use which unit?

a)

light-year

b)

astronomical unit

c)

kilometer

d)

miles

4.

To measure the distance to a nearby star, an astronomer uses

a)

visible light

b)

quasars

c)

parallax

d)

a spectrograph

5.

To measure the distance to a nearby planet, an astronomer might use which unit?

a)

light-year

b)

astronomical unit

6.

Stars more massive than our sun....

a)

live longer than our Sun

b)

are redder than our Sun

c)

have shorter lives than our Sun

d)

live just as long as our Sun

7.

Our sun (and solar system) formed about 5 billion years ago out of a

a)

pulsar

b)

supergiant

c)

black hole

d)

nebula

8.

The Sun in a main sequence star.

a)

true

b)

false

9.

Telescopes (arrays) that detect radio waves from stars are called _______ telescopes.

a)

radio

b)

reflecting

c)

refracting

d)

optical

10.

Pulsars are a kind of neutron star.

a)

true

b)

false

11.

More than half of all stars are ______ stars.

a)

single

b)

binary (two) and tertiary (three)

12.

To which group do most stars belong?

a)

super giants

b)

giants

c)

main sequence

d)

white dwarfs

13.

Which star is hotter than the sun?

a)

Betelgeuse

b)

Aldebaran

c)

Alpha Centauri B

d)

Sirius B

14.

Which star is most likely to be red?

a)

Betelgeuse

b)

Rigel

c)

Sirius A

d)

Sirius B

15.

Compared to Rigel, Alpha Centauri B is

a)

cooler and brighter

b)

cooler and dimmer

c)

hotter and brighter

d)

hotter and dimmer

16.

Which star has a greater absolute magnitude?

a)

Betelgeuse

b)

Aldebaran

c)

Rigel

d)

Sirius B

17.

Both reflecting and refracting telescopes are optical, they are designed to

a)

break visible light into colors of the spectrum

b)

separate visible light from ultraviolet and radio waves

c)

collect and focus visible light

d)

work better with short-wavelength radiation

18.

Reflecting telescopes differ from refracting telescopes on having

a)

no eyepiece lens

b)

two large objective lenses

c)

a mirror instead of an objective lens

d)

one large opjective lense

19.

The Hubble Space telescope

a)

is located at the top of Mauna Kea

b)

is a refracting telescope

c)

is part of the Chandra X-ray Observatory in space

d)

collects visible light from above and outside of Earth's atmosphere

20.

Spectrographs help astronomers determine the

a)

position of a star in the sky

b)

temperature and composition of a star

c)

distance to a star

d)

diameter of a star

21.

The chemical composition of a star can be determined using a

a)

refracting telescope

b)

satellite

c)

spectrograph

d)

reflecting telescope

22.

A light year is

a)

365 days

b)

the distance light travels in a year

c)

the distance from the Sun to the Earth

d)

the amount of light in a star over a year

23.

A light year is a unit of

a)

distance

b)

time

c)

temperature

d)

density

24.

Parallax is a method used to determine a star's

a)

distance from Earth

b)

temperature

c)

composition

d)

brightness

25.

An increase in the wavelength, and corresponding decrease in the frequency and photon energy, of electromagnetic radiation (such as light)

a)

redshift

b)

blue-shift

c)

green-shift

d)

brown-shift

26.

Redshift is like the doppler effect, which can tell us that the object is

a)

moving away from us

b)

moving toward us

c)

stationary

d)

shrinking

27.

Stars are classified according to their

a)

distance, size, and color

b)

size, distance, and brightness

c)

color, brightness and temperature

d)

size, brightness, and temperature

28.

What color are the hottest stars?

a)

blue-white

b)

yellow

c)

red

d)

orange

e)

green

29.

The brightness of a star depends on its

a)

distance and temperature

b)

size and temperature

c)

color and temperature

d)

distance and color

30.

The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram shows that main sequence stars (like ours)

a)

are mostly hot and dim

b)

are mostly cool and bright

c)

increase in brightness as the increase in temperature

d)

descrease in brightness as the increase in temperature

31.

A star is born when

a)

a nebula expands

b)

helium and oxygen combine

c)

extreme gravity ignites tthe contracting gas in nuclear fusion

d)

a protostar begins to cool

32.

All stars (except for the first stars?) begin their lives as parts of

a)

nebulas

b)

protostars

c)

pulsars

d)

binary stars

33.

The force that tends to pull together the matter in a nebula is

a)

gravity

b)

nuclear fusion

c)

expansion

d)

nuclear fission

34.

The lifespan of a star depends on its

a)

temperature

b)

brightness

c)

mass

d)

magnitude

35.

Stars may last from

a)

1 million to 10 million years

b)

5 million to 100 million years

c)

10 million to 200 billion years

d)

10 billion to 500 billion years

36.

When stars begin to run out of their hydrogen fuel, they first become

a)

red giants or supergiants

b)

supernovas

c)

white dwarfs

d)

neutron stars

37.

Black holes form from the remains of stars that

a)

collapsed extremely fast

b)

lost all their gravitational attraction

c)

were more than 40 times the mass of the Sun

d)

had first turned into white dwarfs

38.

When a white dwarf stops glowing, it becomes a

a)

black hole

b)

black dwarf

c)

neutron star

d)

supernova

39.

