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DNA, DNA Replication, RNA and Protein Synthesis

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
2.
The enzyme that unwinds the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
3.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
4.
order of replication
a)
3, 4, 2, 1
b)
3, 1, 4, 2
c)
2, 1, 4, 3
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
5.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
6.
In what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place?
a)
G1
b)
S
c)
G2
d)
M
7.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
8.
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
a)
none of these
b)
Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands
c)
two exact copies with new strands
d)
two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.
9.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
10.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
11.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
12.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
13.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
14.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
15.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
16.

What part of the nucleotide is labled "A"

a)

Phosphate

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Protein

d)

Sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose)

17.

What part of the nucleotide is labled "B"

a)

Phosphate

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Protein

d)

Sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose)

18.

What part of the nucleotide is labled "C"

a)

Phosphate

b)

Nitrogenous Base

c)

Protein

d)

Sugar (Deoxyribose or Ribose)

19.
Assume that you have straight hair and your sibling has curly hair. What accounts for this difference?
a)
You have DNA and your sibling does not.
b)

Your sequence of nitrogen bases is different than your sibling.

c)
Your sibling has a weave. 
d)
Your sibling has a genetic mutation. 
20.
In DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding & unzipping the parent strand of DNA?
a)
helicase
b)
polymerase
c)
ligase
d)
primase
21.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

22.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

23.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
24.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
25.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
26.
Genetic info flows in one direction. Which best represents this flow?
a)
DNA-protein-RNA
b)
Protein-RNA-DNA
c)
RNA-protein-DNA
d)
DNA-RNA-protein
27.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
28.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

29.

How many nucleotides code for 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

30.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
31.

Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA? (This is the MONOMER of DNA.)

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

fatty acids

d)

polysaccharides

32.

TRANSLATE this RNA sequence: AUGCAAUGA

a)

Met-Glu-Stop

b)

Met-His-Stop

c)

Thr-Glu-Stop

d)

Thr-Pro-Stop

33.

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

fatty acids; ionic

c)

proteins; hydrogen

d)

fatty acids; covalent

34.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
35.

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?


UAA

a)

STOP

b)

Phenylalanine

c)

Valine

d)

Aspartic acid

36.

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?


CAU

a)

Methionine

b)

Isoleucine

c)

Histidine

d)

Arginine

37.

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?


AGG

a)

Methionine

b)

Isoleucine

c)

Histidine

d)

Arginine

38.

DNA is the code for (a)   life.

39.

Which bases are only found in DNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

e)

Guanine

40.

What is the complimentary DNA sequence of the following sequence:

GATCAG

a)

TGACAT

b)

GACATG

c)

CTAGTC

d)

CGACTA

41.

What do the dotted lines between the nitrogenous bases (A,T,C,G) represent in the image provided?

a)

Covalent bonds

b)

Ionic bonds

c)

Peptide bonds

d)

Hydrogen bonds

42.

What is bonded to Adenine in the image to form a section of the DNA molecule?

a)

Guanine and Phosphate group

b)

Cytosine and Deoxyribose sugar

c)

Thymine and Deoxyribose sugar

d)

Deoxyribose sugar and Phosphate group

43.

What determines the specific traits in an organism?

a)

The number of carbons in the DNA molecule.

b)

The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together. 

c)

The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.

d)

The sequence of phosphates along each DNA strand. 

44.

What is the first step in the process of DNA replication?

a)

enzymes "unzip" the DNA molecule by breaking the hydrogen bonds

b)

free nucleotides are added to the 2 original strands of DNA

c)

2 identical DNA molecules are produced

d)

1 cell divides into 2 cells

45.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides ("The Builder")?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
46.

Enzyme that connects the DNA to the backbone (glues)

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Primase

47.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
48.
mRNA is read in chunks of three, called...
a)
quadralets
b)
anticodons
c)
codons
d)
capsids
49.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
50.

A normal strand of DNA is shown. It is followed by the same strand of DNA after mutations have occurred.

Normal strand:   G T C C A T C T G A T T A C G G C A

Mutated strand: G T C C A T C G A T T A C G G C A 

Which mutations have taken place?


a)

  1. Substitution and inversion mutations

b)

Addition and frameshift mutations

c)

Inversion and deletion mutations

d)

Deletion and frameshift mutations

51.

 A codon chart is shown below.


Which of these changes to the DNA triplet 3’GCT 5’ will affect the protein(amino acid)  produced?

a)

GTT

b)

TCT

c)

TCC

d)

GCA

52.

The original strand of DNA is shown below. Match each mutated piece of DNA to its correct type of mutation.

Original strand:  AAACCCGGGTTT

Mutated Strand: AAACCCGGTTT


a)

Insertion

b)

Deletion

c)

Substitution

53.

The original strand of DNA is shown below. Match each mutated piece of DNA to its correct type of mutation.

Original strand:  AAACCCGGGTTT

Mutated Strand: AAACCCGGGGTTT


a)

Insertion

b)

Deletion

c)

Substitution

54.

The original strand of DNA is shown below. Match each mutated piece of DNA to its correct type of mutation.

Original strand:  AAACCCGGGTTT

Mutated Strand: AAACTCGGGTTT


a)

Insertion

b)

Deletion

c)

Substitution

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