Eclipsing binary stars can sometimes be identified because they

a)

are brighter than any single star

b)

are always white dwarfs

c)

become dimmer at regular intervals

d)

are cool red stars

40.

One indication that a planet may exist near a star is dimming due to planetary transit. Another sign is

a)

the star varies in temperature

b)

the star has a slight back-and-forth motion

c)

the star has very strong gravity

d)

radio wave frequency increases near the star

41.

How are elliptical and spiral galaxies different?

a)

Elliptical galaxies have little gas and dust

b)

Elliptical galaxies vary more in shape than spiral galaxies

c)

Spiral galaxies have little gas and dust

d)

Spiral galaxies contain only old stars

42.

Milky Way Galaxy is a

a)

spiral galaxy

b)

cloud galaxy

c)

elliptical gallaxy

d)

irregular galaxy

43.

According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe began about

a)

1 to 5 Million Years Ago

b)

1 to 2 Billion Years Ago

c)

10 to 15 Billion Years Ago

d)

100 to 200 Billion Years Ago

44.

The solar system formed from a collapsed cloud of gas and dust called a

a)

expanding galaxy

b)

exploding galaxy

c)

nebula

d)

black hole

45.

What is the speed of light?

a)

300,000 km/s

b)

3,000 km/s

c)

300 m/s

d)

3m/s

46.

What is the speed of sound?

a)

300,000 km/s

b)

3,400 km/s

c)

340 m/s

d)

340 km/s

47.

Reorder the following from largest to smallest

a)

Supergiant

b)

giant

c)

Medium-sized

d)

White dwarf

e)

Neutron star

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
48.

The brightness of a star as it is seen from Earth

a)

Apparent magnitude

b)

Absolute magnitude

49.

The brightness a star would have if it was at a standard distance from Earth.

a)

Apparent magnitude

b)

Absolute magnitude

50.

Patterns of stars in the sky are called

a)

Oort clouds

b)

Keiper formations

c)

Asteroid belt

d)

Constellations

51.

Most telescopes collect and focus different types of ___________ emitted from stars and reflect off planets and other space objects.

a)

electromagnetic radiation

b)

solar wind

c)

coronal mass ejections

d)

auroras

52.

A building that contains one or more telescopes is called a

a)

observatory

b)

purgatory

c)

tertiary

d)

binary

53.

Our moon is a

a)

natural satellite

b)

artificial-satellite (man-made)

c)

comet

d)

asteroid

54.

a body orbiting around a larger body or planet

a)

satellite

b)

observatory

c)

confectionary

d)

prominence

55.

A cluster of localized stars

a)

Oort cloud

b)

Keiper cluster

c)

galaxy

d)

Asteroid belt

56.

There are billions of galaxies in our

a)

Keiper Belt

b)

Asteroid Belt

c)

Oort Cloud

d)

Universe

57.

A tiny star left over when a giant star explodes

a)

neutron star

b)

protostar

c)

nebulae

d)

supergiant

58.

A neutron star that gives off regular pulses of radio waves

a)

pulsar

b)

pulse oximeter

c)

supergiant

d)

Oort cloud

59.

A large about of gas and dust spread out in an immense volume

a)

protostar

b)

nebula

c)

supergiant

d)

Keiper belt

60.

A contracting cloud of dust and gas before fusion occurs is called a

a)

protostar

b)

nebula

c)

supergiant

d)

Keiper belt

61.

How long a star lives depends on how much ____ it has.

a)

volume

b)

gas

c)

mass

d)

density

62.

The blue-white hot core left by a red giant (not a supergiant) is a

a)

white dwarf

b)

blue dwarf

c)

a Snow White dwarf

d)

black hole

63.

After a supernova, some material from the exploded star is left behind which may contract to form either a _____ or a black hole.

a)

neutron star

b)

white dwarf

c)

brown dwarf

d)

Oort cloud

64.

Bright but distant objects in the sky that are "something like" a "stellar" object are called

a)

Nebulae

b)

Oort Clouds

c)

Pulsars

d)

Quasars

65.

A system in which one star blacks the light from another is called a(n)

a)

eclipsing binary

b)

Keiper system

c)

Tatooine system

d)

Ecosystem

66.

A spectrograph can help astronomers do what?

a)

Determine the elemental composition and temperature of a star

b)

Determine the composition and size of a star

c)

Determine the temperature and size of a star

d)

Determine the size color of a star

67.

A spectrograph breaks the light from an object into a ______________, or range of different colors.

a)

spectrum

b)

radioscope

c)

gamma film

d)

x-ray

68.

The apparent change in the position of an object when viewed from two different places is called a(n)

a)

parallax

b)

spectrum

c)

otoscope

d)

Oort cloud

69.

I can describe a star using an H-R diagram. All of the following can be determined about a star using H-R EXCEPT _____.

a)

Sequence or group type/size

b)

color

c)

temperature

d)

brightness

e)

composition

70.

The H-R diagram shows the relationship between a star's

a)

temperature and absolute magnitude

b)

temperature and composition

c)

composition and absolute magnitude

d)

magnetosphere and composition

71.

Astronomers think that a(n) ______ is a distant galaxy with a giant black hole at its center.

a)

quasar

b)

nebula

c)

protogalaxy

d)

local group

72.

Astronomers have inferred the age of the universe from how fast the universe is ____.

a)

multiplying

b)

expanding

c)

contracting

d)

spinning

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